Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed...

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Fish Morphology and Identification

Transcript of Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed...

Page 1: Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed teeth •Rhomboid shaped tail. Herrings, Clupeidae •Scutes on the belly •Scaleless

Fish Morphology and

Identification

Page 2: Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed teeth •Rhomboid shaped tail. Herrings, Clupeidae •Scutes on the belly •Scaleless

Taxonomy - The classification of

organisms in an ordered system that indicates

natural relationships

Kingdom - Anamalia

Phylum - Chordata

Class - Osteichthyes

Order - Acipenseriformes

Family - Acipenseridae

Page 3: Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed teeth •Rhomboid shaped tail. Herrings, Clupeidae •Scutes on the belly •Scaleless

Lampreys, Petromyzontidae

Page 4: Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed teeth •Rhomboid shaped tail. Herrings, Clupeidae •Scutes on the belly •Scaleless

Sturgeons, Acipenseridae

•Five rows of bony scutes on body

•Mouth inferior

•Teeth absent in adults

•Four barbels anterior to mouth

Page 5: Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed teeth •Rhomboid shaped tail. Herrings, Clupeidae •Scutes on the belly •Scaleless

Paddlefish, Polyodontidae

•Long nose (rostrum)

•Heterocercal tail

•Planktivore

Page 6: Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed teeth •Rhomboid shaped tail. Herrings, Clupeidae •Scutes on the belly •Scaleless

Gars, Lepisosteidae

•Ganoid scales

•Grayish to olive green

back

•Long nose - large

pointed teeth

•Rhomboid shaped tail

Page 7: Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed teeth •Rhomboid shaped tail. Herrings, Clupeidae •Scutes on the belly •Scaleless

Herrings, Clupeidae

•Scutes on the belly

•Scaleless head

•Cycloid scales

Page 8: Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed teeth •Rhomboid shaped tail. Herrings, Clupeidae •Scutes on the belly •Scaleless

Mooneyes, Hiodontidae

•Similar to herring, but don’t have belly scutes

•Lateral line visible

•Prominent teeth

•Cycloid scales

Page 9: Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed teeth •Rhomboid shaped tail. Herrings, Clupeidae •Scutes on the belly •Scaleless

Pikes, Esocidae

•Duck-bill shaped jaw

•Large canine like teeth

Page 10: Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed teeth •Rhomboid shaped tail. Herrings, Clupeidae •Scutes on the belly •Scaleless

Pike vs. Muskie

Page 11: Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed teeth •Rhomboid shaped tail. Herrings, Clupeidae •Scutes on the belly •Scaleless

Minnows, Cyprinidae

•Scaleless head

•Toothless jaws,

•Lack of adipose fin

•Lack of appendages at the base of the pelvic fins

•A single, soft dorsal fin in native species having < 10 rays

Page 12: Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed teeth •Rhomboid shaped tail. Herrings, Clupeidae •Scutes on the belly •Scaleless

Other minnow examples

Page 13: Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed teeth •Rhomboid shaped tail. Herrings, Clupeidae •Scutes on the belly •Scaleless

Silverside, Atherinidae

•Brook silversides are a long, slender, translucent

•Head is long and flattened above with a long snout that

forms a pointed beak.

•Two dorsal fins positioned above a long anal fin

Page 14: Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed teeth •Rhomboid shaped tail. Herrings, Clupeidae •Scutes on the belly •Scaleless

Suckers, Catostomidae

•Primarily Bottom Feeder

•Some filter plankton

•Protusile lips - subterminal

•Toothless jaws

•Scaleless heads/cycloid scales

Page 15: Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed teeth •Rhomboid shaped tail. Herrings, Clupeidae •Scutes on the belly •Scaleless

Sometimes, it’s all in the lips

River redhorse Silver redhorse

Page 16: Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed teeth •Rhomboid shaped tail. Herrings, Clupeidae •Scutes on the belly •Scaleless

River carpsucker vs. Quillback

Page 17: Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed teeth •Rhomboid shaped tail. Herrings, Clupeidae •Scutes on the belly •Scaleless

Catfishes, Ictaluridae

•Scaleless bodies

•Eight elongated fleshy barbels

•Strong, sharp spines

Large

Small

Medium

Page 18: Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed teeth •Rhomboid shaped tail. Herrings, Clupeidae •Scutes on the belly •Scaleless

Temperate basses, Percichthydae

•Bony dorsal rays

•Distinct banding patterns

Page 19: Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed teeth •Rhomboid shaped tail. Herrings, Clupeidae •Scutes on the belly •Scaleless

Sunfishes, Centrarchidae

•All have at least one spine at the front part of the dorsal fin

•Ctenoid scales

•Deep lateral compression

Page 20: Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed teeth •Rhomboid shaped tail. Herrings, Clupeidae •Scutes on the belly •Scaleless

Perches, Percidae

•Dorsal fins are a very distinctive characteristic

•All members of the family are strictly carnivorous

Page 21: Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed teeth •Rhomboid shaped tail. Herrings, Clupeidae •Scutes on the belly •Scaleless

Walleye vs. Sauger

Saugeye

Page 22: Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed teeth •Rhomboid shaped tail. Herrings, Clupeidae •Scutes on the belly •Scaleless

Drums, Sciaenidae

•High arched back

•Mouth slightly sub terminal

•Color in wild, pinkish-green

•Defined lateral line

Page 23: Fish Morphology and Identification - Directoryworkforce.calu.edu/argent/Courses/Fisheries...pointed teeth •Rhomboid shaped tail. Herrings, Clupeidae •Scutes on the belly •Scaleless

Sample Food Web