FIREPUMP -senator.Libya
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Transcript of FIREPUMP -senator.Libya
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Fire Pump Theory
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Objectives
3-2.1, 6-2.1
Produce effective hand or master streams, given the
sources specified in the following list, so that the
pump is safely engages, all pressure control andvehicle safety devices are set, the rated flow of the
nozzles is achieved, and maintained, and the
apparatus is continuously for potential problems.
Internal Tank Pressurized source
Static source
Transfer from internal tank to external source
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Positive Displacement Pumps
Hydraulic Law: When pressure is applied toa confined liquid, the same pressure is equally
transmitted within a liquid in all directions
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2 Basic Types
Pistons & Rotary
Pistons
Pistons moves back & forth in cylinder
Rotary- 2 types
Rotary gear
Rotary vane
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CentrifugalPumps
Depends on velocity of water
produced by centrifugal force to
provide necessary pump
discharge pressure
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Principle of Operation &
Construction
Disk tends to throw water
Velocity is created is converted into more pressure
Volume is dependent
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Terms to be familiar with
Impeller-
transmit energy
to pressure
Volute- water
passes and
pressure is
increased
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3 Factors That Influence
Pressure
Amount of Water
Speed the impeller is turning
Pressure the water enters
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Single-Stage Centrifugal
Pump
Constructed of one impeller
T St C t if l Fi
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Two-Stage Centrifugal Fire
Pumps
Two Impellers
within a single
housing Allow delivery in
Volume(parallel)
or Pressure (series)
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Pump Wear Rings & Packing
Higher rpm, the more wear
Indication of wear:
Increased rpm to pump capacityTo restore capacity:
Replace wear rings
Replace hub of impeller
When discharges are shutoff, heat builds
Always circulate water
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Pump Mounting and Drive
Arrangements
Cost, appearance, spacerequirements, and ease of
maintenance are considerations
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Auxiliary Engine-Driven Pumps
Independent engine fire pumps
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Power Take-Off Drive
Mostly used on wildland, and mobile watersupply apparatus.
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Front-Mounted Pumps
More susceptible to freezing
temperaturesVulnerable to collisions
Pump control are in front of the
vehicle
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Midship Transfer Drive
Located in the drive line between
the transmission & rear axle
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Rear Mount PumpsMore weight distribution
Gives more compartment spaceDriver is exposed to oncoming traffic
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Pump Piping and Valves
Corrosion resistant, and made of cast
iron, brass, stainless steel, or galvanized
steel
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Intake Piping
Tank Water
Most fires can be extinguished
500 gpm or less should flow 250 gpm Greater than 500 gpm, flow at least 500 gpm
External Water
Primary piping is large diameter Round near the intake
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Discharge Piping
750 gpm or greater should be equipped
with at least 2 2 discharges
Smaller outlets used for preconnects
Tank fill lines should be provided
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Valves
Should permit flow with minimumfriction loss
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Automatic Pressure Control
Devices
NFPA requires devices to operate within 3-10seconds with no more than 30 psi rise
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Relief Valves
Discharge relief valves
Spring controlled pilot valves
Alternative relief valves
Intake relief valves
Factory supplied
Add-on device
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Pressure Governor
Regulates by mechanical or electronic means
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Priming Methods and Devices
Success depends on ability to create a lowerpressure
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Positive Displacement Pumps
High rpm required
1,000-1,200 rpm
Most require oil
Seals gaps
Preserve and prevent corrosion
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Exhaust Primers
Uses venturi principle
Requires maintenance due tocarbon deposits
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Vacuum Primers
Simplest type
Line connected from intake manifold to
intake of fire pump
2 dangerous conditions
Explosives gases
Water drawn into manifold
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Pump Panel
Instrumentation
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Master Intake and Discharge
Gauges
Master Intake Gauge
Measures positive & negative
Calibrated 0-600 psi positive, 0-30 inches
negative
Provides information of water available &
vacuumMaster Pump Discharge Gauge
Registers pressure leaving the pump
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Tachometer
Records engine speed in revolutions perminute
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Pump Engine Coolant
Temperature Indicator
Reflects temperature of engine coolant
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Pump Engine Oil Pressure
Indicator
Shows adequacy oil pressure
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Voltmeter
Indicates condition of battery and alternatoroutput by measuring voltage.
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Pump Pressure Indicators(Discharge Gauges)
Connected to individual discharges
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Pumping Engine Throttle
Used to increase or decrease engine speedduring pumping operations
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Primer Control
Controls priming device for drafting
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Water Tank Level Indicator
Indicate the amount of water level in tank
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Auxiliary Cooling Devices
2 types of auxiliary coolers:
Marine
Immersion