Fish Project

Project For Aquascience

[12.12.12]

[Shaq Jones]

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:AngelfishScientific Name:Pomacanthidae

Kingdom:Animalia Phylum:Chordata

Class:Actinopterygii Order:Perciformes

Family:Pomacanthidae

Geography / Habitat:Rivers and coral reefsLife Strategy:The triangular shape of the freshwater angelfish, means that the angelfish is able to hide more easily amongst the aquatic plants in the waterFood / Feed Strategy:Fish, Algae, Plankton

● Body Form or Style:The freshwater angelfish has a more triangular shape and will generally only grow to a few inches in length. The marine angelfish can grow up to 12 inches

● Swim / Locomotion Style:● Mouth Position:

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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:butterflyfishScientific Name:Chaetodontidae



Family:Chaetodontidae

Geography / Habitat:Tropical coral reefsLife Strategy:feed during the day rest in coral reefs at nightFood / Feed Strategy:Plankton, Coral, Crustaceans

● Body Form or Style:Elongated nose and bright colours, 4 or 5 inches in length. Some species of the butterfly fish however, are known to grow to 8 inches (20 cm) long and some butterfly fish individuals have been known to grow to 30 cm in length.

● Swim / Locomotion Style:● Mouth Position:elongated nose

Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name: scorpion fishScientific Name:Scorpaenidae


Class:Actinopterygii Order:Scorpaeniformes

Family:Scorpaenidae

Geography / Habitat:Tropical reefs and rocky crevicesLife Strategy:Scorpion fish are nocturnal predators, and spend the daylight hours resting in a hidden crevice in the coralFood / Feed Strategy:Fish, Crabs, Snails

● Body Form or Style:The body of the scorpion fish is often cover in feathery fins that help the scorpion fish to camouflage itself into the surrounding coral. The colours and markings of the scorpion fish are also used to help the scorpion fish to hide.

● Swim / Locomotion Style: Venomous sting and camouflaged body● Mouth Position: wide mouth

Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Clown FishScientific Name:Amphiprioninae



Family:Pomacentridae

Geography / Habitat:Tropical coral reefsLife Strategy: clown fish lay their eggs on a flat surface close to the sea anemone which they inhabit. The female clown fish can lay hundreds or thousands of eggs at one time depending on the species. Clown fish lay their eggs around the same time as a full moon and the male clown fish guards the eggs until they hatch just over a week laterFood / Feed Strategy:Algae, Plankton, Molluscs

● Body Form or Style: Globiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:Labiform● Mouth Position:

Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:LionfishScientific Name:Pterois volitans

Kingdom:Animilia Phylum:Chordata

Class:Actinopterygii Order:Scorpaeniformes

Family:Scorpaenidae

Geography / Habitat:Tropical reefs and rocky crevicesLife Strategy:Although the lionfish is a solitary animal and they only really come together to mate, a few lionfish inhabit a certain area of the reef. The lionfish group usually contains one male lionfish and a few female lionfish that he mates with. The male lionfish is highly territorial and protects the area in which by himself and his females live.Food / Feed Strategy:Fish, Shrimp, Crabs

● Body Form or Style:Deprissiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:ostraciiform● Mouth Position:tubular

Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:DiscusScientific Name:Symphysodon

Kingdom:Anemilia Phylum:Chordata


Family:Cichlidae

Geography / Habitat:Deep, slow-moving watersLife Strategy:Discus are generally mild mannered but are known to become aggressive within their pair bonds, or when defending their young or territory. One common observation from those kept in tanks, is that the Fish at the bottom of the social ladder, can be bullied extensively by groups of Discus higher up the chain, so much in fact that it can lead to death in some cases.Food / Feed Strategy:Insects, Worms, Small fish

● Body Form or Style:Depressorm● Swim / Locomotion Style:Carangiform● Mouth Position:tubular

Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:x-ry tetraScientific Name:pristella

Kingdom:animalia Phylum:chordta

Class:actinopterygii Order:chraciformes

Family:chaacidae

Geography / Habitat:amazon coastal watersLife Strategy:is a schooling species of Fish inhabiting the region between the bottom and middle of the water as a group. They are incredibly peaceful and are often tolerant of the other species that they share their habitats with.Food / Feed Strategy:worms, insects, small crustaceans

● Body Form or Style:compressform● Swim / Locomotion Style:ostracform● Mouth Position:

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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:BarbScientific Name:Barbus Barbus


Class:Actinopterygii Order:Cypriniformes

Family:Cyprinidae

Geography / Habitat:Slow flowing rivers and lagoonsLife Strategy:Due to their aggressive and dominant nature, it is not ideal to keep barbs in artificial tanks with smaller species of tropical fish. At the same time, barb will also hunt medium sized fish if there is a lack of food, and so are best kept on their own (just barbs) or with much larger species of fish.Food / Feed Strategy:Fish, Shrimp, Algae

