Lesson1. What is the difference between

vertebrates and invertebrates?

2. Write one similarity and one difference between amphibians and reptiles

3. To what group do the following animals belong:

a) Frog

b) Cobra

c) Salamander

d) Crocodile

Topic: FishObjective: To define the characteristics of the fish

Where

they live

What

they eat

How

they move

Is it a

fish?

How

they breathe

Their

Body

Where they live

Fish live in water. They can live in oceans, lakes, ponds, and streams. Some fish can

be kept as pets in fishbowls and aquariums.

How they move

Fish swing their tail fins back and forth and wave their other fins.

They look as if they’re flying through the water.

dorsal fin

Lateral line

eye spines

anus

tail fin Ventral fin

pectoral fin

pelvic fin nostrilmouth

operculum

Their Body

Mouth: takes in food and allows a stream of water over the gills

Nostril: a blindly ending sac with organs of smell

Operculum: covers and protects gills and lets water escape from them

Pectoral and Pelvic Fins: help to steer and stabilize fish

Lateral Line: a tube running the length of the body just below the skin

Dorsal and Ventral Fins: reduce rolling motion during swimming and help in turning movements

Tail Fin: imparts final thrust in swimming movements

Eye: it is the fishes point of vision

Spines: the primary structural framework upon which the fishes body is built

Body plan is: bilateral

Their Body

Their Body

All fish have backbones. Most fish have skin that is covered with scales. A clear

slime covers the scales.

The anatomy of Lampanyctodes hectoris(1) - operculum (gill cover), (2) - lateral line, (3) - dorsal fin, (4) - fat fin, (5) - caudal peduncle, (6) - caudal fin, (7) - anal fin, (8) - photophores, (9) - pelvic fins (paired), (10) - pectoral fins (paired)

The Scales and Slime

The scales protect the fish’s skin from cuts and scrapes.

The slime protects the fish from germs in the water.

Fish open and close their mouths to breathe. Fish need oxygen like us. There is oxygen in the water.

They have gills, not lungs.

What they eatBody systems

The respiratory systemThe respiratory system

The gill are made up of tiny threadlike filaments. When fish opens the mouth, water rushes in and oxygen is pulled out through the blood vessels. The gills are covered by the operculum.

Body systems

Many fish eat tiny plants and animals. Bigger fish eat worms, small ocean animals, and other fish. Usually, bigger fish eat medium sized fish and medium sized fish eat small fish.

The digestive systemThe digestive system

Fish are carnivores with straight intestines. The plant eaters have coiled intestines. The cartilaginous / primitive fish have spiral valve intestines

Esophagus (transports food)Stomach (chemical digestion)

Intestine (absorb nutrients) Liver (gives bile)

Pancreas (gives enzymes) Pyloric caeca (gives enzymes)

The closed circulatory system.The closed circulatory system.

Heart chambersHeart chambers

Blood is pumped from the heart to the gills, where it receives oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide. Blood then moves on to the organs of the body, where nutrients, gases, and wastes are exchanged. However, there is no division of the circulation between the respiratory organs and the rest of the body. That is, the blood travels in a circuit which takes blood from heart to gills to organs and back to the heart to start its journey again.

What they eatBody systems

2 chambered heart pumps blood to the gills for gas exchange

Click on the fish.

octopusshark

That’s right! A shark is a fish. It lives in the water. Its skin is covered in scales. It also

uses gills for breathing underwater.

Remember, fish have a backbone!

An octopus is not a fish. It lives in the water, but it does not have a backbone,

scales or gills.

GroupsAgnatha

Chondrichthyes

Osteichthyes

Cartilaginous Fish (no bones)

Jawless Fish

Boney Fish (cartilage and bones)

www.muralsforkids.com www.livescience.com

Importance

•Hcardiac patients

•Food

•Makes veins flexible

•Source of nutrients

•Cleans up the algae•Completes the food chain

Humans Ecosystem

I AM NOT A FISH!!