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Fluid Mechanics

Aspirants appearing for a Ph.D. Degree

All candidates will be tested on Basic Mathematics and Fluid Mechanics.Apart from this the candidates can choose any two of the following areas

for the purpose of interview.

1. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)2. Experimental Fluid Mechanics (EFM)3. Stability, transition and Turbulence (STT)4. Thermo-fluid mechanics, convection, reactive flows, interfacial flows5. Aerodynamics, flow around bluff bodies, Boundary layers, flow

control, etc.6. Low Re flows, micro flows, bio-fluidmechanics etc.

Syllabus

Fluid Mechanics

Introduction to Fluid Mechanics, Fluid properties; Surface Tension, Viscosity; Fluid Statics;Cartesian Tensors ; Kinematics; Vorticity and circulation

Integral laws for conservation of mass, momentum, angular momentum and energy; Constitutive

laws, Differential forms of mass conservation equation, Bernoullis equation; Navier-Stokes

Equations; Differential form of Energy equation. Applications of integral and differentialconservation equations.

Scaling and dimensional analysis, Dynamic Similarity, Buckinghams Pi Theorem

Laminar Flows, similarity solutions, high Re flows, creeping flows

Suggested Text:

a. Kundu, P.K. and Cohen I.M., Fluid Mechanics, 3rd Ed., Academic Press, (2004).

b. Sherman F.S., Viscous Flow, McGraw Hill International, (1990)c. Muralidhar K and Biswas G., Advanced Engineering Fluid Mechanics, 2

ndEd., Alpha

Science, (2005)

d. White F.M., Viscous Fluid Flow, McGraw Hill International, (1991)

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

Governing equations for Fluid flow systems; Solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic

equations, Time marching solutions; Discretization of derivatives-finite difference; Finite

volume method- incompressible flow simulation-modelling of compressible flows; Introductionto FEM-incompressible flow simulation by FEM; Turbulent flow modeling Familiarity with

CFD softwares (if applicable)

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Suggested Text::

a. D. A. Anderson, J. C. Tannehill and R. H. Pletcher, " Computational Fluid Mechanicsand Heat Transfer", Hemishphere Publishing Corporation, 1984

b. S. V. Patankar, "Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow", Hemisphere PublishingCorporation, 1980.

Experimental Fluid Mechanics (EFM)

Flow properties and basic principles, Static and dynamic response of measuring systems,Measurement uncertainty, signal conditioning, discretization and analysis, Fluid mechanical

apparatus, Measurement of fluid pressure, Optical instrumentation: light propagation,illumination, scattering, characteristics of seeding particles, Flow visualization, Local flow

velocity measurement; Thermal anemometry, LDV,PIV, etc.

Suggested Text:

a. Measurement in Fluid Mechanics, S.Tavoularis, Cambridge University Press,2005.

b. Experiments in Fluid Mechanics, R.A.Granger, Holt Reinhart and Winston, Inc.,1988.

c. Particle imaging velocimetry, A practical guide, M.Raffel, C.Willert andJ.Kompenhans, Springer-Verlag, 1998.d. Fluid Mechanics Measurement, R. Goldstein, Taylor & Francis, 1996.

Stability, Transition, Turbulence (STT)

Euler and Navier-Stokes Equations; Laminar flows; Boundary-Layer approximation; Similarity,integral and computational solutions of boundary layer equations,Flow pastbluff bodies,

Separation, Introduction to perturbation techniques

Hydrodynamic Stability; Method of normal modes, Instabilities: Kelvin-Helmholtz, centrifugaland thermal; Squires theorm, Orr-Sommerfeld equation; Inviscid and viscous stability of parallel

flows, Transition;

Introduction to Turbulent Flows; Averaged equations of motion, Kinetic energy budgets,Turbulence - production, dissipation, cascade and spectrum; Free shear flows; Turbulent

boundary layers.

