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Avoiding Lumbar Spine Injury During Resistance Training Christopher J. Durall, DPT, SCS, LAT, CSCS University of Wisconsin–LaCrosse, LaCrosse,Wisconsin Robert C. Manske, CSCS, MPT, MEd, ATC, SCS Wichita State University,Wichita, Kansas Via Christi Sports and Orthopedic Physical Therapy,Wichita, Kansas © National Strength and Conditioning Association Volume 27,Number 4,pages 64–72 Keywords: lumbar spine; injury; resistance training L umbar spine injury is extremely pervasive and can be extraordinar- ily debilitating. It has been esti- mated that up to 80% of adults eventu- ally will develop some form of low back pain (12). In addition, it has been esti- mated that 10–15% of all sporting in- juries involve the spine (21, 35–37). The compressive, shear, tensile, and tor- sional forces on the lumbar spine during resistance training may be sufficient to cause injury, especially if these forces are concentrated by virtue of the exerciser’s mechanics. In this article we will review briefly the anatomy and pathologic me- chanics of common lumbar spine in- juries during weight training and discuss strategies for injury prevention. Our in- tent is not to provide an exhaustive re- view of lumbar spine pathologies, nor is it to enable strength and conditioning professionals to diagnose and to treat lumbar spine injuries. Instead, we hope to raise awareness of common resistance exercises that putatively are more likely to cause lumbar spine injury. In addi- summary In this manuscript, the injury risk to the lumbar spine during common resistance exercises is discussed. Al- ternative, theoretically less risky ex- ercises are presented. 64 August 2005 • Strength and Conditioning Journal Figure 1. Anterior and posterior aspects of the lumbar spine. (a) anterior aspect of lum- bosacral spine. 1, anterior longitudinal ligament; 2, intervertebral foramen; 3, spinous process; 4, spinal nerve; 5, inferior facet; 6, superior facet; 7, interverte- bral disk; 8, sacrum; and 9, coccyx. (b) posterior aspect of lumbosacral spine. 1, superior facet; 2, transverse process; 3, inferior facet; 4, intervertebral disk; 5, posterior longitudinal ligament; 6, pars interarticularis; 7, spinous process; 8, lamina; 9, facet joint capsule; 10, sacral ala; 11, sacral foramina; and 12, coccyx. With permission from J.A. Nicholas and E.B. Hershman (29). a b
Transcript of First English Words - Amazon Web Servicesresources.collins.co.uk.s3.amazonaws.com/email/HTML...
First English Words
Encourage a love of learning English. Through fun, engaging activities and beautiful illustrations, young learners of English practise the words they need to learn with the help of Ben, Daisy and Keekee the monkey.
Age3–7
A book that will be read over and over againEnglish-Speaking Union
First English Words
Includes CD with songs to help children learn English through play
Winner of the title ‘Best entry for young readers’ at the English-Speaking Union (ESU) English Language Book Awards 2012.
Packed full of fun and useful everyday vocabulary and a CD with 36 songs, this beautifully illustrated vocabulary book encourages a love of learning English.
www.collinselt.com/firstenglishwords
First English Words Teacher’s BookAuthors: Hans Mol and Niki Joseph
An essential guide for teachers using the First English Words vocabulary book and Activity Books in their classroom.
● Engaging lesson plans based around topics from First English Words● Information on teaching young learners, and techniques for building your own lesson plans● Photocopiable activity sheets for each lesson ● Photocopiable flashcards and ideas for games and activities
Downloadable audio material and ideas for using the songs from First English Words
First English Words FlashcardsOne hundred bright and colourful flashcards with ideas and instructions for fun games and activities to help children learn the words. The flashcards can be used independently or alongside the First English Words vocabulary book and with the First English Words Activity Books.
First English Words Activity Book 1 and 2Authors: Hans Mol and Niki Joseph
Two activity books containing simple but engaging activities with pre-reading and pre-writing tasks. The activity books are inspired by the award-winning First English Words and can be used together with the vocabulary book or on their own.
First English Words 978-0-00-743157-1 PB+CD
First English Words Activity Book 1 978-0-00-752313-9 PB
First English Words Activity Book 2 978-0-00-752312-2 PB
First English Words Teacher’s Book 978-0-00-753600-9 PB
First English Words Flashcards 978-0-00-755879-7 100 cards
First English Words Activity Pack 978-0-00-753658-0 Mixed Media
Sample page from First English Words Activity Book 1
First English Words Activity PackThe First English Words Activity Pack provides an inspirational pre-school vocabulary acquisition programme. Perfect for an introduction to English or as a supplement to more extensive English programmes.
The pack contains: ● First English Words ● First English Words Activity
Books 1 and 2 ● First English Words Teacher’s
Book ● 4 posters● 100 A5 flashcards● 35 A4 story cards● Audio CD
NEW
www.collinselt.com/firstenglishwords
