“DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF MULTI-POINT

DRILLING FIXTURE ”

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by D.SHRI BALAJI 31108114087 K.S.SHYAM SUNDAR 31108114088 VIJETA BASUMATARY 31108114107

In partial fulfilment for the award of the degree

Of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING

IN

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

KCG COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY, KARAPAKKAM

ANNA UNIVERSITY: CHENNAI 600 025 APRIL 2011

ANNA UNIVERSITY: CHENNAI 600 025

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this project report “DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF

MULTI-POINT DRILLING FIXTURE”is the bonafide work of

“D.SHRIBALAJI ,K.S.SHYAM SUNDAR and VIJETA BASUMATARY”

who carried out the project work under my supervision.

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

Prof. G.MAIKANDAN Mr. K.BALASUNDARAM HEAD OF THE DEPARTMEN PROJECT GUIDE Professor, Lecturer, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Dept. of Mechanical Engineering K.C.G. College of Technology K.C.G. College of Technology Karapakkam, Chennai-600097. Karapakkam, Chennai-600097.

________________________________________________________________

Internal Examiner: External Examiner:

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We would like to express our sincere and heartfelt gratitude to our guide

Mr.A.Venkatesan , Lecturer, Department of Mechanical Engineering , KCG

college of technology, for being patience and valuable guidance.

We are very thankful to our head of the mechanical department

Prof G.Maikandan for donating his valuable information for the out coming

of this project.

We would also like to thank Dr.V.Edwin geo Senior Lecturer &

S.Senthil raja Senior Lecturer for giving high co-ordination and

encouragement throughout this project and also spending all precious time for

us.

With deep feeling of indebtedness we owe many special and heartful thanks

to all staff members for their complete co-operation, help and suggestion.

DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF MULTI-POINT DRILLING FIXTURE

ABSTRACT

Our project is based on the need for the work holding devices. This design and fabrication

which will enable the operation of drilling easier. Our project is mainly composed of design

and fabrication of the “SPRING INDEXING MECHANISM” which cover the absolute

design to the specified dimensions of the work piece. This drilling fixture is economical

means to produce

OUR PROJECT HAVE THE FOLLOWING OBJECTIVES

1. To make multiple holes on the work-piece .

2. Fixture is a source which holds the job strong and firm.

3. It eliminates the need for marking on the job.

4. These are light weight these can be used either by fastening them with the table

or holding them in hands.

5. Even an unskilled technician can use them.

6. With these features, we sincerely hope that our project serve as a valuable

project. We welcome the correction, comments based on our project.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE NO

NO

ABSTRACT 4

LIST OF TABLES 8

LIST OF FIGURES 9

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 General 1

1.2 Definitions 2

1.3 Difference between jigs

And fixtures 3

1.4 Advantages 4

1.5 Essential features 5

1.6 General rules for designing of

Jigs 7

1.7 Factors to be considered for

Design of jigs 9

1.8 Tolerance and fits 14

1.9 Material for bushes 15

1.10 Types of bushes 15

1.11 Elements of jigs 16

1.12 Types of jigs 17

2 DESIGN CALCULATIONS

2.1 Selection of bush 18

2.2 Supporting blocks 19

2.3 Design of Angle plate jig 19

3 FABRICATION OF ANGLE PLATE JIG

3.1 Machining operations 22

3.2 Further operations 25 4 COST ESTIMATION

4.1 Material cost 26

4.2 Machining cost 27

4.3 Over heads 27

4.4 Total cost 27

5 ADVANTAGES 28

6 LIMITATIONS 42

7 DRAWINGS

5.1 Assembled drawings 29

5.2 Part drawings 30

8 CONCLUSION 37

9 PHOTOGRAPHY 38

10 REFERENCES 38

LIST OF TABLES

NO . DESCRIPTION PAGE NO

Table 1 Difference between jigs and fixture 3

Table 2 Bill of materials 20

Table 3 Material cost 31

Table 4 Machining cost 32

LIST OF FIGURES

NO. DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.

Fig 1 Top, front and side views of the fixture 34

Fig 2 Cut section of the fixture 35

Fig 3 Part drawings 36

INTRODUCTION

1.1.GENERAL

Drilling jigs are used to machine holes in mechanical

products. To obtain positional accuracy of the holes, hardened

drill bushes or jig bushes are used to locate and guide the drill,

reamers etc., in relation to the work piece. These guide bushes

are not essential but these prove to be economical and

technically desirable as will be discussed ahead. The portion of

the jig into which the hardened bushes are fitted is called

bushes.

