DevelopingSkills for the

TOEFL’

Table of ContentsGeneral Introduction to TOEFL® 12

Reading 17

Introduction to TOEFL® Reading 20

Chapter 1 Short Passage Skill Practice 25

Chapter 2 Long Passage Skill Practice 79

Chapter 3 Focus: Sum m arizing Inform ation 157

Listening 173

Introduction to TOEFL® Listening 176

Chapter 1 Short Passage Skill Practice 179

Chapter 2 Long Passage Skill Practice 257

Chapter 3 Focus: Note-taking 335

Speaking 343

Introduction to TOEFL* Speaking 346

Chapter 1 Thinking and Speaking 349

Chapter 2 M aking Speech Coherent 411

Chapter 3 Focus: Speaking Naturally 471

Writing ---------------- 481

Introduction to TOEFL® W riting 484

Chapter 1 Thinking and W riting 489

Chapter 2 M aking W riting Com plete 547

Chapter 3 Focus: W riting Gram m ar 595

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Developing Skills for the TO EFL iBT

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READING Table of ContentsIntroduction to TOEFL® R e a d in g --------------------------------- 14

C hapter 1 Sho rt P assag e Skill Practice

Skill A Understanding D e ta i ls --------------------------------- 21

Skill B Identifying Topics and Paraphrasing 27

Skill c Recognizing Coherence 33

Review A -C : Vocabulary Review -----------------------------40

Skill R e v ie w -------------------------------------------------------------- 4 2

Skill D Understanding Referents and V o c a b u la ry ---------------------- 4 7

Skill E Making Inferences and Establishing Purpose 53

Skill F Completing Summaries and Tables 59

Review A - F : Vocabulary R e v ie w ------------------------------------------- 6 6

Skill R e v ie w -------------------------------------------------------68

C h ap ter 2 Long Passage Skill Practice

Skill A Understanding D e ta ils ------------------------------------75

Skill B Identifying Topics and Parap hrasing ----------- 83

Skill c Recognizing C o h e re n c e ------------------------------- 91

Review A - C : Vocabulary R e v i e w ---------------------------------------------1 00

Skill Review -------------------------------------------------------- 104

Skill D Understanding Referents and Vocabu lary------------- 113

Skill E Making Inferences and Establishing Purpose 121

Skill F Completing Summaries and T a b le s ----------------------------- 129

Review A -F : Vocabulary Review --------------------------------- 138

Skill Review --------------------------------- 142

Chapter 3 Focus: Sum m arizing w ith Tables and Charts

Focus A Com pleting Tables and Charts 154

Focus B Creatina Tables and Charts ------------------------- 161

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How the reading section is organizedThere are four main parts in the reading section.

Introduction Understanding w h at each section requires you to doChapter 1 Practicing necessary skills w ith short reading passagesChapter 2 Developing the skills w ith longer reading passagesChapter 3 Improving on sum m arizing skills

ReadingIn the reading section of the TOEFL® test, you w ill be required to read three to five passages on varying topics. After each passage, you will answer twelve to fourteen questions that test your ability to understand vocabulary, sentence structure , and factual inform ation as w ell as implied inform ation and the writer's intention. You w ill not be perm itted to see the questions until after you have read the passage. W hile

answering the questions, you will be permitted to look back at the reading. You do not need any previous knowledge on the topic in order to answer the questions correctly.

• Passage Types:1. Exposition — M aterial that provides inform ation about or an explanation of a topic2 . Argum entation — M aterial that presents a point of v iew about a topic and provides supporting

evidence in favor of a position3. Narrative — An account of a person's life or a historical event

• Q uestion Types:

Questions 1 through 10 w ill be m ultiple-choice questions much like those found on older versions of the TOEFL*. The fo llow ing list explains the types and num ber o f each type of question on the test. Questions w ill not necessarily appear in this order.

2 0 In tro d u c t io n

Question Type Number Task

Vocabulary 2 choose the best synonym

Pronoun Reference 1 identify the noun to w h ich a pronoun is referring

Factual Information 4 select details o r facts provided in the passage, including one (1)

negative fa ct question identify ing som ething th at is not in

the passage, o r not true according to the passage

Organization and

Purpose

1 identify the w riter's m ethod in explain ing h is o r her

point, o r tell w h y the w rite r has m entioned som ething

Inferences 1 draw an inference from the passage by choosing an answer that

is som ething not actually said in the passage, but is implied

o r can be inferred

Paraphrase 1 choose the best paraphrase to demonstrate your understanding

of part o f the passage o r a sentence and your ability to analyze

the m eaning of the designated part of the passage

The 11th and 12th questions fo r each passage are not m ultiple-choice and are question types not found on older versions of the TOEFL'*. The 11" question is a sentence insertion activity, and the 12!h question

can be one of tw o types of activities: either a chart or a sum m ary question.

Sentence InsertionThis question shows you a sentence that could be added to the passage. You m ust decide w here the sentence would best fit in the passage. W hile you are reading you w ill notice several icons that look like this ■ on the actual Internet-based test. You w ill be required to click on the square [■ ] w here you feel the new sentence should be added. For the purposes of this practice test, you can simply choose the letter beside the appropriate square. This question tests how well you understand the organization of the

passage.

Category ChartIn passages on topics that explain groups or categories of inform ation, you w ill most likely be asked to demonstrate your understanding of the groups or categories mentioned in the reading by completing a

chart. There w ill be tw o o I ' K V * .................... X choices should

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DevelopingSkills for t h e T O E F L iBTIntermediate

D eveloping Skills for the TO E F L9 iB T continues the C om pass Publishing graded test p repara tion course fo r the TOEFL*5 iBT te s t adm in istered by ETS. In this second

book o f the series, studen ts will be able to fam iliarize them selves w ith innovative question types found on the TOEFL® iBT te s t in add ition to practicing suggested

tips a n d skills designed to increase their test scores in all fo u r skill-based test

sections: reading , listening, speaking, and w riting.

Key Features:

• Focused prac tice o f each qu estio n type• G u id ed n o te -tak in g activ ities• A n n o ta te d read in g , listen ing , a n d sam p le response passages to su p p o rt

vocab u la ry acq u is itio n• G ra d e d prac tice to en h an ce fu rth e r acq u is itio n o f tes t skills• A u th en tic tes t p rac tice m odeled o n th e TO EFL* iBT fo rm a t• Full an sw er key includ ing all sam p le responses• T ransc rip ts fo r all listen ing exercises a n d in teg ra ted tasks• A udio reco rd ing includes over 120 sam ple co n v ersa tio n s a n d lec tu res, as well

as over 4 0 sam ple responses fo r speak ing tasks• Split ed itio n s (R ead ing , L isten ing , S peaking , W riting) availab le

The complete Compass TOEFL- iBT Skills Course:

B uilding Skills fo r th e TOEFL® iBT D evelop ing Skills fo r th e TOEFL® iBT M aste rin g Skills fo r the TOEFL® iBT S harpen ing Skills fo r th e TOEFL® iBT

BeginningIntermediateAdvancedPractice Test Book 1. Book 2

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D eveloping f? S k ills : r T O E F L

M astering ^ Skills TOEFL'

S h a rp en in g S k ills fo r th e TOEFLiBT

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