FM230-Hydraulics Lab 2 2010 Small Rig ADL

8/2/2019 FM230-Hydraulics Lab 2 2010 Small Rig ADL

1/12

Fluid Mechanics 230 Laboratory Session 2

Faculty of Science & Engineering, Curtin University of Technology

SUBMISSION SHEET FOR ASSESSED WORK

COMPLETE THE TOP HALF OF THIS SHEET AND ATTACH THE WHOLE OF THESHEET TO THE FRONT OF YOUR SUBMISSION

Unit: Fluid Mechanics 230Activity type: LaboratoryTitle of Activity: (Lab-Experiments)Credit for Activity: (10% of Unit)Note for guidance: It is expected that an average student will take 5-6hours

(excluding any laboratory time) to complete this work

STUDENT: NAME: ____________________________ NUMBER:___________

DATE ACTIVITY CARRIED OUT: ______________________

DATE OF THIS SUBMISSION: ______________________

DECLRATION: Having read and understood Curtin Universitys policy onplagiarism and collusion, I confirm that this submission is my ownwork; any other material contained herein is clearly acknowledged.

Signed

OPTIONAL Ho long did o take to complete this piece of ork?


2/12

OPTIONAL: How long did you take to complete this piece of work?


discussion ofresults

Conclusions 10%

Quality of overallpresentation ofreport

10%

General Comments from Marker:

Overall Mark Awarded: _______________

Marker: ____________________Date of Return:____________________LABORATORY NUMBER 2

FLOW THROUGH PIPES1. Introduction:

This experiment is designed to permit the study of flow in pipes, not only ineach of the laminar and turbulent regimes but also in the transitionalregime between laminar and turbulent flow. The pressure gradient in thepipe will be measured and the pipes friction factor evaluated for differentflow rates.

2. Objectives


3/12


Figure 1. Laboratory equipment for the study of flow through a pipe

4. Procedure

Refer to the equipment layout shown in Figures 5 and 6 in the Appendix.

First check that the apparatus is leveled so that the manometers stand vertically. Because of the

large range of head differences, the readings are taken in two sets: those for lower flow rates

with the water manometer, and those for high flow rates using the mercury manometer. In total,

take 30 eadi g t e the la i a t a iti al a d t b le t fl egi e a f ll


4/12


Turn off the needle valve (to stop the flow) to check that mercury levels in the twobranches of the manometer are level.

Use the needle valve to regulate the flow rate in the pipe. Small head difference should

correspond to the transitional flow. It is advisable to overlap the first few mercurymanometer readings with those of water manometer readings in Section 4.1 above..

Take the readings of mercury manometers h1 and h2.

Calculate the flow rates in the same way that you did for water-manometer cases.

5. Data Collection and Results

5.1 Properties of water, mercury and pipe

Density of water(kg/m3) 1,000

Dynamic viscosity of water at 200C (N.s/m2) 1.002 10-3

Diameter of pipe (mm) 3

Length of pipe between piezometer tappings (mm) 524

Roughness height of pipe wall material k (mm) 0 0015


5/12


12

Mercury Manometer Readings

TestNo.

Qty(ml)

t

(s)

Flowrate

(m3/s)

V (m/s)

h1(mm)

h2(mm)

Hydraulicgradient,

i131415

16171819202122

2324252627282930


6/12


161718

19202122232425

2627282930

6.1 Analysis and Report

For the analysis,

1. Plot hydraulic gradient, i, against the mean velocity of the flow, V,

and identif the flo speed regions of laminar and t rb lent flo


7/12


APPENDIX:Formulae and Figures 2-7

A1. Useful formulae for the analysis of pipe flows

The head loss due to friction can be calculated using Darcy-Weisbachequation:

g

V

D

Lfh

L 2

2

= (Eq

1)

Hydraulic gradient

Dg

Vf

L

hi L

2

2

== (Eq 2 )

For Water manometer:

L

hhi

)( 21 = (Eq 3 )

where the units ofh1, h2and L are the same.

For mercury manometer:hh

i

)15.13)(( 21

(E 4)


8/12


2 L = Distance between two piezometer points


9/12


A2. Figures 2-7

Figure 2. Typical laminar flow Figure 3. Typical turbulent flow


10/12


Fi 5 Di ti t f th t (S ll i )


11/12


Air valve

Mercury U-tube

Water manometer

Testing pipe

Air valve

Mercury U-tube

Water manometer

Testing pipe


12/12


Fig. 7: Moody diagram

Page 12 of 12

FM230-Hydraulics Lab 2 2010 Small Rig ADL

Documents

Transcript of FM230-Hydraulics Lab 2 2010 Small Rig ADL