Drilling jigs are either clamped to the work piece in

which holes are to drill on the work piece is housed and

clamped in the jig body. If more than one hole is to be drilled,

the drill jig made to slide on the table of the drilling machine.

Such a drill jig is moved by hand into the position under the

drill so that the drill readily enters the bush. During the drilling

operation, the jig is held by hand. If the drill size is large

enough to produce high torque, either stops should be provided

or the drill jig clamped to the table on the drilling machine.

Drilling jigs makes feasible the drilling of holes at

higher speeds, with greater accuracy and with less skilled

workers than is possible when the holes are laid out and drilled

“by hand”. Also, they produced interchangeable parts, because

each parts drilled in a drilling jigs should have the same hole

pattern as every other part.

1.2 DEFINITIONS

1.2.1 FIXTURES:

A fixture is a work holding device, which only holds

and positioned the work, but does not itself guide, locate or

positioning the cutting tool. The setting of the tool is done by

machine adjustment and a setting block or by using slip gauges.

A fixture is bolted or clamped to the machine table. It is usually

heavy in construction.

1.2.2 JIGS:

A jig may be defined as a device which hold and

positions the work, locate or and guides the cutting tool relative

to the work piece and usually is not fixed to the machine table.

It is usually lighter in construction.

Jigs are designed to hold, support and locate the work

piece to ensure that each part is machine within the specified

tolerance. Jigs are usually fitted with hardened steel bushes for

other cutting tools.

1.3. THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FIXTURES & JIGS

Table 1

FIXTURES JIGS

It is a work holding device

that holds supports and

locates the work piece and

does not guides the tool

for specific operation

It is a work holding device

that holds, supports , locates

the work piece and guides

cutting tool for a specific

operation.

The fixture should be

securely clamped to the

table of the machine upon

which the work is done.

Jigs are not clamped to the

drill press table unless

large diameter to be drilled

and there is a necessary to

bring one each bush

directly under drill.

Fixtures are special tools

used particularly in

machine, planner, shapers

and slotting machine.

The jigs are the special

tools particularly in

drilling, reaming, tapping

and boring operation.

Gauge blocks may be

provided for effective

Gauge blocks are not

necessary.

handling. 1.4 ADVANTAGES OF FIXTURES

PRODUCTIVITY

A fixture increases the productivity by eliminating the

individual marking, positioning and frequent checking. The

operation time is also reduced due to increase in speed, feed and

depth of cut because of high clamping rigidity.

INTERCHANGEABILITY AND QUALITY

A fixture facilitates the production of articles in large

quantities with high degree of accuracy, uniform quality and

interchangeability at a competitive cost.

SKILL REDUCTION

There is no need for skillful setting of work on tool. Fixture

makes possible to employ unskilled or semi skilled machine

operator to make saving in labors cost.

COST REDUCTION

Higher production, reduction in scrap, easy assembly and

saving in labor cost results in ultimate reduction in unit cost.

It increases the versatility of machine tool.

It becomes possible to accommodate several components at

setting and thus taking advantages of multiple machining.

Fixture reduce the expenditures on quality control of machine

Parts.

1.5 ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF FIXTURES

Reduction of idle time:

The design of fixtures should be such that the

process of loading and unloading the components takes the

minimum possible time and enables on easy locations and

clamping should be such that idle time is reduced to minimum.

Replaceable parts:

The locating and supporting surface, as far as

possible should be replaceable that is not permanently fastened.

When worn out, they may be replaced by new ones. Moreover,

they should be standardized so that there is interchangeable

manufacture is possible.

Hardened surface:

All locating and supporting surfaces should be of

hardened materials as far as conditions permit, so that they dont

quickly worn out and their accuracy is retained for a long time.

Inserts or pads:

It is a very necessary provision in all fixtures.

Inserts or pads of the soft materials like brass, leathers or fibers

should be riveted to those faces of the clamps which will come

in contact with the finished surface of the work piece, so that

these surfaces are not spoiled as a result of the metallic contact.

