Florian Twaroch Department of Geoinformation and Cartography, TU Vienna [email protected]...
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Florian Twaroch Department of Geoinformation and Cartography, TU Vienna [email protected] Simulation as a tool in GI Science Sandbox Geography continued … Florian Twaroch Annual Scientific Meeting – GeoGERAS 2005 Pernegg, Austria Institute for Geoinformation & Cartography 27 th – 28 th June 2005
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Transcript of Florian Twaroch Department of Geoinformation and Cartography, TU Vienna [email protected]...
Florian TwarochDepartment of Geoinformation and Cartography, TU Vienna
Simulation as a tool in GI ScienceSandbox Geography continued …
Florian Twaroch
Annual Scientific Meeting – GeoGERAS 2005Pernegg, Austria
Institute for Geoinformation & Cartography27th – 28th June 2005
Florian TwarochDepartment of Geoinformation and Cartography, TU Vienna
MotivationMotivation BackgroundBackground HypothesisHypothesis MethodMethod ConclusionConclusion
Overview
● Motivation● Background - Literature● Hypothesis● Methodology
– How to organize knowledge of the world– How to change the knowledge
● Conclusions
Florian TwarochDepartment of Geoinformation and Cartography, TU Vienna
Motivation BackgroundBackgroundBackgroundBackground Hypothesis Method Conclusion
Example for experiment
● Hidden object experiments [Baillargeon 2003]
– Confront child with real and „magic“ event
– Independent observer records
● Reaction time
● Reaction behavior
● Preferential looking studies
● Predictive action studies
http://www.psych.uiuc.edu/~rbaillar/ICL/welcome.html
Florian TwarochDepartment of Geoinformation and Cartography, TU Vienna
Motivation BackgroundBackgroundBackgroundBackground Hypothesis Method Conclusion
Developmental Psychology & AI
(Mareschal 2001)
Nativism Empiricism
symbolic
sub-symbolic
Florian TwarochDepartment of Geoinformation and Cartography, TU Vienna
Motivation BackgroundBackgroundBackgroundBackground Hypothesis Method Conclusion
Theory Theory
● Theory theory: “Infants learn about the world by forming and revising theories. Their conceptual development is theory formation and change, their semantic development is theory dependent.”
● Development is driven by three forces
– Innate knowledge– Powerful learning abilities– Unconcious tuition from adults
(Meltzoff & Gopnik 2002)
Florian TwarochDepartment of Geoinformation and Cartography, TU Vienna
Motivation Background HypothesisHypothesisHypothesisHypothesis Method Conclusion
Hypothesis
Theories of space can be described by a set of axioms. It is possible to revise such a theory by adding, deleting or exchanging axioms.
Florian TwarochDepartment of Geoinformation and Cartography, TU Vienna
Motivation Background Hypothesis MethodMethodMethodMethod Conclusion
Florian TwarochDepartment of Geoinformation and Cartography, TU Vienna
Motivation Background Hypothesis MethodMethodMethodMethod Conclusion
Graphical Models
● Graphical models are graphs in which nodes represent random variables.
● A Bayesian Network is kind of directed graphical model , which takes into account the directionality of the arcs. (arrows between nodes)
● Advantage of a directed graphical model is that one can regard an arc from A to B as indicating that A ``causes'' B..
● Models how beliefs change in the light of new evidence
A B
Florian TwarochDepartment of Geoinformation and Cartography, TU Vienna
Motivation Background Hypothesis MethodMethodMethodMethod Conclusion
Stochastic Modelling
● P1(sunrise) = 0.5 P1(no sunrise) = 0.5● P2(sunrise) = 0.66 P2(no sunrise) = 0.33● P100(sunrise) = 0.98 P100(no sunrise) = 0.02
Florian TwarochDepartment of Geoinformation and Cartography, TU Vienna
Motivation Background Hypothesis MethodMethodMethodMethod Conclusion
Florian TwarochDepartment of Geoinformation and Cartography, TU Vienna
Motivation Background Hypothesis MethodMethodMethodMethod Conclusion
Florian TwarochDepartment of Geoinformation and Cartography, TU Vienna
Motivation Background Hypothesis MethodMethodMethodMethod Conclusion
Florian TwarochDepartment of Geoinformation and Cartography, TU Vienna
Motivation Background Hypothesis Method ConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusion
Conclusion
● The big question is how to connect the simple parts of object ontologies.
● Stochastic methods are a step towards linking them.
● Agent based simulations help to get sound theories in developmental psychology.
● Psychology serves as an input for new computational models in other disciplinces.
Florian TwarochDepartment of Geoinformation and Cartography, TU Vienna
Motivation Background Hypothesis Method ConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusion
To be continued …To be continued …
Florian TwarochDepartment of Geoinformation and Cartography, TU Vienna
Motivation Background Hypothesis Method ConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusion
Florian TwarochDepartment of Geoinformation and Cartography, TU Vienna
Motivation Background Hypothesis Method ConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusion
Agent Based Approach
● Modular: A modular agent that observes a simple toy world.
● Hierarchical: The agents knowledge is structured hierarchically.
● Dynamic: Exchange of Axioms leads to new knowledge.
● Action driven: The acting of the agent in the world elicits changes in the model.
Florian TwarochDepartment of Geoinformation and Cartography, TU Vienna
Motivation Background Hypothesis Method ConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusion
Concepts of the world
