Early Settlement of Colonial America The English Settlements.
First English Settlements
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Transcript of First English Settlements
First English Settlements
Roanoke - 1585
• Sir Walter Raleigh.
• Located near the Outer Banks in North Carolina.
• Became the Lost Colony and is still a mystery today.
• Speculation.
Jamestown - 1607
Jamestown Expedition
• Council - 6 (Captains)
• Preacher - 1 Sailor - 1
• Blacksmith - 1 Bricklayer - 2
• Carpenter - 6 Masons - 1
• Barber - 1 Drummer - 1
• Laborers - 13 Boys - 4
• Gentlemen - 29
• Virginia Company of London secured a charter from King James I.
• Original settlers were unprepared for life in a hostile environment. “Too many chiefs”. Over half of the company were “gentlemen”.
• Starvation in a land of plenty.
• Captain John Smith takes command.
• The Algonquian tribe and Powhatan.
Why was there trouble with the Indians?
• Spreading the myth of white supremacy?
• Beginning of the near genocide of the Native American peoples.
In 1612, John Rolfe began cultivating tobacco. This:
• Gave the colonists a cash crop that grew well in Virginia soil.
• Pushed settlements westward.
(Which led to ?)
• Limited the prosperity of Virginia to one crop.
• 1619. First black slaves sold. Significance?
Tobacco
Plymouth - 1620
• Pilgrims.• Religious freedom.• William Bradford.• Was later absorbed by
the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
Massachusetts Bay - 1630
• Puritans. Wished to purify the Anglican Church of anything resembling Catholicism.
• Congregationalists & Separatists.
• Secured a charter from King Charles I.
• Led by John Winthrop. “City on a hill.”
• Prospered from the start. Started with 17 ships and 1000 settlers. Well equipped with food, tools and valuable skills.
Puritan v. Pilgrim
• Social class.
• Covenant concept: voluntary but sacred agreements by which they understood themselves to be bound together in church and community.
• Mayflower Compact. Consent of the governed.
• Relationship between church and state.
• Attitude.