First World WarFirst World War

A time of HUGE changeA time of HUGE change

War: catalyst for War: catalyst for change. Why?change. Why? Why do historians argue war is one of Why do historians argue war is one of

the major causes of change in our world?the major causes of change in our world?

Think: What was the world like prior to Think: What was the world like prior to the War? (politically, socially, the War? (politically, socially, economically, in terms of technology)economically, in terms of technology)

World on the EdgeWorld on the EdgeWhy war was Why war was inevitable!inevitable! SuperpowersSuperpowers: Battle to be #1: Battle to be #1 EuropeEurope: Too small for all those people: Too small for all those people Alliances galoreAlliances galore: divided the continent: divided the continent ImperialismImperialism: All wanted more land: All wanted more land MilitaristicMilitaristic: All had cool new toys: All had cool new toys NationalismNationalism: All thought they were : All thought they were

superiorsuperior

The shot heard round The shot heard round the worldthe world Terrorist act resulting in the Terrorist act resulting in the

assassination of Austria-Hungary's assassination of Austria-Hungary's archduke Franz Ferdinand (as a result of archduke Franz Ferdinand (as a result of imperialistic moves)imperialistic moves)

Killed by Serbians in attempt to win their Killed by Serbians in attempt to win their freedomfreedom

Alliances kicked inAlliances kicked in

AlliancesAlliances

Austria-HungaryAustria-Hungary GermanyGermany Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire

(Turkey)(Turkey)

RussiaRussia FranceFrance BritainBritain

USAUSA ItalyItaly JapanJapan CanadaCanada

Stats and FactsStats and Facts

Dates: 1914 to 1918Dates: 1914 to 1918 65 million soldiers from 35 nations65 million soldiers from 35 nations 30 million died30 million died 61 000 Canadians lost their lives61 000 Canadians lost their lives 12 million dollars12 million dollars Lead to revolutions in Russia, Hungary, and Lead to revolutions in Russia, Hungary, and

Germany (good bye monarchies)Germany (good bye monarchies) Japan will embrace new era (technology)Japan will embrace new era (technology)

Total Warfare…Total Warfare…A new way to fightA new way to fight New Technology: Meat grinderNew Technology: Meat grinder New rules of engagementNew rules of engagement Civilians as soldiers (Imperialism)Civilians as soldiers (Imperialism) Unlimited battlefieldUnlimited battlefield Death tollDeath toll Nations fightingNations fighting

New StuffNew Stuff

CarsCars TanksTanks AirplanesAirplanes ZeppelinsZeppelins Metal boatsMetal boats SubsSubs GasGas TrenchesTrenches Machine gunsMachine guns

Notable BattlesNotable Battles

YpresYpres SommeSomme Vimy RidgeVimy Ridge PasschendaelePasschendaele 100 Days100 Days

November 11, 1918November 11, 1918

Cease fire at 11:00 AMCease fire at 11:00 AM Germany will surrenderGermany will surrender Canadian George Lawrence PriceCanadian George Lawrence Price

**Treaty of **Treaty of Versailles**Versailles** 1919 peace treaty to 1919 peace treaty to

end warend war German military German military

reducedreduced Germany lost Germany lost

coloniescolonies Germany must pay Germany must pay

for war costsfor war costs

And the big one…And the big one…Germany take total Germany take total blame for the warblame for the war

WOULD LEAD TO WOULD LEAD TO WW2WW2

Results of WarResults of War

Before war PoliticalBefore war Political MonarchsMonarchs England, Germany, England, Germany,

France, Russia were France, Russia were superpowerssuperpowers

After war PoliticalAfter war Political Move to democracy or Move to democracy or

totalitarianismtotalitarianism Germany and Russia Germany and Russia

into Revolutionsinto Revolutions USA rises to powerUSA rises to power France, England lose France, England lose

powerpower Breakdown of Middle Breakdown of Middle

EastEast

GOOD BYE GOOD BYE MONARCHIESMONARCHIES

Results of WarResults of War

Before War EconomicBefore War Economic

Imperialism and landImperialism and land Big Superpowers all Big Superpowers all

had colonieshad colonies Agricultural lifestyleAgricultural lifestyle

After war EconomicAfter war Economic

Colonies demand Colonies demand independence (new independence (new nations emerge)nations emerge)

IndustrializationIndustrialization UrbanizationUrbanization USA money powerUSA money power Europe in debtEurope in debt

Results of WarResults of War

Technology priorTechnology prior HorseHorse SwordSword RifleRifle RadioRadio TrainTrain

Technology afterTechnology after Cars, planes, metal Cars, planes, metal

boatsboats Machine gunsMachine guns TanksTanks GasGas New weaponsNew weapons New communicationNew communication

Results of WarResults of War

Society priorSociety prior EurocentricEurocentric Women ownedWomen owned Ignorance of Ignorance of

minoritiesminorities Ignorance of Ignorance of

sovereign nationssovereign nations Official militaryOfficial military

Society afterSociety after AmericentricAmericentric Women gain voteWomen gain vote Birth of struggle for Birth of struggle for

global equalityglobal equality Civilian militaryCivilian military PARTY! 1920s…PARTY! 1920s…

The war to end all The war to end all wars ends!wars ends! Soldiers celebrate upon returning home Soldiers celebrate upon returning home

(alcohol and new music)(alcohol and new music) Women’s attitudes have changed Women’s attitudes have changed

(fashion, dating, work)(fashion, dating, work) Want the new technology (cars, indoor Want the new technology (cars, indoor

plumbing)plumbing) Roaring twentiesRoaring twenties