FIRST AID TRAININGFIRST AID TRAINING

Dr. Sümeyra AĞCA

WHAT IS FIRST AID? WHAT IS FIRST AID?

First Aid AwarenessFirst Aid Awareness

What is First Aid: First Aid is the assistance or treatment given to a casualty for

any injury or sudden illness before the arrival of an ambulance or qualified medical expert. It may involve improvising with facilities and materials available at the time.

DOES NOT take the place of proper

medical treatment.

First AidFirst Aid

• In the U.S. every year:– 2 million hospitalized due to injuries– 140,000 die from injuries– 500,000 die from heart attacks– 150,000 die from strokes

InjuriesInjuries

• The leading cause of death and disability in children and young adults

• Brain and spinal cord injuries: cause of death and permanently disabled

• Disabling injuries from unintentional causes:–One disabling injury every 2

seconds–One fatality every 6 minutes

Aim of First AidAim of First Aid

•P reserve Life Airway

Breathing

Circulation

• P revent Worsening Stop bleeding

Treat shock

Treat other injuries

•P romote Recovery Reassure

Relieve pain

Handle with care

Protect from harm

First AidFirst Aid

• Proper procedures may mean the difference between:– Life and death– Rapid or slow recovery– Hospitalization– Temporary disability or permanent injury

Qualities of First AiderQualities of First Aider• Observant• Tactful• Resourceful• Explicit• Discriminating

Lawsuit SocietyLawsuit Society

Legal AspectsLegal Aspects

• No one is required to render first aid unless:– You have already begun first aid procedures– Designated by employer– Pre-existing responsibility

Legal AspectsLegal Aspects

• Once first aid has begun, you are not to leave until:– The victim is under the care of someone with equal or greater

training – The victim refuses treatment or transportation

• If you do leave, you may be charged with:

– ABANDONMENT

Protect-Examine-AlertProtect-Examine-Alert

You must assess the situation and

1 - Protect

2 - Examine

3 - Alert

Only after having performed these 3 steps will you actually provide First Aid.

1 - Protect1 - Protect

Protect yourself and the injured person

• Consider your health as well as the victim’s

– Do not become a victim yourself

Avoid another accident by eliminating the cause:

– Turn-off the electricity to equipment– Have someone control traffic– Keep bystanders away from the scene of the accident– Extinguish fire if possible without putting yourself in danger– Protect yourself against blood borne pathogens (AIDS,

Hepatitis)

Break the circuit

• Be careful about the danger• Be careful about the danger

Fundamentels of first aidFundamentels of first aid

a. The first rule of first aid and the primary concern is: Safetyb.The second concern is, unless the victim is in a life-threatening

situation, he or she should: Not be moved

2 - Examine the victim2 - Examine the victim

• Position the body– The victim must be lying

• On his or her back (if the victim is face down, roll him or her over onto his or her back)

• On a firm, flat surface

– Kneel at the victim’s side– Remove any restrictive clothing from the victim’s chest area

2 - Examine the victim2 - Examine the victim

• Check for responsiveness and unconsciousness

• Check for breathing• Check for circulation• Look for severe external bleeding

3- Alert: When to Phone for Help3- Alert: When to Phone for Help

• Ask for help whenever:– Someone is seriously ill or injured– You are not sure what to do

• Examples of someone who is seriously ill or injured:– Does not respond to voice or touch– Has chest discomfort– Has signs of stroke– Has a problem breathing

3 - Alert3 - Alert

Call 112 or the local emergency number:• give your location• tell your telephone number• describe nature of emergency (fire, explosion, drowning, fall,

motor vehicle accident, etc.)• tell them number of victims involved • describe seriousness of injuries• advise of hazardous material involvement

Do not hang up until you are sure that the person at the other end has all the info and have them repeat the address to send assistance.

• Make CPR

(if necessary)

• Place in the Recovery Position• Keep under Observation (until emergency services arrive)