Fixed Prosthodontics

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The Glossary of Prosthodontics Abrasive: a substance used for abrading, smoothing or polishing.

1. Tending to abrade. 2. Causing irritation.

Abutment: that part of a structure that directly receives thrust or pressure of a tooth; that portion of dental implant that serves to support and/or retain a prosthesis. Adaptation: the degree of fit between a prosthesis & supporting structures. Adhesive: sticky. Adjustment:

1. The act or process of modifying physical parts. 2. A modification made on a dental prosthesis or natural teeth to

enhance fit, function or acceptance by patient. Alloy: a mixture of two or more metals or metalloids which are mutually soluble in the molten state, e.g. gold, silver, nickel chrome, & chrome cobalt alloys. Anatomic Crown: the portion of the natural tooth that extends coronally from the cementoenamel junction. Artificial Crown: a metal, plastic or ceramic restoration that covers three, or more, axial surfaces & the occlusal surface, or incisal edge, of a tooth. Aseptic: free from infection; the prevention of contact with microorganisms. Asymmetry: absence or lack of symmetry or balance; dissimilarity in corresponding parts or organs on opposite side of the body. Attachment: a mechanical device fixation, retention & stabilization of a prosthesis, e.g. intracoronal* & extracoronal attachments.

1. Female (Matrix). 2. Male (Patrix).

Attrition: the act of wearing or grinding down by friction. Axial Contour: the shape of a body that is in its long axis. Axial Reduction: the amount of tooth removed (alteration preparation) along its long axis. Axis of Preparation: the planned path line of placement & removal of a dental restoration. Bevel: a slanting edge for tooth preparation. Bite: the act of incising or crashing between the teeth, e.g. bite-block, bite guard, bite plane, open bite, closed bite, deep bite & cross bite. Bridge: fixed dental prosthesis. Bruxism: the parafunctional grinding of teeth.

* As the name suggests, a matrix component part housed within the coronal tissue of the abutment tooth.

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Bur: a steel or tungsten carbide rotary cutting instrument. CAD-CAM: acronym for "Computer Aided Design" – "Computer Aided Manufacturer" or "Computer Assisted Machining". Cantilever Bridge: a fixed dental prosthesis in which the pontic is cantilevered; retained & supported on only one end by one or more abutments. Cast: a life-size likeness of some desired form. It is formed within or is a material poured into a matrix or impression of the desired form. Casting: the act of forming an object in a mold. Cement: to unite or make firm as if by cement; to lute. Clasp Arm: the part of a removable dental prosthesis around the tooth for retention & stabilization, e.g. Naly clasp & wrought clasp. Clinical Crown: the portion of a tooth that extends from the occlusal table, or incisal edge, to the gingival margin. Complete Crown: a restoration that covers all the coronal tooth surfaces. Complete Denture: a removable dental prosthesis that replaces the entire dentition. Contact Surface: the region on the proximal surface of a tooth that touches the adjacent tooth. Convergence Angle:

1. The taper of the crown preparation. 2. The angle, measured in degrees, formed between opposing axial

walls when a tooth is prepared for a crown. Coping: a thin covering; furnishing with a cop. Core: the centre or base of a structure. Coronal: pertaining to the crown of a tooth. Crest: the most coronal portion of the alveolar process. Crown: to place on the head; to place a crown on a tooth or dental implant. Custom Tray: an individualized impression tray made from a cast recovered from a preliminary impression. It's used to make a final impression. Dental Arch: the composite structure of the natural teeth & alveolar bone. Dental Articulation: the contact relationship of maxillary & mandibular teeth as they move against each other. Dental Esthetics: the application of the principles of esthetics to the natural or artificial teeth & restorations. Dental Implant: a prosthetic device made of alloplastic materials implanted into the oral tissues. Dove-Tail: a widened portion of a prepared cavity used to increase retention and/or resistance.

Fixed Prosthodontics

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Dowel Pin: a metal or plastic pin used in stone casts to remove die sections & replace them accurately in the original position. Die: the positive reproduction of the form of a prepared tooth in any suitable substance. Die Spaces: an agent applied to a die to provide space for the luting agent in the finishing casting. Edge-to-Edge Articulation: articulation in which the opposing anterior teeth meet along their incisal edges when the teeth are in maximum intercuspation. Elastic Impression Material: Embrasure: the space defined by surfaces of two adjacent teeth. There are four embrasure spaces associated with each proximal contact area: "occlusal/incisal, buccal, lingual & gingival". Ferrule: a metal band or ring used to fit the root or crown of a tooth. Finish Line: the terminal portion of the prepared tooth, e.g. chamfer, shoulder, beveled shoulder, feather edge…etc Fit: to adjust to the correct size or shape; to adapt one structure to another. Free Gingiva: the part of the gingiva that surrounds the tooth and is not directly attached to the tooth surface. Full Denture: complete denture. Full Veneer Crown: complete crown. Horizontal Overlap: the projection of teeth beyond their antagonists in the horizontal plane. Immediate Denture: any removable dental prosthesis fabricated for placement immediately following the removal of natural tooth. Implant: any object or material, such as alloplastic substance, which is partially or completely inserted or grafted into the body for therapy, e.g. implantology. Impression: a negative copy in reverse of the surface of an object. Impression Material: any substance used for making an impression or negative production. Impression Tray: a device that is used to carry, confine & control impression material while making an impression. Inlay: a fixed intracoronal restoration which is then luted into the tooth. Insertion: placement. Interference: any tooth contact that interferes with, or hinds, harmonious mandibular movement. Investing: the process of covering or enveloping with investment.

