first aid care of burns

8/7/2019 first aid care of burns

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FIRST AID CARE OF

BURNSHope Charmaine D. Vera

BSN - RN


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Objectives

To discuss and identify the causes and

the different types of burns.

To determine the corresponding

appropriate first aid care of each type of

burns.


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Topic Outline

A. Causes of burns

B. Types of Burns according to Severity1. First Degree Burns

2. Second Degree Burns

3. Third Degree Burns

C. First Aid Care of Burns


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Burn Statistics

2nd leading cause of accidental death in US

41,000 heat burns average:4 lost days of workeach

15,700 chemical burns average: 2 lost days of

work each. Breakdowns were as follows: 5,800

manufacturing (such as chemical manufacturers);3,200 service industry; 2,600 retail industry.


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BurnsAn injury involving the skin,

including muscles, bones,

nerves & blood vessels


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Causes ofBurns


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Thermal burns

are caused by

heat. caused by a

flame, a hot

object, steam, orthe fireball from a

nuclear explosion.


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Electrical burns

caused by an electrical current

passing through the body, such asfrom coming into contact with a

"live" electrical wire.


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Chemical burns

caused by liquid or dry chemicals such

as ammonia, caustic soda, quick-lime,or white phosphorus (WP).


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Radiant energy burns

caused by lasers, electric welding

arcs, ultraviolet light, andmicrowaves

primary danger is to the eyes.


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Types ofBurns

According to Severity


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1st degree Burns

Involves only the

top layer of theskin, the epidermis

Skin is dry, RED &

EXTREMELYPAINFUL


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2nd degree Burns

Involve the epidermis

& some portion of thedermis

Moist, mottled, white

to red skin

BLISTERS arecommon

EXTREMELY PAIN


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3rd degree Burns Extend through all

skin layers & may

involve fat tissues,

muscles, bones, or

internal organs

Dry, leathery skin White, dark brown, or

even charred skin

May not be painful


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What to DO

Remove victim from source of burn

Eliminate the cause of the burn

Stop, Drop, & Roll

Immerse in cold waterDouse victim with water


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What to DO

Cover area with sterile dressing

or non adhesive bandage 2nd

& 3rd degree

Keep burned arm or leg raised Get medical help


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Caution

DO NOT remove clothing stuck to the skin

DO NOT forget to remove jewelry ASAP

DO NOT apply salve, grease, butter cream,

spray, home remedy, or any other coating

DO NOT break any blisters


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Identification


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What doyou t

hink?


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Scenario1

After an hour in the sun, Cadet dela

Cruz noticedhis face was red andhurta bit. He went tohis cabin andput it

under cool running water.


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Scenario2

Mr. Lopez, a steward got burned by boiling

soup andhis arms are red, swollen andcovered with blisters. His co - workers

immediatelypoured icy waterfrom the

fridge ontohis skin and then put some

ointmenton his burn.


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Thankyou!

first aid care of burns

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