● Body Form or Style:Gobiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:carangiform● Mouth Position:tubular

Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:silver dollarScientific Name:Metynnis Argenteus


Class:Actinopterygii Order:Characiformes

Family:Characidae

Geography / Habitat:Tropical well-vegetated riversLife Strategy:Silver dollar are generally quite sociable find, spending their lives amongst the weeds in the well-vegetated parts of the river where there is a good supply of food and protection from passing predators. Silver dollar gather together in groups known as shoals. which are able to work together to catch larger prey or to try and intimate hungry predators.Food / Feed Strategy:Bloodworm, Insects, Plants

● Body Form or Style:Deprissiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:otraciiform● Mouth Position:

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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:TangScientific Name:Acanthuridae



Family:Acanthuridae

Geography / Habitat:Shallow tropical coral reefsLife Strategy:Tang are found around shallow coral reefs where there is an abundance of food and plenty of places to hide from approaching predators. The tang is named after the razor-sharp scalpel (also known as tang) at the base of their tails. When the tang feels threatened, it hides in a crevice in the coral or rocks and anchors itself in using this scalpel. The scalpel at the base of the tang's tail can also be used to defend itself if it is caught.Food / Feed Strategy:Algae, Fish, Plankton

● Body Form or Style:Depressiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:ostraiiform● Mouth Position:tubalar

Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Scientific Name:

Kingdom:animalia Phylum:Mollusca

Class:Cephalopoda Order:Decapodiformes

Family:Sepiida

Geography / Habitat:Coastal and deeper watersLife Strategy:Cuttlefish are found in large numbers throughout the world's ocean waters from the warm, tropical shallows to the cold depths of the deep ocean. Cuttlefish are well known for the "flashing" colours that are displayed on their bodies during fighting and mating. In the same way as squid and octopuses, the cuttlefish also has an ink sack which ejects ink in order to fool oncoming predators.Food / Feed Strategy:Crab, Shrimp, Fish

● Body Form or Style:taeniform● Swim / Locomotion Style:thunniform● Mouth Position:

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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:cichildScientific Name:cichildae

Kingdom:animalia Phylum:chordata


Family:Cichlidae

Geography / Habitat:African Great LakesLife Strategy:The diet of the cichlid is largely dependent on it's species. Some species of cichlid feed mainly on algae and small invertebrates, others primarily feed on small animals such as insects and fish and some species of cichlid will eat just about anything that they can find which has proved to be a destructive trait for those cichlids that have been artificially introduced to areas such as Asia and the United States.Food / Feed Strategy:Algae, Fish, Invertebrates

● Body Form or Style:compressiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:ostraciiform● Mouth Position:

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Kingdom:animalia Phylum:choredata

Class:Actinopterygii Order:Lepisosteiformes

Family:Lepisosteidae

Geography / Habitat:Lakes and slow-moving riversLife Strategy:Many gar spawn during the warmer spring months between April and June although they have been known to mate until the autumn weather appears in early October. After mating, the female gar lays an average on 10 sticky eggs on a nearby leaf or branch, where they remain until they hatch. As with many other fish species, the gar parents do not look after their young once they have hatched.Food / Feed Strategy:Fish, Insects, Invertebrates

● Body Form or Style:sagittiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:ostraciiform● Mouth Position:

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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Horn SharkScientific Name:Heterodontus


Class:Chondrichthyes Order:Heterodontiformes

Family:Heterodontidae

Geography / Habitat:Warm continental shelvesLife Strategy:The horn shark is most commonly found along the temperate to sub-tropical continental shelves where it spends most of it's time in search of hard-shelled marine organisms to eat off the sea-bed.Food / Feed Strategy:Mollusc's, Sea Urchins, Fish

● Body Form or Style:compressiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:Tunniform● Mouth Position:

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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Dog fishScientific Name:Squalus Acanthias


Class:Chondrichthyes Order:Squaliformes

Family:Squalidae

Geography / Habitat:Bays and inshore watersLife Strategy:The spiny dogfish is found worldwide across the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. The spiny dogfish tends to be be found in the warmer coastal waters although it is not uncommon to spot spiny dogfish hunting in the freezing sub-Antarctic waters.Food / Feed Strategy:Fish, Squid, Crustaceans

● Body Form or Style:Fusiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:Subcaraniform● Mouth Position:

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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:FlounderScientific Name:Paralichthys

Kingdom:Animalia Phylum:chordata

Class:Actinopterygii Order:Pleuronectiformes

Family:Paralichthyidae

Geography / Habitat:Tropical coastal watersLife Strategy:Flounder are carnivorous and highly predatory animals. The flounder hides on the sand on the sea floor waiting for potential prey, which the flounder ambushes once it has been spotted. Flounder prey on a variety of bottom-dwelling marine species including small fish, shrimp and crabs.Food / Feed Strategy:Small fish, Shrimp, Crabs

