FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded...

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Transcript of FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded...

Page 1: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 2: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

FISH

• Osteichthy• Bony fish• 20,000 species• Big →Little species• All aquatic habitats• Cold blooded• Scales and mucus• Gills

• Chondrichthy• Cartilage fish• 1,000 species• Same• Same• Same• Same• Same

Page 3: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

Hydrolagus colleiChimaera

Page 4: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 5: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 6: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 7: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

Fish

• Osteichthy• Cannot close eye• External

Fertilization• External

Development

• Chondrichthy• Some have eyelids• INTERNAL

fertilization• Development

SOMETIMES External

Page 8: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

Fish

• Osteichthy• Caudal Fin =

Homocercal• Swim Bladder = YES• Neutrally Buoyant• 1 Row of teeth• Teeth permanent• Scales grow back

• Chondrichthy• Caudal Fin =

HETEROcercal• Swim Bladder = NO• Negatively Buoyant• Many rows of teeth• Teeth replaceable• Scales do NOT grow

back

Page 9: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

Battle against Negative Buoyancy• Cartilage is lighter than Bone (negatively

buoyant but LESS sinking).

• Body shape helps give them “lift”.

• Caudal fin Heterocercal

Page 10: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

Battle against Negative Buoyancy

• #1 Caudal fin Heterocercal

• #2 Pectoral fins like?????

Page 11: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

Battle against Negative Buoyancy• #1 Caudal fin Heterocercal

• #2 Pectoral fins like?????

Page 12: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

Battle against Negative Buoyancy• #1 Caudal fin Heterocercal

• #2 Pectoral fins like Airplane wings

• #3 Liver is 25% of body weight

Page 13: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

Battle against Negative Buoyancy

• SO….

• Cartilage is lighter than Bone +• Caudal fin Heterocercal +

• Pectoral fins like Airplane wings +• Liver is 25% of body weight =

Neutral Buoyancy?????

Page 14: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

Chondrichthys are

NEGATIVELY BUOYANT

Page 15: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 16: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

Carcharias taurus

Page 17: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 18: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

Hearing

• 0.5 miles away. (10 football fields)

• Hear struggling animals.

• Better than humans

Page 19: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

Smell

• 1 drop in 25 gallons or 1 ppm.

• Openings to nose can locate exact direction of scent.

• Better than humans

Page 20: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 21: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

Lateral Line

• Allows them to “feel” movements.

• Better than humans

Page 22: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 23: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

Vision

• Eyes very important.• Some sharks can cover their eyes while

attacking food, with a Nictitating Membrane.• Great white shark can roll eye back into head for

protection.• Sharks vision 10X better than a cat in darkness.

• Better than humans

Page 24: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 25: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 26: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 27: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

Ampullae of Lorenzini

• Detect electromagnetic impulses.

• Living organisms give off electromagnetic signals.

• Heart beating, muscle twitching, etc

• Better than humans

Page 28: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
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Page 30: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

SEX

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Chondrichthyes

• Internal Fertilization

Page 32: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 33: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 34: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 35: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 36: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

Courtship (may the best male win!)

Page 37: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 38: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 39: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

Chondrichthyes• Development ( a bit more tricky!)

• 3 different ways:

Page 40: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

Oviparous

• Shark lays eggs in the water and leaves.

• No parental care.

• No added parental nourishment or protection.

Page 41: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 42: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

Viviparous

• Female gives birth to live young.

• Baby sharks are attached to mother by placenta (nourishment)

• Advantage—greater protection (pre-birth)

• If babies are larger, then less babies.

Page 43: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 44: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 45: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

Ovoviviparous

• Babies are in egg cases, but eggs are carried by mother.

• No added nourishment given.

• Advantage: added protection from external eggs.

Page 46: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 47: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 48: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

Carcharias taurus

Page 49: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

(Survival of the Fittest)

Intrauterine Cannabilism

Or

Oophagy

Page 50: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 51: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

SHARKATTACKS

450 species total

447 chocolate labs

3 pit bulls

Page 52: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 53: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 54: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 55: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 56: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 57: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 58: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 59: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

Annually, between 100 Million and 200 Million sharks are

killed worldwide just for their Fins.

Page 60: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 61: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.
Page 62: FISH Osteichthy Bony fish 20,000 species Big →Little species All aquatic habitats Cold blooded Scales and mucus Gills Chondrichthy Cartilage fish 1,000.

BIRDS CH. 34.2. I.Characteristics A. Class Aves. 9,000 species Only organisms with feathers. Endothermic [warm-blooded]

BIRDS CH. 34.2. I.Characteristics A. Class Aves. 9,000 species Only organisms with feathers. Endothermic [warm-blooded]

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Bony Fish. Class Osteichthyes Includes all bony fishes Cold-blooded vertebrates Largest class of all vertebrates Accounts for 96% of all fish.

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