First Phase Final.ppt

AN ENANCED SENSORLESS CONTROL OF BLDC MOTOR DRIVE FOR AN AUTOMOTIVE FUEL PUMP

Thangavelu Engineering CollegeRajiv Gandhi Salai, (Old Mahabalipuram Road)

Karapakkam, Chennai - 600 097

Project Guided By : Mr. M. Prabu, M.E (Associate Prof)Project Done By : Parthasarathy.D

Register No : 312613415007

Degree / Department : ME Power Electronics & Drives

Batch : 2013-2015

Abstract

• This Project develops the brushless dc (BLDC) motor sensor less control system for an automotive fuel pump application using renewable source and gamma z concepts.

• The sensor less techniques that are based on a hysteresis comparator and a potential start-up method with a high starting torque are suggested.

• Instead of tapping dc power from batteries or from rectifier, a renewable source is employed as power source. This uses a unique Γ-shaped impedance network for boosting their output voltage in addition to their usual voltage buck behavior.

• Comparing them with other topologies, the proposed inverters use lesser components and a coupled transformer for producing the high-gain and modulation ratio simultaneously.


Introduction

• For the past two decades several Asian countries such as Japan, which have been under pressure from high energy prices, have implemented variable speed PM motor drives for energy saving applications such as air conditioners, Fuel Pump and refrigerators.

• On the other hand, the U.S.A. has kept on using cheap induction motor drives, which have around 10% lower efficiency than adjustable PM motor drives for energy saving applications. Therefore recently, the increase in energy prices spurs higher demands of variable speed PM motor drives.

• Also, recent rapid proliferation of motor drives into the automobile industry, based on hybrid drives, generates a serious demand for high efficient PM motor drives, and this was the beginning of interest in BLDC motors.

• BLDC motors, also called Permanent Magnet DC Synchronous motors, are one of the motor types that have more rapidly gained popularity, mainly because of their better characteristics and performance.

• These motors are used in a great amount of industrial sectors because their architecture is suitable for any safety critical applications.


Continued

• Renewable energy sources have been extensively deployed in the last decade to reduce the reliance of electric power generation on fossil fuels.

• Similarly engineers are under pressure to reduce high energy prices, have implemented variable speed PM motor drives for energy saving applications such as automotive fuel pumping applications.

• The voltage from source is setup to level that is required by the inverter to drive a PMBLDC motor. Various invention and technics in reliable drive control and development are in progress.

• The enhancement sensor less techniques that is based on a hysteresis comparator and a potential start-up method with a high starting torque for automotive fuel pumping application is suggested.


Need for Study

• To innovate new control strategies. • To provide backup for source.• To reduce size of the motor drive.• To reduce dependability on battery and alternators• To improve response


Existing Block DiagramAN ENANCED SENSORLESS CONTROL OF BLDC MOTOR DRIVE FOR AN AUTOMOTIVE FUEL PUMP

Limitation

• As the source voltage is in the form of battery, the source cannot be varied with same configuration.

• Since speed directly proportional to voltage, the speed variation requires additional complex circuit.

• Steady state error is more with P controller, which intern requires complex analysis to eliminate the same.

• Load current in steady state may over load the source, possibility of motor temperature rise.

• Fluctuation in output current waveform requires large filtering circuit.


Block Diagram ComparisonAN ENANCED SENSORLESS CONTROL OF BLDC MOTOR DRIVE FOR AN AUTOMOTIVE FUEL PUMP

Solar Panel γZ-Source InverterPMBL

DC Motor

SignalAmplifier

μc

Speed N

N refExisting Block Diagram

Project Block Diagram

Project - Block DiagramAN ENANCED SENSORLESS CONTROL OF BLDC MOTOR DRIVE FOR AN AUTOMOTIVE FUEL PUMP

Circuit DiagramAN ENANCED SENSORLESS CONTROL OF BLDC MOTOR DRIVE FOR AN AUTOMOTIVE FUEL PUMP

Solar Panel

• Solar energy is an alternative for conventional energy source.• Non Polluting the environment


Γ-Z-SOURCE INVERTERS

• For the trans-Z-source inverters, high gain is obtained by increasing their common transformer turns ratio γTZ, which is in agreement with classical transformer theories.

• Depending on the eventual voltage gain demanded, the raised γTZ might at times be excessive for realization. Because of this, Γ-Z-source inverters are proposed in this project as alternatives.

• The proposed inverters use the same components as the trans-Z source inverters, but with different transformer placement.

• This difference causes the Γ-Z-source gain to be raised by lowering, and not increasing, the transformer turns ratio γΓZ .


PI Controller

• A proportional-integral controller (PI controller) is a control loop feedback mechanism(controller) widely used in industrial control systems.

• A PI controller calculates an error value as the difference between a measured process variable and a desired set point. The controller attempts to minimize the error by adjusting the process through use of a manipulated variable.


Simulation Software UsedAN ENANCED SENSORLESS CONTROL OF BLDC MOTOR DRIVE FOR AN AUTOMOTIVE FUEL PUMP

Simulation Software Features

• Easy access to system models through Simulink• No complex programming knowledge is required• Power Electronics devices as models and ready to use• Computational Efficiency is more• Reduce Memory Requirements• Run time is reduced compared to other• Updating of Simulink Library is done periodically• Students version is available


Output

Solar PV Panel Output

Z – Source Output


Output

Switching pulse for inverter (m1, m2,m5)


Output

Inverter line voltages


Output

Torque

Motor speed


Application

• Automotive fuel pumps application• Vehicle application• Rigs and Mines


Advantages

• Maximum commutation phase lag is significantly reduced from −13◦to −3◦• The commutation signal is nearly in phase with the back EMF• Achieving the maximum starting torque• The magnitude of the stator current for aligning the rotor position can be

easily controlled by modulating the pulse width of specific switching devices

• Load current is smooth and fluctuation can be eliminated.


First Phase Final.ppt

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