● Body Form or Style:Depressiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:ostraciiform● Mouth Position:

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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:sea dragonScientific Name:Phycodurus Eques


Class:Actinopterygii Order:Syngnathiformes

Family:Syngnathidae

Geography / Habitat:Tropical coastal watersLife Strategy:As with sea horses, it is the male sea dragon who care for the eggs once they have been laid by the female. The female lays around 250 eggs onto the long tail onto the long tail of the male sea horse. The eggs of the sea dragon can take up to 9 weeks to hatch and remain in the care of the male sea dragon at all timesFood / Feed Strategy:Plankton, Shrimp, Small fish

● Body Form or Style:● Swim / Locomotion Style:thunniform● Mouth Position:

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Class:Actinopterygii Order:Anguilliformes

Family:Muraenidae

Geography / Habitat:Coastal and deep watersLife Strategy:The moray eel is a relatively secretive animal, spending much of its time hiding in holes and crevices amongst the rocks and coral on the ocean floor. By spending the majority of their time hiding, moray eels are able to remain out of sight from predators and are also able to ambush any unsuspecting prey that passes.Food / Feed Strategy:Fish, Squid, Crustaceans

● Body Form or Style:anguilliform● Swim / Locomotion Style:Subcarangiform● Mouth Position:

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Family:Labridae

Geography / Habitat:Coral reefs and rocky shoresLife Strategy:Wrasse are carnivorous animals that have thick lips with a row of teeth that usually face outwards. The mouth of the wrasse is protractile which means that it is capable of extending forwards. Wrasse feeds on a number of small invertebrates, small fish and food particles in the water. Wrasse are also known to follow large predatory fish, eating the trail of left-overs that it leaves behind it.Food / Feed Strategy:Small Fish and Invertebrates

● Body Form or Style:compressiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:Ostraciiform● Mouth Position:

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Class:Chondrichthyes Order:Rajiformes

Family:Dasyatidae

Geography / Habitat:Warm, tropical watersLife Strategy:Stingrays breed during the winter and the female stingray gives birth to live young usually between 5 and 15 baby stingrays, known as a litter. The baby stingrays develop inside the mother stingray for around 9 months and feed off the remaining yolk in their eggs sacks. When this runs out, the baby stingrays are feed milk in the uterus of the female stingray. When the baby stingrays are born, they are able to swim about and begin hunting with their mother.Food / Feed Strategy:Crustaceans, Snails, Fish

● Body Form or Style:● Swim / Locomotion Style:Carangiform● Mouth Position:

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Class:Chondrichthyes Order:Myliobatiformes

Family:Mobulidae

Geography / Habitat:Warmer tropical watersLife Strategy:The manta ray is a solitary animal and is also a graceful swimmer. Like other large species of fish, manta rays swim by moving their pectoral fins up and down which propels their enormous body through the surrounding water. The short tail of the manta ray also allows the manta ray to be more acrobatic with it's movement, and they have even be seen leaping out of the water.Food / Feed Strategy:Fish, Plankton, Shrimp

● Body Form or Style:Filiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:Thunniform● Mouth Position:

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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:BarracudaScientific Name:Sphyraena



Family:Sphyraenidae

Geography / Habitat:Coastal lagoons and coral reefsLife Strategy:The barracuda is known to be an aggressive and dominant predator, often relying on the surprise tactic in order to catch it's prey. Barracudas are also able to swim at over 40 km/h in short bursts which they do to overtake prey that may be trying to swim away.Food / Feed Strategy:Fish, Plankton, Invertebrates

● Body Form or Style:Sagittiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:Ostraciiform● Mouth Position:

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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:SeahourseScientific Name:


Class:Actinopterygii Order:Syngnathiformes

Family:Syngnathidae

Geography / Habitat:Shallow tropical waters and coral reefsLife Strategy:Seahorses spend their time bobbing in the sea grasses and coral reefs and due to their colourings, seahorses are able to camouflage themselves pretty effectively into the aquatic plants and larger coral so as to hide from their predatorsFood / Feed Strategy:The seahorse is an omnivorous animal and the seahorse therefore eats a mixture of plant and animal matter which the seahorse does by sucking the food into it's body through it's elongated snout. The seahorse primarily feeds on brine shrimp. plankton, tiny species of fish and algae

● Body Form or Style:● Swim / Locomotion Style:● Mouth Position:

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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:GuppyScientific Name:


