FM-2 Lecture 1 final.ppt

8/20/2019 FM-2 Lecture 1 final.ppt

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In the name of Allah the Most Gracious the Most

Merciful


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CE-UG-VI-2014

Spring E!-"U# 201$


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C%U&SE %U'(I#E

(UI) MEC*A#ICS + II ,CE-21.


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C%U&SE %U'(I#E

(UI) MEC*A#ICS + I ,CE-22.

Course Title Fluid Mechanics II

Course Code CE – 252

Credit Hrs 2+1

Theory 2

Practical 1


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DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS

(UI) MEC*A#ICS + II ,CE-22.

Distribution Contribution in Gradin

Theory

!"#$%

& ' (ssin)ents *5$ ,

& ' -ui. !/nannounced0(nnounced%

1*$ ","

2 ' ne Hrs Test 5$ 2,1

1 ' Final E'a) 5*$ &,*

Practical !$% ' -ui. !(nnounced% 5*$ 1$/

ab 3e4orts 2*$ $/$

i6a *$ /


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(earning %utcomes&ecognise the asic analtical an3 empirical principles

of lui3 Mechanics relate3 to pipe o5 prolems/

Categori6e an3 anal6e the pipe o5 prolems an3formulate solutions7 using the analtical an3 empiricalprinciples of lui3 Mechanics/

&ecognise the principles an3 5or8ing of h3raulic

machines/ Anal6e asic open channel o5 e9uations/The course provides essential knowledge for the

study and solution of pipe ow problems andnatural ow phenomena in rivers, estuaries,

oceans and the atmosphere. It provides thefundamental theory for design of pipe networks,water retaining structures. This subject providesthe awareness of the selection of specichydraulic machinery for the specic requirements.


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(UI) MEC*A#ICS +II ,CE-22.

DETAILED SYLLABUS


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(ecture :lanPrerequisites78ernouli E9uation7Enery E9uation7Fluid Pro4erties7Di)ensional (nalysis


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Prerequisites78ernouli E9uation7Enery E9uation7Fluid Pro4erties

7Continuity E9uation

Prerequisites78ernouli E9uation7Enery E9uation7Fluid Pro4erties7Continuity E9uation

7Mo)entu) E9uation7a:s o; Hydro


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Prerequisites78ernouli E9uation7Enery E9uation7Fluid Pro4erties7Mo)entu) Princi4les

7=i)ilitudes


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TEXT BOOKS

>, F, Doulas? >, M, Gasiore@? >, (, =:a;;ield A , 8, >ac@

BFluid Mechanics Fi;th Edition

3, , Dauherty BFluid Mechanics ith Enineerin

(44licationsBFluid Mechanics ith Enineerin (44lications by E

>ohn Finne)oreand >ose4h 8 Fran.ini, 1*th Edition,

REFERENCES=treeter? ylie? 8ed;ord BFluid Mechanics inth Edition

Dr (ndre: =leih B(n Introduction to Fluid Mechanics

May 2**1 !=chool o; Ci6il Enineerin? /ni6ersity o;

eeds%

3 E, Featherstone BCi6il Enineerin Hydraulics Third

Edition


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teady Incompressible !low in "ressure#onduits


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1;

Laminar flow Viscous shears dominate in this type of flow and the

fluid appears to be moving in discreet layers. Theshear stress is governed by Newton’s law of viscosity(equation 1.1!

"n general the shear stress is almost impossible tomeasure. #ut for laminar flow it is possible tocalculate the theoretical value for a given velocity$fluid and the appropriate geometrical shape.

dy

duµ=τ


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14

Turbulent flow This is the most commonly occurring flow in engineering

practice in which fluid particles move erratically causinginstantaneous fluctuations in the velocity components.

These fluctuations cause additional shear stresses. "n thistype of flow both viscous and turbulent shear stresses e%ists.

Thus$ the shear stress in turbulent flow is a combination oflaminar and turbulent shear stresses$ and can be written as!

where µ & dynamic viscosity

ε & eddy viscosity which is not a fluid property but depends uponturbulence condition of flow.

( ) dy

dUturbulentar minla ε+µ=τ+τ=τ


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$%&I'%( and

T)(*)$+'Tor laminar o5 the 3rop in energ 3ue to friction 7 5hile for turulent o5 friction


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#(ITI#%$ (+'-$/s')&*+(&crit 2000If & D 2000 - (aminar lo5

If & 2000 - 'urulent lo5

'hough the eBperimenters ha


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:racticeample "roblem 0.12 In rener oil ,s 0/F7 < 1/F B 10- m2s.

o5s through a 100 mm 3iameter pipe at 0/0 (s/ Is the o5 laminaror turulentH

+3. 0.4.12 %il 5ith 8inematic


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*3raulic ra3ius7 *3raulic

3iameteror con3uits ha


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:ractice

+3. 0.5.12 Jhat is the h3raulic ra3ius of a12-in 1$-in rectangular air 3uctH

+3 0.5.42 Jhat is the percentage 3iKerenceet5een the h3raulic ra3ii of a ;00-mm3iameter 3uct an3 a ;00-mm s9uare 3uctH


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&IC'I%# *EA) (%SS I# C%#)UI' %

C%#S'A#' C&%SS SEC'I%#


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&IC'I%# *EA) (%SS I# C%#)UI' %

C%#S'A#' C&%SS SEC'I%#lo5 is stea3 o5

Con3uit of uniform

cross section


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&IC'I%# *EA) (%SS I# C%#)UI' %C%#S'A#' C&%SS SEC'I%#

After 3eri


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&IC'I%# I# CI&CU(A&C%#)UI'S

Circular :ipelo5ing full,(aminar orturulent o5.

"I"+ !(I#TI-' +6)%TI-'and %(# 78+I*%#9

+6)%TI-'


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&IC'I%# I# CI&CU(A&


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&IC'I%# in #on circular

con3uit

FM-2 Lecture 1 final.ppt

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