Fool-proofing:

Since the use of fixtures allows for the

employment of unskilled worker, the design of such equipment

should be such that it would not to permit the work piece or the

tool be inserted in any position other than the correct one.

Economic soundness:

The equipment to be used should be

economically sound that is the cost of its designing and the

manufacturing should be proportion to the quantity and price of

the producer.

Easy manipulation:

The fixtures should be as light in weight as

possible and should be easy to handle and manipulate so that the

workman is not subjected to under fatigue.

Position of clamps:

The clamps should be so positioned that clamping

occurs directly above the points supporting the work piece so as

to avoid distortion and springing of the work, which otherwise

will result is an inaccurate work. Moreover the clamps should

be strong enough to resist bending under clamping pressure.

Clearance:

Sufficient amount of clearance should be provided

around the work in around the operator’s hands could easily

enter the body for placing the work piece and any variation in

the work piece can be accommodated.

Rigidity & Stability:

The fixtures should be so designed that it remains

perfectly rigid and stable during the operation. If needed,

provision should be made for proper positioning and rigidly

holding the fixtures on the machine table or spindle by means of

bolts and nuts and similar others means.

Safety:

The design of jig should be such that it should not

constitute any anger to the operator.

1.6 GENERAL RULES FOR DESIGNING JIGS:

The following rules may be given as the main points to be

considered in the designing of jigs:

Before planning the design of a tool, compare the cost of

production of the work with present tools with the expected cost

of production, using the tool to made, and see that the cost of

building is not in excess of expected of gain.

Before laying out the jigs, decide upon the locating point and

outlining a clamping arrangement.

Make all clamping and binding devices as quick as possible.

In selecting locating points, see that two components parts of a

machine can be located from corresponding points and surfaces.

Make the jig “fool-proof”; that is, arrange it so that the work

cannot be inserted except in the correct way.

For rough casting, make some of the locating points adjustable.

Locate clamps so that they will be in the best position to resist

the

pressure of the cutting tool when at work.

Avoid complicated clamping at arrangement, which are liable to

wear or get out of order.

Round all corners.

Place all clamps as near as possible opposite some bearing point

of the work to avoid springing.

Core out all unnecessary metal, making the tool as light as

possible, consistence with rigidity and stiffness.

Provide feet, preferable four, opposite all surfaces containing

guide busing in drilling and boring the jigs.

Place all bushings inside of the geometrical figure formed by

connecting the point of location of the feet.

Provide holes on escapes for the chips.

Provide clamping lugs, located so as to prevent springing of the

fixture, on all tools, which must be held to the table of the

machine while in use, and tongues for the slots in the tables in

all milling.

1.7 FACTORS TO BE CONSIDER FOR DESIGN OF JIGS

Component:

The design of the component has to be studied carefully and

ensure that the work is being performed in proper sequence.

As far as possible, the maximum number of operation should

be performed on machine in single setting.

Capacity of the machine:

The type and capacity of the machine on which the

operation is to performed needs careful consideration.

Production requirement:

Design of equipment should be made on basis of actual

production requirement. This leads to decision for use of

manual, semi automatic tolling arrangement.

Location:

a) Location refers to dimensional and positional relation

ship between the work piece and the cutting tool used on

machine.

b) The locator should ensure equal distribution of clamping

force throughout all sequence of operation. The locater

should be easily removable.

c) Location should be hardened, wear resistance and should

have high degree of accuracy.

d) Location is one that ensures that the movement of work

piece should be restricted.

e) Locator should be fool proofed to avoid improper

location of work piece in the machine table.

f) Location system should facilitate easy and quick loading

of work piece, it should be effect motion economy.

g) Redundant locators should be avoided.

h) Adjustable support may be placed with respect to the

shape, strength and size of the w work piece.

i) Sharp corners in the locating surface must be avoided.

j) At least one datum surface must be established.

Loading and unloading arrangements

a) There should be adequate clearance for loading and

unloading. Hence easy and quick loading and unloading

is possible.

b) The manipulators of work piece can be performed, only if

there is a clearance.

c) Size variation must be accepted.

d) It should be hardened material and non-sticky.

Clamping arrangements:

a) Quick-acting clamps must be used as far as possible.

b) The clamping should not cause any deformation of work

piece.

c) The clamping should be always arranged directly above

the points supporting works.

d) The clamping and adjustment be only on the side of w

work piece.

e) The power clamps exerts high clamping pressure and

suitable for gripping heavy work piece.