Class:Actinopterygii Order:Cyprinodontiformes

Family:Poeciliidae

Geography / Habitat:Rivers in the AmazonLife Strategy:The guppy gives birth to live young, meaning that the eggs are first incubated inside the female guppy and hatch there too. The incubation period of the guppy is about a month after which the female guppy can give birth to up to 100 baby guppies, which are called fry. As soon as they are born, the guppy fry are able to eat and swim around freely. The guppy fry are also able to sense and avoid danger which is important when around older guppies as they often eat the fry. The guppy fry have matured in adult guppies within a couple of months.Food / Feed Strategy:Algae, Shrimp, Fish

● Body Form or Style:compressiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:Thunniform● Mouth Position:

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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:mollyScientific Name:


Class:Actinopterygii Order:Cyprinodontiformes

Family:Poeciliidae

Geography / Habitat:Rivers in the Amazon RainforestLife Strategy: Mollies live amongst the plants in a group containing numerous molly individuals, known as a school. Although this works well for the mollies in the wild, the fast-paced breeding of these molly groups can quickly become a problem in artificial tanksFood / Feed Strategy:Mollies are omnivorous animals and therefore have diet that is comprised of both plant and animal matter. Mollies primarily eat small invertebrates including insects and bloodworm, along with algae and food particles in the water

● Body Form or Style:Depressiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:Ostraciiform● Mouth Position:

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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Siamese Fighting FishScientific Name:



Family:Osphronemidae

Geography / Habitat:Mekong river in south-east AsiaLife Strategy:The Siamese fighting fish is easily recognised due to the beautiful colours displayed on the body of the Siamese fighting fish. Siamese fighting fish also have long and elaborate coloured fins, which are longer on the male Siamese fighting fish than the fins of the female Siamese fighting fish. The fins of the Siamese fighting fish look particularly elaborate due to the fact that the body of the Siamese fighting fish is relatively small.Food / Feed Strategy:Insects, Brine Shrimp, Plankton

● Body Form or Style:Compressfiorm● Swim / Locomotion Style:carangiform● Mouth Position:

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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:PikeScientific Name:Esox


Class:Actinopterygii Order:Esociformes

Family:Esocidae

Geography / Habitat:Slow moving waterLife Strategy:Food / Feed Strategy:Although young pike may have the odd nibble on plants. pike generally have a purely carnivorous diet. Adult pike primarily feed on smaller fish in the water that the pike is able to ambush from it's hiding place amongst the aquatic weeds. Pike also hunt a number of other animals in the water including amphibians like frogs and toads and invertebrates such as snails and spiders.

● Body Form or Style:Sagittiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:Thunniform● Mouth Position:

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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:ShrimpScientific Name:Caridea


Class:Crustacea Order:Decapoda

Family:Caridea

Geography / Habitat:All water regions around the worldLife Strategy:The shrimp lives on the river beds and ocean floors around the world, filtering sand and particles in the water. Shrimp are known to stay in schools that contain numerous shrimp individuals, and are able to adapt easily to changes in water conditions.Food / Feed Strategy:Tiny Fish, Algae, Plankton


Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Star FishScientific Name:Protoreaster Nodosus


Class:Asteroidea Order:

Family:Gobiidae

Geography / Habitat:Shallow to deeper coastal watersLife Strategy:The starfish feeds on oysters and clams, the 2 stomachs of the starfish helping with the digestion of complex organisms. The starfish uses one stomach to begin the digestion of the food, and the other stomach to expand outwards and engulf their prey. Starfish can be found in the oceans all around the worldFood / Feed Strategy:Crustaceans, Worms, Sea Urchins


Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:wrasseScientific Name:Labridae



Family:Labridae

Geography / Habitat:Coral reefs and rocky shoresLife Strategy:Cleaner wrasse are the most well-known wrasse species as they are often seen going into the mouths of large marine animals in order remove the dead material inside. Cleaner wrasse feed on dead tissues, scales and parasites that lurk inside the mouth of the larger animal, and few are actually eaten by the predator that they are assisting.Food / Feed Strategy:Small Fish and Invertebrates

● Body Form or Style:Depessiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:caramiform● Mouth Position:

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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:PianhaScientific Name:


Class:Actinopterygii Order:Characiformes

Family:Characidae

Geography / Habitat:Fast flowing rivers and Amazon basinLife Strategy:Piranhas are generally found in fast flowing rivers and streams where there is plenty of food for the piranha to eat. The piranhas lives together in large shoals and constantly compete for food. Feeding frenzies will be triggered when there is a shortage of food or blood in the waterFood / Feed Strategy:Fish, Insects, Snails. Plants

● Body Form or Style:Globiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:Thunniform● Mouth Position:

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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Zbebra sharksScientific Name:Stegostoma Fasciatum


