Firefly Electric and Lighting Corp. Training and Organizational … · 2020. 7. 10. · Passive...

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Business Writing Firefly Electric and Lighting Corp. Training and Organizational Development Human Resources Department Module 2 WORKING WITH WORDS

Transcript of Firefly Electric and Lighting Corp. Training and Organizational … · 2020. 7. 10. · Passive...

Page 1: Firefly Electric and Lighting Corp. Training and Organizational … · 2020. 7. 10. · Passive Voice . TENSES of VERBS . TENSES of VERBS Grammar rules details of language syntax.

Business Writing

Firefly Electric and Lighting Corp. Training and Organizational Development

Human Resources Department

Module 2

WORKING WITH WORDS

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Module 2

Lesson 6

Tenses of Verbs

The Perfect Tenses

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Grammar A. Tenses of Verbs

Simple tenses

Continuous/ Progressive tenses

Perfect tenses

B. Subject –Verb Agreement

C. Voices of Verb (Transitive Verb)

Active Voice

Passive Voice

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TENSES of VERBS

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TENSES of VERBS

Grammar rules details of language syntax. Like spelling issues, grammar violations in a business document can reflect negatively on a professional or a company. Care should be taken that all business documents are grammatically correct.

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TENSES of VERBS There are two grammar issues most writers

have trouble with - tenses of verb and subject-verb agreement. This part of Module 2 will deal with discussion of tenses of verb.

Modern English has two sets of tenses- the simple tenses and the perfect tenses. Each set has a corresponding continuous or progressive tenses.

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Grammar Simple tenses: Present tense, Past tense and Future tense

Progressive tenses: Present progressive, Past Progressive and

Future Progressive

Perfect Tenses: Present Perfect, Past Perfect and Future Perfect

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Module 2

Lesson 6B

The Past Perfect Tense

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Module 2

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The Past Perfect Tense Definition: The Past Perfect tense is the

tense of the verb used to describe an earlier action that took place in the past before another past action. It is used to make clear that the event or state happened before another in the past. It does not matter what event is mentioned first , the tense makes it clear which one happened first.

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The Past Perfect Tense Format of Past Perfect tense: had + past participle form of the verb applies to all subjects- singular or plural 1. The stranger had jumped into the swimming pool before earlier action using past perfect tense

the pool attendant could stop him. later action using past tense

2. I could not charge my purchases because I had misplaced later action earlier action

my credit card two weeks ago. specific time in the past.

Note: It is possible to use specific time or phrases with Past Perfect tense. The simple past , however, should be used when “before” or “after” is used in the sentence. ( Example # 1)

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The Past Perfect Tense Conditions in the use of Past Perfect tense: 1. completed action before another past action.

o Shelley accepted Brad’s explanation because she had later action 2nd earlier action

actually witnessed what had happened in the gym. 1st earlier action

o The bus had left before I arrived at the terminal. earlier action later action

o Vanessa had drawn the Miag-ao Church from later action

memory as she had seen it during her trip to Iloilo. earlier action (optional)

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The Past Perfect Tense 2. action in a reported speech (said, told, asked, thought, wondered, explained, stated, etc)

o Julia wondered whether her son had read her message.

o Peter asked if I had seen the movie version of “Harry Potter.”

o Lucy told Frank that Nemee had left him a newly -baked chocolate cake.

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The Past Perfect Tense

3. duration before something (an event or

state) in the past

o Denise had worked at SM before an agent recruited her to work in Hongkong.

o The survivors had endured countless hardship before an Army scout located them.

o Jackie had thought of joining a religious congregation but her mother was against it.

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The Past Perfect Tense

4. action in a hypothetical past- talking about things that never happened

o If we had gone by taxi, we wouldn’t have been late for the wedding.

o I wish I had taken my umbrella. I wouldn’t have been caught by the sudden rain.

o If only John had returned home before the conflict between the military and the Muslims, he would have been safe.

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The Past Perfect Tense Adverb indicators used with Past Perfect

tense:

• already, for since, yet

• after, as soon as, the moment, until

• until then, never, ever, in X (month, year)

• when, before, by the time – time expressions used with simple past when appended to a clause with past perfect tense verb.

Page 17: Firefly Electric and Lighting Corp. Training and Organizational … · 2020. 7. 10. · Passive Voice . TENSES of VERBS . TENSES of VERBS Grammar rules details of language syntax.

The Past Perfect Tense Adverb indicators used with Past Perfect

tense:

• already, for since, yet

• after, as soon as, the moment, until

• until then, never, ever, in X (month, year)

• when, before, by the time – time expressions used with simple past when appended to a clause with past perfect tense verb.

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The Past Perfect Tense

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The Past Perfect Tense Write the correct form of the enclosed verb in the Past Perfect Tense. 1. After Lalaine (leave) _____, I saw her purse on the sofa. 2. ____ Susan ever (travel) _____ outside of the country before she came to Singapore? 3. Philip (quit)______ his job because he wanted a high paying position. 4. Bobby not (see) _____ that movie before you asked him about it.

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The Past Perfect Tense 5. ____ you ever (do) ______this project or something like this before you attended the seminar? 6. How many songs Joan (sing) _____ before the brownout occurred? 7. By the time Josh decided to propose, Laurie (leave) _____ the country for a high paying job abroad. 8. The policeman (catch) _____several jaywalkers before the patrol car arrived

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The Past Perfect Tense

If you got a score of 4 or less in the practice exercises, please review the notes on Past Perfect tense before taking the quiz.

Please look over the uploaded “Learning about Verbs” notes in Quia and check whether there are other facts you need to include in your Cheat Sheet.

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The Past Perfect Tense Write the correct form of the enclosed verb in the Past Perfect Tense. 1. After Lalaine (leave) had left, I saw her purse on the sofa. 2. Had Susan (travel) ever travelled outside of the country before she came to Singapore? 3. Philip (quit) had quit his job because he wanted a high paying position. 4. Bobby not (see) hadn’t seen that movie before you asked him about it.

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The Past Perfect Tense

5. Had you ever (do) done this project or something like this before you attended the seminar? 6. How many songs Joan (sing) had sung before the brownout occurred? 7. By the time Josh decided to propose, Laurie (leave) had left the country for a high paying job abroad. 5. The policeman (catch) had caught several jaywalkers before the patrol car arrived

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Module 2, Lesson 6B: The Past Perfect Tense Quiz

1. Please proceed to www. Quia.com/web

2. On the space provided, enter your log in name and your password.

3. Under “Quiz”, please select Lesson 6B, Quiz 1

4. Follow the instructions in the quiz.

5. Follow these same steps when you go to succeeding quizzes after every lesson.

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The Past Perfect Tense

End of Module 2, Lesson 6B