Clearance between the jigs and the component:

a) It is necessary to leave sufficient clearance between jig and

body and the component to accommodate variables sizes of

work, which are manufactured either by casting or forging.

b) Clearance is also needed for chips to pass out through the

opening between the components and the jig.

c) Swarf clearance is partially important in small jigs. Sharp

corner must be avoided as swarf has tendency to accumulate

there.

Base or Body construction

The body and base of jigs are manufactured by any one of the

following methods.

a. Machining

b. Forging and then machining

c. Casting

d. Fabrication

e. Welding

Frame construction procedure

a. All the parts can be completely machined before

assembly

b. Worn out parts can be easily replaced

c. Screw serve only to hold the components together

d. The dowels serve to hold the parts in alignment

e. Minimum of one screw and two dowels must be used.

f. Dowel should be located as apart as possible to the best

alignment.

Welded construction

a. Weld construction is used in drill jig.

b. Welded jig must be stress relieved.

c. Faster to weld the components together

Toll guiding and cutter setting:

By adjusting the machine or using cutter-setting block. The drill

bushes fitted on jig plates guides the tools. There are 3 types of

jig bushes.

i.Press fit wearing bushings

a) Plain type- used in permanent press fit installation –light

loads

b) Head type- permanent press fit installations. With stand

heavy axial loads.

ii.Renewable wearing bushing:

a. Slip type – used when frequent change in bushing to perform

more

than one operation in a hole like drilling.

b) Fixed type – used at long production runs and also for single

production runs.

iii.Liner bushing- Also called master bushing

- No head arrangement.

iv.Screw bushing- Used when there is necessary of bushing to

hold the work piece as well as guide the tool

Rigidity and vibration:

Jigs must process enough rigidity.

Jigs should not vibrate. Vibration may lead to unwanted

movement of work piece and tool.

Safety device:

Jigs designed to assure full safety to the operation. Protruding

sharp edges should be avoided.

Cost:

All components should be simple as possible. The initial

investment required to design and built the jig should be

optimum.

1.8 TOLERANCE AND ERROR ANALYSIS

Limits and fits:

The largest and smallest dimensions of shaft or hole are

called as high and low limits. The difference b\w this limit, the

permissible variation is called as tolerance. If the tolerance is

allowed only on one side of the nominal dimension it is called

unilateral.

Classification of fits:

1. Running fit:

This provides for easy rotation as well as axial movement

of shaft in holes. It is used for bearing diameter of rotating

shaft. Locaters in production devices are made running fit with

w\p for quick loading and unloading.

2. Push fit:

This fit requires light hand pressure on tapping for

assembly of mating parts. It is used mainly for precise assembly

of replaceable locaters in jigs.

3. Press fit:

The mating parts must be assembled by hammering or by a

press. There is a positive inference b\w the hole and shaft. This

prevent rotary as well as axial movement b\w the assembled

parts. Hence press fit is used widely for assembly of drill bushes

(outside diameter) and locaters, which are rarely replaced.

4. Force fit:

It is used for permanent assemblies wheels and hubs of

shafts, force fit parts require heavy pressure for assembly.

1.9 General materials for drill bushes:

Drill bushes are made from quality case hardened steel or

tool steel. They can also be made of mild steel, which is

carburized to give a sufficient case depth. After hardening, the

drill bushes are ground, the bore and outside diameter being

ground concentric. The bore of the bush is sometimes lapped to

give good finish and a fin running fit with the tool.

1.10 Types of drill bushes:

1. Press fit bushes

a. Headless or plain bush

b. Headed or flanged bush

c. Headed collared press fit bush

2. Renewable bushes

a. Fixed bushes

b. Slip bushes

3. Liner bushes

4. Threaded bushes

5. Screw or clamping bush

1.11Elements of jigs

i.Jig body:

The jig body supports the work piece and has locating and

clamping elements in it. It is provide with four jig feet and rests on

the machine table.

ii.Jig feet:

A jig feet which is not bolted to machine tool is provide with

four jig feet, instead of the entire bottom surface lying flat on the

machine table. Jig feet are either cast with the jig body or

detachable or welded to the base.