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Irreversible Hydrocolloids: e.g. alginate, dental alginate (sol. of alginic acid). Jacket Crown: full crown with shoulder finishing line, e.g. ceramic & resins crowns. Kennedy Classification: § Class I: a bilateral edentulous area located posterior to the

remaining natural teeth. § Class II: a unilateral edentulous area located posterior to the

remaining natural teeth. § Class III: a unilateral edentulous area with natural teeth located

both anterior & posterior to it. § Class IV: a single bilateral edentulous area located anterior to the

remaining natural teeth, in addition to the modification spaces. Long Axis: a theoretical line passing lengthwise through the centre of a body (longitudinal axis). Median Line: the centre line dividing a body into the right & left. Mesial Drift: movement of teeth toward the midline. Metal Ceramic Restoration: porcelain fused to metal restoration. Metal Collar: a narrow band of highly polished metal immediately adjacent to the facial/buccal margin on a metal ceramic restoration. Non-Working-Side: the side of the mandible that moves towards the median line in a lateral excursion. Occlusal Adjustment: any alteration of the occluding surfaces of the teeth or restoration (occlusal correction). Occlusal Analysis: an examination of the occlusion in which the interocclusal relations of mounted casts are evaluated. Occlusal Device: any removable artificial occlusal surface, used for diagnosis or therapy, affecting the relationship of the mandible to the maxilla (for occlusal equilibration). Occlusal Vertical Dimension: the distance measured between two points when the occluding members are in contact.

Rest Vertical Dimension Onlay: a restoration that restores one or more cusps & adjoining occlusal surfaces or entire occlusal surface, and is retained by mechanical or adhesive means.

Fixed Prosthodontics

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Opaque: the property of the material that absorbs and/or reflects all light & prevents any transmission of light, e.g. opaque dentin & opaque porcelain. Overbite: vertical overlap. Over Denture: any removable dental prosthesis that covers telescopic denture & rests on one, or more, remaining natural teeth, the roots of natural teeth and/or dental implants. Overjet: horizontal overlap. Partial Denture: a removable dental prosthesis or a fixed dental prosthesis that restores one or more, but not all, the natural teeth. Partial Veneer Crown: a restoration that restores all but one coronal surface of a tooth, usually not covering the facial surface. Path of Placement: the specific direction in which a prosthesis is placed on the abutment teeth or dental implant. Path of Withdrawal: path of displacement. Pattern: a form that is used to make a mold. Pier: an intermediate abutment for fixed dental prosthesis. Pin: a small cylindrical piece of metal. Pinhole: a tooth preparation feature used to provide retention & resistance to displacement (in the dentin). Pinledge: a partial veneer retains preparation with pinholes. Pontic: an artificial tooth on a fixed dental prosthesis that replaces a missing natural tooth. Porcelain Jacket Crown: all ceramic restoration. Porcelain Laminate Veneer: a thin bonded ceramic restoration that restores the facial surface & part of the proximal surfaces of teeth requiring esthetic restoration. Porosity: the presence of voids or pores within a structure. Post & Core Crown: a restoration in which the crown & cast post are one unit. Precision Attachment*: patrix= male, matrix= female. Resin Crown: a resin restoration that restores a clinical crown without a metal substance, used as temporary crown. Rest: a projection or attachment, usually on the side of an object seeing cingulum, incisal, lingual, occlusal. Retainer: any type of device used for the stabilization or retention of a prosthesis.

* E.g. magnets, locking bolts, Stud, Zest anchor, Bar, extracoronal, intracoronal & Ceka attachments.

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Sanitary Bridge, Sanitary Pontic or Hygienic Pontic: a pontic that is easier to clean because it has a dome-shaped cervical form and does not overlap the edentulous ridges, there is a space between the pontic & the edentulous area. Secondary Crown: telescopic crown. Shade Guide or shade selection: tooth color selection. Shell Crown: an artificial crown that is adapted like a shell or cap over the remaining clinical crown of a tooth. The space between the tooth & shell is filled with cement. Space of Donders: eponym for the space that lies above the dorsum of the tongue & below the hard & soft palates, while the mandible & tongue are in the rest position. Splint: a rigid or flexible device that maintains in position a displaced or movable pat, to immobilize or support. Splinting: joining of two or more teeth into a rigid unit by means of fixed or removable restorations or devices. Three-Quarter Crown: partial veneer crown. Try-In: trial placement (framework). Undercut: any irregularity in the wall of prepared tooth that prevents the seating or withdrawal of coating of a cross-section portion of a residual ridge or dental arch; that prevents the insertion of a dental prosthesis. Veneer: a thin sheet of material usually used as a finish. Working Side: the side toward which the mandible moves in a lateral excursion. Zirconia Ceramic Post: a ceramic post used in the restoration of endodontically treated teeth, especially when a metal post may compromise esthetics (composite resin used).

Typed By:

Noor Al-Deen M. Al-Khanati