Suggested Texts:

a. Kundu, P.K. and Cohen I.M., Fluid Mechanics, 3rd

Ed., Academic Press, (2004).b. Muralidhar K and Biswas G., Advanced Engineering Fluid Mechanics, 2

ndEd., Alpha

Science, (2005)c. White F.M., Viscous Fluid Flow, McGraw Hill International, (1991)

d. Schlichting H., Boundary-layer theory, McGraw Hill International, (1979)

Thermo-fluid mechanics, convection, reactive flows, interfacial flows etc. (TFM)

Introduction to Thermo-Fluid Mechanics; Conservation laws;Navier-Stokes equations;Differential and Integral forms; External laminar flows; flow over a Flat Plate, Wedge flows,

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flow over cylinders, Separation, Internal Laminar Flow; Circular pipe, non-circular ducts; Freeconvection; Vertical plate cylinders, mixed convection

Suggested Texts:

a. Bejan A., Convection Heat Transfer Wiley Interscience Publication, (1995).

Aerodynamics, flow around bluff bodies, Boundary layers, flow control, etc.

Introduction to Aerodynamics; flow past a bluff body, streamlined body; flow control; The roleof control in fluid flow systems; Effect of Reynolds number (Re); Control at low-Re and high-

Re; Linear stability theory; Transitional flows and control; Separation control; Drag reduction;mixing enhancement; chaotic mixing; Noise reduction; Active and reactive feedback control :

adaptive, physical-model based, optimal control; MEMS systems;

Suggested Texts:

a. Gad-el-Hak, "Flow Control", CUP, (2000).b. Schlichting H., Boundary-layer theory, McGraw Hill International, (1979)

Low Re flows, micro flows, bio-fluid mechanics

Relevance of Micro flows in nature and Technology Microfluidic devices in life sciences; Low

Reynolds number effects; Basic equations of Fluid Dynamics - compressible, incompressibleflows; Navier-Stokes equations; Slip and no-slip conditions, Higher order slip models; Shear

driven flows (Couette, Poiseuille, cavity flows); Fluids in micro; Bio-Fluid flow systems;Physiological Fluid Dynamics; Flow through arteries and veins;

Suggested Texts:

a). Pedley, T. J. The Fluid Mechanics of Large Blood Vessels, CUP, (1980).b). Beskok A. and Karniadakis G., Micro flows, CUP (1996).

Aspirants appearing for a M.S. Degree

All candidates will be tested on Basic Mathematics and Basic FluidMechanics. Apart from this the candidates can choose any one of thefollowing areas for the purpose of interview.

1. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

2. Experimental Fluid Mechanics3. Stability, transition and Turbulence4. Thermo-fluid mechanics, convection, reactive flows, interfacial flows5. Aerodynamics, flow around bluff bodies, Boundary layers, flow

control, etc.6. Low Re flows, micro flows, bio fluid mechanics etc.

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Syllabus

Basic Fluid Mechanics

a) Fluid continuum Properties of fluids Methods of describing fluid motion

Kinematics of fluid streamlines, streak lines, path lines equation of Continuity, Eulersequations of motion Navier Strokes equations.

b) Hydrostatics Manometry Fluid force on planes and curved surfaces, submerged andfloating bodies stability of submerged and floating bodies - Fluids subjected to uniform

linear acceleration and uniform rotation.

c) Analysis of fluid motion in integral form Concept of a system and a control volume

equations of continuity, energy, linear momentum and angular momentum as applied to acontrol volume in fluid flow and their applications to propellers, cascades and pumps and

turbines.

d) Dimensional analysis, similitude and model testing Laminar and turbulent flows

Viscous effects Boundary layer Separation phenomena Losses in pipes and minor

features.

Suggested Text:

a. Fluid Mechanics, Gupta & Gupta, John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte Ltd (1984)

b. Fluid Mechanics by F.M.White, 5th

Ed., McGraw Hill International, (2003)c. Physical Fluid Dynamics by D.J.Tritton, Clarendon Press (1987)