They are usually hardened and ground to have flat bottom.

iii.Jig bushing:

For guiding drills, reamer and boring bars, hardened steel

bushes are employed which are fixed in the jig plates. The bushes

can replaced when worn-out with less cost than replacing entire jig

plates.

iv.Jig plate or bush plate:

Usually the jig plate carries jig bush for guiding the tool. The

jig plate may be rigidly construed as a single unit of a jig or it may

be of leaf.

In this type, the plate must be clamped with the jig frame.

v.Locaters:

Locaters help a work piece to resist in proper position in a

jig. Depending on the type of work piece. Various types of locators

are used for locating components. In the jig with reference to the

tool. The locators are usually detachable type, fixed to the jig

frame. So whenever wear occurs, the locators are replaced new

ones.

vi.Clamps:

Clamps are used for holding the work piece rigidly against all

disturbing forces. They also keep the work piece firmly in locating

pins of surfaces.

Sufficient thickness of section should be provided to with standing

clamping forces.

vii.Fool proof element:

These elements prevent the work from being loaded wrongly

loaded into the jig. The elements may be simple tousling pegs,

cross pins or pins.

2.1.FABRICATION OF DRILL JIG

1. SELECTION OF JIG

An angle plate jig is to be selected for making

straight hole on the cylindrical rod. Number of the hole 1.

2. SELECTION OF BUSH

Press fit is preferred, therefore select fixed bush with

hole range diameter 8mm.

Generally the out side diameter of the bush will be push fit or press fit

and inner hole will be running fit.

Select bush of fixed type DDB; 5.100

The dia meter to be drill the work piece is=10mm

For 10mm diameter,

As per design norms bush(Short)dimensions

L1=12mm

L2= 8mm

D3=20mm

But in our project bush dimension is

L1=25mm

L2= 20mm

D3=25mm

3. SLECTION OF LOCATERS:

For side location, pin locater is to be fabricated to the work piece.

Locater diameter is 24 mm that is equal to inner diameter work piece.

3. SELECTION OF JIG BODY

Thickness of frame t =10mm

Base length = 3 x Length of work piece

= 3 x 70 =210

But in our project our base length is designed =200mm

Working height h2 = 2 x outer diameter of work piece

= 2x 40 =80

Total Height of jig ht = 2t + h2

= (2 x 10 + 80)

= 100

But in our project total height =180mm

2.2. DESIGN PROCEDURE OF THE DRILL JIG

Dimension of the jig components:

1. Base plate of the jig = 200 x 150 mm

2. Thickness of the base plate = 10mm

3 Vertical jig plate length &Breadth, Width = 155x80x10mm

4. Top jig plate length & breadth, width = 100 x80 x12

5 .Locater outer diameter = Ø 25x100

Dimension of the Job:

1. Outer Diameter of the job =40.00mm

2. Inner diameter of the job =24.5

3. Required dia of the drill=10mm(No1)

DESIGN ASPECTS

Properties of Mild steel

Physical property:

Density - 7860 Kg/m3

Melting point - 1427˚c

Thermal conductivity – 63

Carbon content:

Low Carbon (or) Mild steel – 0.15% to 0.45% carbon

Mechanical property:

Elasticity

Ductility

Toughness

Weld ability

In our design, pin locator have a main part hence the calculations are

concentrated on it.

Design for Screw (Bolt):

Size of the screw (bolt) = M24

Pitch = 2.5mm (P.S.G. pg: 5.42)

For coarse thread dc = 0.84 *d

= 0.84*24

dc = 20.16 mm

Stress area = 245 mm2

Initial tension in bolt P1 = 2860d

= 2860*24

= 68640 N

But this, P1 =∏/4 * dc2 * ft

Tensile stress, ft = P1 / ∏/4 * dc2

= 68640 /∏/4 * 20.162

ft = 215.03 N/ mm2

As the pin is double shear,

P1 =2* ∏/4 * dc2 * ft

68640 = 2* ∏/4 *20.162 * ft

ft =68640*4 / 2 * ∏ *20.162

= 107.51 N/ mm2

Shear stress (fs):

As the pin is double shearZ

P = 2* ∏/4 * dc2 * fs

Shear stress = load / area

= 68640 / ∏/4 * 242

= 72.07 N/ mm2

Shear stress is lower than the tensile stress. Therefore, the design is safe.