Class:Chondrichthyes Order:Chondrichthyes

Family:Stegostomatidae

Geography / Habitat:Tropical, coastal watersLife Strategy:Zebra sharks have a long, flattened body which helps them to remain unnoticed on the seabed. The zebra shark also has a long tail which allows it to be more agile in the water. Zebra sharks move their tails from side to side when they swim, in an eel-like manner.Food / Feed Strategy:Fish, Crabs, Snails

● Body Form or Style:Fusiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:subarangiform● Mouth Position:

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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Manta RayScientific Name:Manta Birostris


Class:Chondrichthye Order:Myliobatiforme

Family:Mobulidae

Geography / Habitat:Warmer tropical watersLife Strategy:The manta ray is a solitary animal and is also a graceful swimmer. Like other large species of fish, manta rays swim by moving their pectoral fins up and down which propels their enormous body through the surrounding water. The short tail of the manta ray also allows the manta ray to be more acrobatic with it's movement, and they have even be seen leaping out of the water.Food / Feed Strategy:Fish, Plankton, Shrimp


Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Basking SharkScientific Name:Cetorhinus Maximus


Class:Chondrichthye Order:Lamniformes

Family:Cetorhinidae

Geography / Habitat:Temperate waters along continental shelvesLife Strategy:Basking sharks reach sexual maturity (can begin breeding) when they are about three years old. Basking sharks are known to mate during the warmer summer months, and their pups (the largest of all shark pups) are born live after up to 3 years of development. Basking shark pups are known to become independent immediately, swimming away from their mother just after birthFood / Feed Strategy:Fish, Plankton, Invertebrates

● Body Form or Style:Fusiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:subcarangiform● Mouth Position:

Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Whale sharkScientific Name:Rhincodon Typus


Class:Chondrichthye Order:Orectolobiformes

Family:Rhincodontidae

Geography / Habitat:Warm coastal waters and open oceanLife Strategy:The whale shark is the perfect example of a so-called friendly shark and to date have posed no significant threat to humans (mainly divers). The whale shark is most commonly spotted around the Gulf of Mexico and the Indonesian Islands where the whale sharks have been known to be almost playful towards humans.Food / Feed Strategy:Krill, Plankton, Crab, Fish


Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Electric EelScientific Name:Electrophorus Electricus


Class:Chondrichthye Order:Gymnotiformes

Family:Gymnotidae Gymnotiformes

Geography / Habitat:River in the AmazonLife Strategy:Electric eels are found inhabiting fresh waters of the Amazon and Orinoco river basins in South America, and the electric eels tend to prefer the river floodplains, swamps, coastal plains, and creeks. Electric eels tend to live on muddy bottoms in calm water and in stagnant arms of rivers, where the electric eel spends most of its time hunting.Food / Feed Strategy:Fish, Birds, Small mammals

● Body Form or Style:Anguilliform● Swim / Locomotion Style:Anguilliform● Mouth Position:

Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:hammerhead sharkScientific Name:Sphyrna Zygaena


Class:Chondrichthye Order:Carcharhiniformes

Family:Sphyrnidae

Geography / Habitat:Warm waters and continental shelvesLife Strategy:Like many other species of shark the hammerhead shark is a solitary hunter during the night, but during the daytime hammerhead sharks are known to form schools of up to 100 hammerhead shark individuals. Hammerhead sharks are commonly seen in larger groups during the summer months when the hammerhead sharks are migrating together in search of cooler watersFood / Feed Strategy:Fish, Squid, Octopus

● Body Form or Style:Fusiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:carangiform● Mouth Position:

Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:nurse sharkScientific Name:Ginglymostoma Cirratum


Class:Chondrichthye Order:Orectolobiformes

Family:Ginglymostomatidae

Geography / Habitat:Warm waters and tropical coastal regionsLife Strategy:The nurse shark mating season is in early summer. Female nurse sharks will retain their eggs inside them until they hatch and are fully developed, before a live birth then occurs. The nurse shark gestation period is approximately 6 months, when the female nurse shark will give birth to between 28 and 25 nurse sharks babies, known as pups.Food / Feed Strategy:Squid, Fish, Octopus


Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Grey Reef SharkScientific Name:



Family:Carcharhinidae

Geography / Habitat:Warm waters and coral reefsLife Strategy:The grey reef shark tends to move about slowly gliding silently through the water at speeds that often do not exceed a few miles an hour and the grey reef sharks are commonly known to lay on the ocean floor for long periods of time. However, when the grey reef shark detects food in the water, the grey reef shark is known to suddenly become very active and quick, with the grey reef shark often becoming fairly aggressive if there is food about.Food / Feed Strategy:Fish, Crab, Squid


Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Bull sharkScientific Name:Carcharhinus Leucas




Geography / Habitat:Shallow and tropical watersLife Strategy:The bull shark is well known for its unpredictable and aggressive temperament and is thought to be one of the most dangerous sharks towards humans. This is probably because the bull inhabits coastal waters and rivers and is therefore more likely to come into contact with swimmers and water sports enthusiasts.Food / Feed Strategy:Fish, Sharks, Stingray

