First Nations and Inuit Economies

Time Immemorial

• Time Immemorial – A period so far back in time that no living person has any recollection of it and no record can be found to prove the existence of a particular custom, claim, or right.

Aboriginal Groups in Canada

• Aboriginal – Living in a land from earliest times; known as the First Peoples

• There are three aboriginal groups in Canada:– Inuit – First Peoples living north of the tree line– First Nations – First Peoples who live on the land

that is now Canada that is below the tree line– Métis – Children of First Nations or Inuit women

and European traders

A Pre-Industrial Economy

• Pre-Industrialized Economy - A time before there were machines and tools to help perform tasks, or a place that has not yet become industrialized

Pre-Industrial EconomyNeeds and

WantsProduction Distribution

• Food and Handmade Goods

• Family Farms or Hunting Groups

• Simple Tools Operated by Human, Wind, Water, or Animal Power

• Sharing, Trading, or Buying and Selling

Is This A Pre-Industrial Economy?

What do people need and want?

• In the past, First Nations and Inuit based their economies on land and natural resources.

• Natural resources are resources which are found in nature such as trees, animals, stone etc.

• Needs and wants were based on survival – First Nations and Inuit needed and wanted what was necessary to survive.

How will we produce those goods and services?

• First Nations and Inuit people produced the goods and services they needed very efficiently. They did not waste any of their resources.

• People mostly lived in family groups and travelled through the year depending on what resources were available.

• Everyone worked together, everyone had a job to do.

No One Owned The Land

• Private Ownership – The idea that a one person has complete control over an area of land

• First Nations and Inuit people saw themselves as part of nature. They did not believe anyone “owned” the land.

• As a result, they were very careful about how they used land and the resources it provided.

How will the goods be distributed?

• Because everyone helped with the production of goods, everyone shared equally.

• In hard times, everyone helped one another so that they could survive.

• Each nation used large areas of land and water to gather their resources. Sometimes these nations had clear boundaries, but many times, even the land itself was shared equally among groups.