Tensile stress> Shear stress There fore design is safe

2.3.Types of fixtures:

a. Template jig

b. Plate jig

c. Channel jig

d. Leaf jig

e. Pot jig

f. Turnover jig or table jig

g. Box jig or tumble jig

h. Trunion jig

i. Indexing jig

j. Post jig

k. Sandwich jig

l. Nut cracker jig

m. Pump or universal jig

n. Latch jig

3. FABRICATION OF MULTI-POINT DRILLING FIXTURE

There are few types of fabrication methods that are employed in

fabricating this fixture .

They are,

1. Shaping

2. Drilling

3. Tapping

4. Grinding

5. Boring

6. Grooving

FURTHER OPERATION

Cleaning

Assembling

3.1 MACHINING OPERATIONS

3.1.1. Shaping

Shaping operation is used to reduce the dimensions of the

plates. In this project the plates are in need of shaping process.

It is done by shaping machine.

3.1.2. Drilling

Drilling is used to produce holes in objects. In this project

the jig plates requires the holes for making bolted assembly.

Also to fitting the bushes holes are required. These holes are

done by conventional vertical type drilling machine.

3.1.3. Tapping

Internal threading operation is used to produce threads inside

the hole. It is also called as tapping process. In this project the

holes except the holes for bushes are required tapping process.

This is done for the purpose of holding the supporting block and

making the jig box by bolt assembly.

3.1.4. Fine grinding

It is nothing but the grinding process, which is done as

smooth with fine grains. This is done as the each plate and

flanges for good surface finish. It is done by conventional

grinding machine.

3.1.5. Boring

Boring is the process which is used to make material

removal internally. In this project it is used to boring on the two

cover plates to hold the l-bow with flange. Through bores are

also produced on the two cover plates. This is done by using

lathe.

3.1.6. Grooving

It is used in this project to make the groove on the both

sides of top cover plate. This is done by conventional lathe.

3.2. FURTHER OPERATIONS

Cleaning

It is the operation to clean the all machined parts without burrs,

dust and chip formals. By meaning the parts they are brightened

and good-looking.

Assembling

It is the operation, which deals with the assembling of various

parts produced by above operations.

BILL OF MATERIALS:

Table 2

4. COST ESTIMATION

4.1 MATRIAL COST:

Table 4

S.NO COMPONENTS QUANTITY COST

1 Bush 2 200

2 Bush holder 1 400

3 Work-piece clamping

holder 1 300

4 Pad 1 200

5 Adjustable Mandrel 1 200

6 Spring plunger 1 100

Total 1400

4.2 MACHINING COST:

Table 5

SL. NO. PART NAME MATERIAL QUANTITY

1 Bush EN8 2

2 Bush holder Mild steel 1

3 Work-piece

clamping holder Mild steel 1

4 Pad Mild steel 1

5 Adjustable

Mandrel Mild steel 1

6 Spring plunger Mild steel 1

S.NO MACHINING OPERATION COST

1 SHAPING WORK Rs 600

2 LATHE WORK Rs 800

3 DRILL WORK Rs 500

4 TAPPING WORK Rs 350

5 SLOTTING WORK Rs 200

TOTAL Rs 2450

4.3 OVER HEADS:

MACHINING COST = Rs 2450

TRANSPORTATION COST = Rs 400

____________

TOTAL = Rs 2850

____________

4.4 TOTAL COST:

MATERIAL COST = Rs 1400

LABOUR COST = Rs 2850

OVER HEADS = Rs 400

______________

TOTAL = Rs 4650

______________

5. ADVANTAGES:

It eliminates the individual marking, positioning and

frequent checking.

The operation time is reduced due to increase in speed, feed

and depth of cut because of high clamping rigidity.

It is very much useful in mass production.

It makes possible to employ unskilled or semi skilled

operator to make savings in labour cost.

It reduces the expenditures on quality control of machine

parts.

6. LIMITATIONS:

It is restricted to objects of certain diameter only.

Forces causing deflection may come from handling.

CONCLUSION & SUGGESTION:

This report deals with the design and fabrication of multi-point drilling fixture and

the detailed drawing of the components and assembly. The project carried out by us

made an impressing task in drilling works. It is very useful in industries for mass

production of identical parts.

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Design of jigs, fixtures and press tools by Venkataraman

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