● Body Form or Style:● Swim / Locomotion Style:Thunniform● Mouth Position:

Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:sea slugScientific Name:Holothuroidea


Class:Chondrichthye Order:

Family:

Geography / Habitat:Shallow and deep oceansLife Strategy:The sea slug is often an interesting addition to a salt-water aquarium and can be useful in keeping the algae levels at a minimum. Although the sea slug leads a relatively motionless existence, they are an important factor in any marine environment.Food / Feed Strategy:Algae, Plankton


Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Great white sharkScientific Name:Carcharodon Carcharias



Family:Lamnidae

Geography / Habitat:Temperate and coastal watersLife Strategy:The great white shark hunts large fish, seal, porpoise, dolphin and whale, with the great white shark using an ambush technique to surprise their prey in order to secure their catch.The great white shark is found in waters from just 1 m deep to 1,200 m deep. The great white shark has approximately 300 teeth which are arranged in a number of rows along both the great white sharks top and bottom jaws.Food / Feed Strategy:Seal, Fish, Dolphins


Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Grey Reef sharkScientific Name:Carcharhinus Amblyrhynchos




Geography / Habitat:Warm waters and coral reefsLife Strategy:The grey reef shark tends to move about slowly gliding silently through the water at speeds that often do not exceed a few miles an hour and the grey reef sharks are commonly known to lay on the ocean floor for long periods of time. However, when the grey reef shark detects food in the water, the grey reef shark is known to suddenly become very active and quick, with the grey reef shark often becoming fairly aggressive if there is food about.Food / Feed Strategy:Fish, Crab, Squid


Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Prawn Scientific Name:Dendrobranchiata



Family:Dendrobranchiat

Geography / Habitat:Rocky, coastal watersLife Strategy:The prawn feeds by filtering nutritious particles out of the water flowing around the prawn, and the prawn is therefore often found on rocks or close to the sea floorFood / Feed Strategy:Fish, Insects, Plankton


Citation:




Family:Nephropidae

Geography / Habitat:Sea gardens and rocky bedsLife Strategy:Lobsters live on rocky, sandy, or muddy bottoms close to the shoreline to beyond the edge of the continental shelf as the lobster prefers the shallower ocean water. The lobster is generally found to live by itself, where the lobster hides in crevices and in burrows under rocks.Food / Feed Strategy:Clams, Mussels, Starfish


Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:jellyfishScientific Name:Cnidaria Scyphozoa Aurelia



Family:Cyaneidae

Geography / Habitat:Shallow and deep oceanLife Strategy:Jellyfish also have tentacles around their mouths that vary in length depending on the species of jellyfish. The jellyfish use their tentacles to both catch and sting their prey. The tentacles of the jellyfish are covered in a skin that contains special cells, some that sting, some that grip and some that stick. The jellyfish is able to produce these cells at an alarming rate so they are effectively disposable to the jellyfishFood / Feed Strategy:Fish, Eggs, Invertebrates


Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:WoodlouseScientific Name:Oniscidea



Family:Oniscidea

Geography / Habitat:Moist environmentsLife Strategy:The woodlouse is the only species of crustacean to inhabit inland and not watery habitats. There are thought to be over 3,000 different species of woodlouse around the world.Food / Feed Strategy:Decaying leaf and plant matter


Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Sea UrchinScientific Name:Echinoidea


Class:Chondrichthye Order:Echinoida

Family:

Geography / Habitat:Rocky ocean floor and coral reefsLife Strategy:Sea urchins have a round shaped body and with long spines that come off it. The spines of the sea urchin are used for protection, to move about, and to trap food particles that are floating around in the water. Sea urchins have five paired rows of tiny tube feet which are found amongst the spines. The feet of the sea urchin have suckers which help the sea urchin to move about, capture food, and to hold onto the ocean floorFood / Feed Strategy:Algae, Fish, Barnacles


Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Horseshoe CrabScientific Name:Limulidae


Class:Chondrichthye Order:Echinoida

Family:Limulidae

Geography / Habitat:Muddy bottoms of shallow waterLife Strategy:The appearance of the horseshoe crab is thought to have changed very little from when it first evolved around 500 million years ago. Horseshoe crabs breathe using book gills, which are thin plates found on the abdomen of the horseshoe crab.Food / Feed Strategy:Worms, Molluscs, Crustaceans


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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:catfishScientific Name:Siluriformes


Class:Chondrichthye Order:Siluriformes

Family:Limulidae

Geography / Habitat:Fast-flowing rivers and lakesLife Strategy:The average catfish is around a meter in length usually slightly less depending on the species. Catfish however can range in size from just a centimetre in length to more than two meters long. The largest species of catfish is the Mekong catfish, which is found inhabiting parts of the Mekong river that flows through Laos, Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam. The largest Mekong catfish ever found measured nearly 3 meters in length.Food / Feed Strategy:Fish, Frogs, Worms


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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Hermit CrabScientific Name:Paguroidea


Class:Chondrichthye Order:Decapoda

Family:Paguroidea

Geography / Habitat:Coastal watersLife Strategy:The hermit crab has a soft under-body which it protects by carrying a shell on its back. The shell of the hermit crab is not its own, but one that belonged to another animal. As hermit crabs grow, they continue to find larger shells to accommodate their increasing size.Food/ Feed Strategy:Fish, Worms, Plankton


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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:NewtScientific Name:Lissotriton Vulgaris


Class:Chondrichthye Order:Caudata

Family:Salamandridae

Geography / Habitat:Temperate forests and river banksLife Strategy:The newt is generally a solitary animal but some species of newt are known to hibernate in groups. Newts generally come together during the mating season which tends to take place in early spring.People commonly keep fire-bellied newts, paddle-tail newts and crocodile newts as pets. The newt is seen as a good pet to keep as the newt is small and quiet and some species of newt, like the great crested newt native to Europe can get to 27 years old.

Food/ Feed-Strategy:Worms, Insects, Water snails


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Family:Brachyura

Geography / Habitat:Coral reefs and coastlineLife Strategy:Generally crabs dont get bigger than 40 cm in size, with the exception of the Japanese spider crab that has been known to have a leg span of over 4 meters long! The smallest type crab is the pea crab with this tiny species of crab only growing to a few millimeters.Food/ Feed-Strategy:Shrimp, Fish, Mussels


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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Giant ClamScientific Name:Tridacna Gigas



Family:Tridacnidae

Geography / Habitat:Saltwater seafloorsLife Strategy:Giant clams are thought to grow to such enormous sizes due to the fact that giant clams consume a great deal of sugars and proteins that are produced by the algae that live on the giant clams. Food/ Feed-Strategy:Algae, Phytoplantkon, Nutrients In Water


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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:OysterScientific Name:Ostreidae


Class:Chondrichthye Order:Ostreoidaea

Family:Ostreidae

Geography / Habitat:Reefs and rocky shoresLife Strategy:Despite there being numerous different species of oyster, oysters are generally split up into four distinct groups, which are true oysters (the ones eaten by humans), pearl oysters (produce pearls), thorny oysters (also known as spiny oysters) and saddle oysters (have very thin shells).Food/ Feed-Strategy:Plankton and Nutrients in Water


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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:black drumScientific Name:



Family:

Geography / Habitat:The black drum is usually found in or near brackish waters. Larger, older fish are more commonly found in the saltier areas of an estuary (closer to the ocean) near oyster beds or other plentiful food sourcesLife Strategy:They are common between the Chesapeake Bay and Florida coasts, and most abundant along the Texas coast. After reaching maturity by the end of their second year, black drum spawn in and around estuarine waters. In Texas, most spawning takes place in February and March.Food/ Feed-Strategy:Zooplanktoon,small fish,worms


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Family:

Geography / Habitat:Trout are usually found in cool (50–60 °F, 10–16 °C), clear streams and lakes, although many of the species have anadromous strains as wellLife Strategy:FoodStrategy:Trout generally feed on other fish, and soft bodied aquatic

● Body Form or Style:● Swim / Locomotion Style:

● Mouth Position:Citation:



Class:Chondrichthye Order:Perciformes

Family:Coryphaenidae

Geography / Habitat:Life Strategy:Mahi-mahi live 4 to 5 years. Catches average 7 to 13 kilograms (15 to 29 lb). They seldom exceed 15 kilograms (33 lb), and mahi-mahi over 18 kilograms (40 lb) are exceptionalFoodStrategy:


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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Viper FishScientific Name:


Class:Chondrichthye Order:Stomiiformes

Family:Stomiidae

Geography / Habitat:tropical and temperate watersLife Strategy:It flashes this natural light on and off while at the same time moving the dorsal spine around like a fishing rod and hanging completely still in the water, and also uses the voluntary natural light producing organ to communicate to its potential mates and rivals. Viper fish vary in color between green, silver and blackFood/Feed-Strategy:

● Body Form or Style:Sagittiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:Carangiform● Mouth Position:

Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Viper FishScientific Name:



Family:Stomiidae

Geography / Habitat:tropical and temperate watersLife Strategy:It flashes this natural light on and off while at the same time moving the dorsal spine around like a fishing rod and hanging completely still in the water, and also uses the voluntary natural light producing organ to communicate to its

potential mates and rivals. Viper fish vary in color between green, silver and blackFood/Feed-Strategy:

