Finzi Born Finzi Graduates High School Finzi Teaches First BU Course Source: https://scripps.ucsd.edu/programs/keelingcurve/ Source: Petit et al. (1999). Nature 399: C h a l l e n g e s o f a C h a n g i n g E a r t h J u l y Source: C. D. Keeling and T. P. Whorf; Etheridge et.al.; Barnola et.al.; (PAGES / IGBP); IPCC CO 2 Concentration in Ice Cores and Atmospheric CO 2 Projection for Next 100 Years (BP 1950) Current CO 2 Concentration (ppmv) Vostok Record Mauna Loa Record C h a l l e n g e s o f a C h a n g i n g E a r t h J u l y Source: C. D. Keeling and T. P. Whorf; Etheridge et.al.; Barnola et.al.; (PAGES / IGBP); IPCC CO 2 Concentration in Ice Cores and Atmospheric CO 2 Projection for Next 100 Years (BP 1950) Medium to Low Projected (2100) Current CO 2 Concentration (ppmv) Vostok Record Mauna Loa Record IPCC Mid-Range Scenario IPIP IPIP IPCC Range AR4, 2007 Source: https://scripps.ucsd.edu/programs/keelingcurve/ Atmosphere contains both 12 C and 14 C CO 2 trees live for hundreds of years record the quantity of 12 C and 14 C in atm. THE SMOKING GUN carbon isotopic analysis links rising CO 2 to human fossil fuel burning THE SMOKING GUN fossil fuels were produced hundreds of millions of years ago, they contain no 14 C heidelberg.de/institut/forschung/groups/kk/14CO2_html Aerial Extent of summer Arctic Sea Ice, 1979 Aerial Extent of summer Arctic Sea Ice, Sept. 2012 The graph shows that estimates of annual industrial CO2 emissions in gigatons of carbon per year (GtC yr1) for 19902003 (black circles) and for 2009 (open circle) fall within the range of all 40 SRES scenarios (grey shaded area) and of the six SRES illustrative marker scenarios (coloured lines). The inset in the upper left corner shows these scenarios to the year Misrepresentation of the IPCC CO2 emission scenarios M. R. Manning, J. Edmonds, S. Emori, A. Grubler, K. Hibbard, F. Joos, M. Kainuma, R. F. Keeling, T. Kram, A. C. Manning, M. Meinshausen, R. Moss, N. Nakicenovic, K. Riahi, S. K. Rose, S. Smith, R. Swart & D. P. van Vuuren Nature Geoscience 3, (2010) What Happened to Global Warming? Judith Lean and David Rind (2009) Geophysical Research Letters Source: Petit et al. (1999). Nature 399: