Fire ProtectionFire Protection

John GieferJohn Giefer

StatisticsStatistics

In the Drilling IndustryIn the Drilling Industry 25% of all inspections found violations of 25% of all inspections found violations of

1910.157 (21 inspections in 78 inspections)1910.157 (21 inspections in 78 inspections) 5% of all violations 5% of all violations

In the Service IndustryIn the Service Industry 9% of all inspections found violations of 1910.157 9% of all inspections found violations of 1910.157

(5 inspections in 58 inspections)(5 inspections in 58 inspections)

StatisticsStatistics

Most Frequently cited fire protection standards Most Frequently cited fire protection standards in the Oil and Gas Industryin the Oil and Gas Industry 1910.157(c)(1)-location and mounting1910.157(c)(1)-location and mounting 1910.157(c)(4)-maintain in operating condition1910.157(c)(4)-maintain in operating condition 1910.157(d)(1)-proper selection1910.157(d)(1)-proper selection 1910.157(e)(2)-monthly inspection1910.157(e)(2)-monthly inspection 1910.157(e)(3)-annual inspection1910.157(e)(3)-annual inspection 1910.157(g)(1)-training1910.157(g)(1)-training

GeneralGeneral

Two types of fire Two types of fire protection requiredprotection required General (for facility)General (for facility) Specific for operations or Specific for operations or

hazardous conditionshazardous conditions

GeneralGeneral

Appropriate StandardsAppropriate Standards 1910.38 Emergency Action Plans1910.38 Emergency Action Plans 1910.39 Fire Prevention Plans1910.39 Fire Prevention Plans 1910.156 Fire Brigades1910.156 Fire Brigades 1910.157 Portable Fire Extinguishers1910.157 Portable Fire Extinguishers 1910.158 Standpipe and Hose Systems1910.158 Standpipe and Hose Systems 1910.159 Automatic Sprinkler Systems1910.159 Automatic Sprinkler Systems 1910.160 Fixed Extinguishing Systems1910.160 Fixed Extinguishing Systems

GeneralGeneral

1910.161 Dry Chemical systems1910.161 Dry Chemical systems 1910.162 Gaseous Agent systems1910.162 Gaseous Agent systems 1910.163 Water Spray and foam systems1910.163 Water Spray and foam systems 1910.164 Fire detection systems1910.164 Fire detection systems 1910.165 Employee Alarm systems1910.165 Employee Alarm systems AppendicesAppendices

First DecisionFirst Decision

Flee or not to fleeFlee or not to flee Standards allow Standards allow

employer to determine employer to determine the degree of fire the degree of fire protection with which he protection with which he wishes to comply wishes to comply

DecisionDecision

Level 1 – total evacuationLevel 1 – total evacuation

Level 2 – fight small stage fires with essential Level 2 – fight small stage fires with essential personnel, evacuate otherspersonnel, evacuate others

Level 3 – fight fires with trained employeesLevel 3 – fight fires with trained employees

Level 1Level 1

Develop emergency action plan complying Develop emergency action plan complying with 1910.38with 1910.38 Must be in writing if 10 or more employees Must be in writing if 10 or more employees

affectedaffected Key provisions includeKey provisions include

How to report firesHow to report fires Designated exit routes, assembly points and method for Designated exit routes, assembly points and method for

accounting for employeesaccounting for employees Essential and critical functions defined and tasked to Essential and critical functions defined and tasked to

individualsindividuals

Level 1Level 1

Emergency Action Plan elementsEmergency Action Plan elements If employees assigned rescue/first aid duties, If employees assigned rescue/first aid duties,

establish proceduresestablish procedures Design employee responsible for plan changesDesign employee responsible for plan changes

Must have employee alarm systemMust have employee alarm system Must train Must train all all employeesemployees Review with employees when change occursReview with employees when change occurs

Level 1Level 1

Fire Protection Plan 1910.39Fire Protection Plan 1910.39 In writing unless less than 10 employeesIn writing unless less than 10 employees ElementsElements

List all major fire hazards, proper storage and handling List all major fire hazards, proper storage and handling procedures, sources of ignition and their controlprocedures, sources of ignition and their control

Procedures to control flammable and combustible wasteProcedures to control flammable and combustible waste Procedures to maintain safeguards installed on heat Procedures to maintain safeguards installed on heat

producing equipmentproducing equipment Name of responsible maintenance employeesName of responsible maintenance employees

Train all employeesTrain all employees

Level 2Level 2

Fighting small scale fires with partial Fighting small scale fires with partial evacuation of employeesevacuation of employees Establish emergency action plan for employees to Establish emergency action plan for employees to

evacuateevacuate Comply with 1910.157Comply with 1910.157 Train designated employees on use of fire Train designated employees on use of fire

extinguishersextinguishers

Level 3Level 3

Establish fire protection unit complying with Establish fire protection unit complying with 1910.1561910.156 Trained and equipped fire brigadeTrained and equipped fire brigade Handles all stages and types of fireHandles all stages and types of fire

Complying with 1910.157Complying with 1910.157

If employer has planned for total evacuation, If employer has planned for total evacuation, has an emergency action plan and a fire has an emergency action plan and a fire protection plan in place, employer protection plan in place, employer does not does not have to have fire extinguishers in place to have to have fire extinguishers in place to comply with OSHA standardscomply with OSHA standards

((this does not release him from any local fire this does not release him from any local fire regulations)regulations)

1910.1571910.157

General RequirementsGeneral Requirements Must be provided and Must be provided and

mountedmounted Only approved fire Only approved fire

extinguishers permittedextinguishers permitted Must be maintained Must be maintained fully fully

chargedcharged Must be kept in Must be kept in

designated locationsdesignated locations

1910.1571910.157

SelectionSelection Most fire hazards are Most fire hazards are

ABCABC Insure fire extinguishers Insure fire extinguishers

are designed for your fire are designed for your fire hazardhazard

1910.1571910.157

DistributionDistribution Class A fires – maximum travel 75 feetClass A fires – maximum travel 75 feet Class B fires – maximum travel 50 feetClass B fires – maximum travel 50 feet Class C fires – maximum travel (less of the two Class C fires – maximum travel (less of the two

above)above) Class D fires – maximum travel 75 feetClass D fires – maximum travel 75 feet (Employer may use a sprinkler system meeting the (Employer may use a sprinkler system meeting the

requirements of 1910.158 or 159 to meet Class A requirements of 1910.158 or 159 to meet Class A fire travel distances)fire travel distances)

1910.1571910.157

InspectionsInspections Visual inspection Visual inspection

monthlymonthly Annual maintenance Annual maintenance

check with records check with records retained for 1 yearretained for 1 year

Hydrostatic testing at Hydrostatic testing at designated intervalsdesignated intervals

1910.1571910.157

TrainingTraining If intended for use If intended for use

trained on principles of trained on principles of fire extinguisher use and fire extinguisher use and hazards of fighting hazards of fighting incipient stage firesincipient stage fires

Train affected employees Train affected employees annuallyannually

Specific Fire HazardsSpecific Fire Hazards1910.1061910.106

Storage of FlammablesStorage of Flammables Extinguisher with 12B Extinguisher with 12B

rating at least 10 feet rating at least 10 feet from any storage room from any storage room doorwaydoorway

Outside storage-12B Outside storage-12B rated extinguisher no rated extinguisher no closer than 10 feet, no closer than 10 feet, no farther than 25 feetfarther than 25 feet

Specific RequirementsSpecific Requirements

Refueling areasRefueling areas 1 extinguisher with a rating of 6BC located within 1 extinguisher with a rating of 6BC located within

75 feet of refueling area for class 1 liquids75 feet of refueling area for class 1 liquids 1 extinguisher with a rating of 8BC for locations 1 extinguisher with a rating of 8BC for locations

refueling with LPGrefueling with LPG

Odds and EndsOdds and Ends

1910.35 to 1910.37 1910.35 to 1910.37 Fire exitsFire exits Exit routesExit routes Life safety codeLife safety code