● Body Form or Style:Sagittiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:Carangiform● Mouth Position:

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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:BergallScientific Name:



Family:Labridae

Geography / Habitat:They prefer to live near structures, such as sunken boulders.Life Strategy:Specimens may grow to 12 inches though most range from 4-10. Often bergalls are found mixed in with black fish (Tautog), living on or near the same structures. Much of the food eaten by those bergalls living among Black fish are the leftovers from the Black's prey. Food/Feed-Strategy:

● Body Form or Style:Compressiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:Carangiform● Mouth Position:

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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Lagodon rhomboidesScientific Name:



Family:Sparidae

Geography / Habitat:Adult pinfish prefer protected waters between 30 and 50 feet deep, while juveniles are common over seagrass beds or other structure such as rocky bottoms, jetties, pilings, and in mangrove areas where there is cover from predators. They prefer water that has a higher salinity. Pinfish rarely school, but can be found near each other, especially along structure which supports barnacles and mollusksLife Strategy:Sexual maturity is reached at about one year, when the fish has reached 80 to 100 mm in lengthFood/Feed-Strategy:Pinfish eat shrimp, fish eggs, insect larvae, polychaete worms and amphipods, and plant matter


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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Siganus VilpinusScientific Name:



Family:Siganidae

Geography / Habitat:inhabiting coral reefsLife Strategy:They retain this bright coloring throughout the day, and during the night or when stressed, like many other fishes, they have the ability to change into a mottled dark brown colorFood/Feed-Strategy:They have a long snout-like mouth that is used for feeding on algae and other vegetation, with the snout being particularly handy for reaching into crevices.


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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:Gobiesox maeandricusScientific Name:


Class:Chondrichthye Order:Gobiesociformes

Family:Gobiesocidae

Geography / Habitat: is commonly found in the intertidal zone where it uses its suction like mouth to cling to rocks.Life Strategy:Food/Feed-Strategy:

● Body Form or Style:Fusiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:Carangiform● Mouth Position:

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Family:

Geography / Habitat:Life Strategy:Tigerfish are aggressive predators. A tigerfish has a gas-filled sac in its body that it uses as a sound receiver. This transmits vibrations from the water, enabling it to detect any animals nearby and respond accordingly. A school of juveniles can tackle animals of almost any size, including any land animals that stray too close to the water's edge. Adults tend to travel in smaller groups of four or five, but they are no less dangerous.Food/Feed-Strategy:

● Body Form or Style:Compressiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:Carangiform● Mouth Position:

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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:striped bass Scientific Name:



Family:Moronidae

Geography / Habitat:They are also found in the Minas Basin and Gaspereau River in Nova Scotia Canada.Life Strategy:Striped bass spawn in freshwater and although they have been successfully adapted to freshwater habitat, they naturally spend their adult lives in saltwater Food/Feed-Strategy:

● Body Form or Style:Compressiform● Swim / Locomotion Style:Thunniform● Mouth Position:

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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:CrappieScientific Name:



Family:Centrarchidae

Geography / Habitat:Life Strategy By day, crappie tend to be less active and to concentrate around weed beds or submerged objects, such as logs and boulders; they feed especially at dawn and dusk, moving then into open water or approaching the shore:Food/Feed-Strategy:). They have diverse diets, however, including zooplankton, insects, and crustaceans


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Title: Species #:saltwater fishCommon Name:PteroisScientific Name:


Class:Chondrichthye Order:Scorpaeniformes

Family:Scorpaenidae

Geography / Habitat:found mostly in the Indo-PacificLife Strategy:The population density of the invasive lionfish is increasing very fast, and efforts are underway in several areas to bring it under control. However, to completely eradicate the lionfish from its new habitats seems unlikely. A study from 2010 using population modeling used data collected about the known life history of the lionfish inhabiting the Caribbean coral reefs to figure out the best means of eradication. The study showed that the most effective way to even maintain current lionfish population densities, at least 27% of the invasive adult populations would have to be killed monthlyFood/Feed-Strategy:


Citation:

Title: Species #:saltwater/marine fishesCommon Name:puffer fishScientific Name:Tetraodontidae

Kingdom:animila Phylum:Chordata

Class:Actinopterygii Order:Tetraodontiformes

Family:Tetraodontidae

Geography / Habitat:Shallow waters and coral reefsLife Strategy:The puffer fish has the remarkable ability to expand its body extremely quickly when faced with danger, unavailing it's long poisonous spikes that cover its body. If a fisherman catches a puffer fish, they will never touch the spikes as they are highly toxic to humans and animals.Food / Feed Strategy:Puffer fish mainly feed on the algae that grows on the rocks and coral.

● Body Form or Style:The puffer fish has the remarkable ability to expand its body

● Swim / Locomotion Style:slow● Mouth Position:

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Fish Project

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