1. Use Rights in Taiwan

• Feng- Chun Ting

20/Mar 2009

CIFM

2. Outline

Introduction

Fishing right system in Taiwan

Case Study

Conclusion

Recommendation

References

3. Introduction to the Marine Geology and History of Taiwan

1.Taiwan under Japanese rule

2.Kuroshio

3.Altitude and latitude

4. Traditional fishing boat

Source:national culture database

5. Kuroshio current

From Philippines to Japan through Taiwan

Source:Wikipedia

6. Terrain

West : Shallow / East : Deep

Source: Google Earth

7. Stone Tidal Weir

Stationary fishing gear (Station Fishery Use Right) Source:Easy Travel Net

8. Oyster Culture

Regional Fishery use right

Source:DCView

9. Fixed fishing net

Stationary fishing gear

(Station Fishery Use Right)

Source:Travel Web

10. Long lining

Special fishery use right: resources are not exclusive

Source:blog.rood.com

11. Agar Weed and Abalone 12. Agar Weed and Abalone

Monopolized fishery use right

Agar Weed can be made to jelly

Abalone was cultured coast platform cave.

13. Fishermen population in Taiwan in 2007 14. Fishing right system in Taiwan

Special

• Resources are shared by other fishermen

Regional

• Divided fishing grounds are re-allocated to fishermen by associations or communities

Monopolized

• Resources are exclusive

Stationary

• Fishing gears are passive and static

15. Quasi-Property

Similar toownershipmay accrue to a party who does an act which benefitssocietyas a whole.

Quasi = almost" or "resembling"

16. The explanation to quasi-property

Transferable

Inheritance

Time-Limit: 3-15 years

Claims on real assets

17. How to own fishery use right?

Apply

• According to the priority

• Priority: Local fishermen > Association > Company

Inheritance

• Directly from parents

Re-apply

• Licenses expire every 15 years

18. Fishermens associations

Exclusive fishery right management authority is held by:

1. fishermens association

• Location-oriented

• Ex.Gong-Liao County Fishermens association

2. fishery product community

• Product-oriented

• Ex.Sea weed collectionand process community

19. Case Study

How would you do if you were a judge when people have conflicts on different use rights?

1.High Sea 2.Use Right Conflict 3.National park 4.Net Cage 20. High sea

No property

Tragedy of commons

Coase Theorem (1991 Economic Nobel Prize)

Use in peace

21. High seas in bright blue

Source: Wikipedia

22. Bigeye tuna

Living in Indian and Atlantic ocean high sea

Source:mesotw.com

23. Fishing on sea weed island

Monopolized right

Recreational fishing

Conflict!

24. National Park

JetSki

Fishing

25. National Park Law

General restricted region

Entertainment region

Reserved historical ruins region

Special landscape region

Reserved ecological region

26. Net Cage

Provide recreational fishing tour

Not very much carbon footprint

Fishing fishes from cage, not wild

27. Assessment:is use right in Taiwan effective?

Fishermens associations control too much power and resources.

Fishermens associations charge a lot amount of management fee.

Far sea fishery is under international pressure.

Licenses time limit maybe too long. It will add difficulty to fishery policy planning.

28.

Should adopt ITQ system

• Far sea tuna fishery

Should evaluate fishermans association

• From community to market-oriented management

Law education to public

• Many people dont know how to resolve use rights conflict.

Conclusion / Recommendation 29. References

, , , 2006

Taiwan National Park Law No.12

Taiwan International Law

Taiwan Fishery Law No.24 / 41 /42

Taiwan Civil Code Law No.767

30. Thank you for your attention!