FIVE …States of Matter
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Transcript of FIVE …States of Matter
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FIVE…States of Matter·Solid·Liquid·Gas·Plasma·BEC
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Solids have…
·A definite Shape·A definite Volume
http://phet.colorado.edu/simulations/sims.php?sim=States_of_Matter
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In many solids, the particles are pulled into a rigid, organized structure of repeating patterns called a crystal lattice.
The particles that are contained in the crystal lattice are still moving, but barely — it's more of a slight vibration.
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Amorphous Solids
Some solids do not have a crystalline structure and their molecules are found in a random arrangement.
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Cotton
Glass
Marshmallows
Silly Putty
Chewing Gum
Other Amorphous Solids….
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Liquids Have..
·A Definite Volume
·No Definite Shape… (they take the shape of the container that they are in)
http://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/liquids/character.html
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Viscosity
The resistance of a liquid to flow.
The liquids in this photograph have different levels of viscosity.
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Gases Have…
·No Definite Shape (They take the shape of the container)·No Definite Volume (They can be compressed into very small areas or can fill a room!)
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The 4th State of Matter is Called Plasma
·It consists of matter that is heated so high, that the atom’s electrons are removed. This creates a very highly energized state of matter.·Almost 99% of the universe is made of plasma. All of the sun’s matter is in the plasma state.
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In our everyday lives we very rarely come across
plasma.But, plasma is created as a lightening bolt flashes through the atmosphere.
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There is also a type of plasma inside a fluorescent light or neon
sign.
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PRINCETON PLASMA PHYSICS LAB (NJ) was used until 1997… trying to make plasma to use as energy. There were many problems containing the plasma and achieving such high temperatures.
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BEC…..
In the 1920s, a young Indian Physicist,Satyendranath Bose,conducted experiments with the behavior of photons of light.
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Bose shared his works with Albert Einstein who believed that all matter would behave the same way under extremely cold conditions.
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At temperatures near Absolute Zeroparticles would slow down and act as one.
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This is known as a
CONDENSATE
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BOSE EINSTEIN CONDENSATE
In 1959, scientists were finally able to achieve temperatures near absolute zero and created the new material….known as
‘BEC’