FINSE: The WyCEHG Near-Surface Geophysics Facility

Wyoming Center for Environmental Hydrology and Geophysics

FINSE: The WyCEHG Near-Surface Geophysics Facility

FINSE Personnel


Steve Holbrook, Ph.D. Director Brad Carr, Ph.D.

Facility Manager

Where has FINSE worked?


What has FINSE done? Published/Submitted Papers & Short Courses:

2017: - Forward modeling to investigate inversion artifacts resulting from time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography during rainfall

simulations, A. Carey, G. Paige, B. Carr, Journal of Applied Geophysics. - Comparing Measurement Response and Inverted Results of Electrical Resistivity Tomography Instruments, A. Parsekian, N. Claes, K.

Singha, B. Minsley, B. Carr, E. Voytek, R. Harmon, A. Kass, A. Carey, D. Thayer, B. Flinchum, Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics.

- Symmetry based frequency domain processing to remove harmonic noise from surface nuclear magnetic resonance measurements, Hein, A., Larsen, J.J., and Parsekian A.D. , Geophysical Journal International

2016: - Geophysical imaging of shallow degassing in a Yellowstone hydrothermal system, S. Pasquet, W.S. Holbrook, B. Carr, K. Sims,

Geophysical Research Letters - Estimating snow water equivalent over long mountain transects using snowmobile-mounted ground-penetrating radar, Holbrook,

W. S., S. N. Miller, and M. A. Provart, Geophysics - Presence of rapidly degrading permafrost plateaus in south-central Alaska, Jones, B. M., Baughman, C. A., Romanovsky, V. E.,

Parsekian, A. D., Babcock, E. L., Stephani, E., Jones, M. C., Grosse, G., and Berg, E. E. , The Cryosphere - GPR-derived measurements of active layer thickness on the landscape scale with sparse calibration at Toolik and Happy Valley,

Alaska, Chen, A., A. D. Parsekian, K. Schaefer, E. Jafarov, S. Panda, L. Liu, T. Zhang, H. Zebker , Geophysics - CUAHSI – WyCEHG-FINSE Short Course: Near-Surface Geophysics for Hydrology, Aug. 15-19, Laramie, WY. 21 – Attendees.

2015: - Geophysical Imaging reveals topographic stress control of bedrock weathering, J. St. Clair, S. Moon, W.S. Holbrook, J.T. Perron, C.

Riebe, S. Martel, B. Carr, C. Harman, K. Singha, D. Richter, Science - Uncertainty estimates for surface nuclear magnetic resonance water content and relaxation time profiles, Parsekian, A. D., and D.

Grombacher, Journal of Applied Geophysics - CUAHSI – WyCEHG-FINSE Short Course: Near-Surface Geophysics for Hydrology, Jan. 12-16, Tucson, AZ. 20 – Attendees.

Currently 5 manuscripts in review and 4 manuscripts in revision & many in prep.


WyCEHG – Geophysical Tools


• Seismic Refraction, Reflection and Surface Wave • 240 channel capability, impact sources, 4.5Hz/10Hz/40Hz geophones, 2 – 24 channel borehole/marine

hydrophone arrays • Ground Penetrating Radar

• 3 - systems with 100MHz/250MHz/500MHz and 800MHz antennae • DC Resistivity/Induced Polarization/Self-Potential

• 5 – systems with ~ 56 electrode capability, 60 Non-Polarizable electrodes, 2 – 56 electrode borehole/marine cables

• Electromagnetics (shallow and deep) • Surface loop EM system (WalkTEM), 2 – handheld soil conductivity meters (DualEM and GEM2)

• Magnetics • Proton Precession Base Station and Cesium Vapor Gradiometer

• Nuclear Magnetic Resonance • Surface (GMR) and Borehole (Javelin & Dart)

• Gravity • CG-5 microgravimeter

• Borehole Geophysical Logging • Caliper, Optical Televiewer, Acoustic Televiewer, Natural Gamma, Fluid Temperature/Conductivity, Spectral

Gamma, Spinner Flowmeter, Heat Pulse Flowmeter, Electromagnetic/Magnetic Susceptibility, Full Waveform Sonic (3 receiver), Resistivity (normal 8”,16”, 32”, 64”) & Induced Polarization, and Fluid Sampler.

• Direct Push Sampling/Rotary Coring/HPT-EC Direct Imaging • Geoprobe 7822DT

Geophysical Instrumentation

Seismic Refraction

Magnetic Resonance Sounding

Ground-Penetrating Radar Electrical Resistivity

Microgravity

Shallow drilling/coring


Magnetic Gradiometry

Electromagnetic Induction

Downhole Logging

Audio magnetotellurics

http://explorationresourcesinternational.com

Time-domain EM

Summary of Geophysical Instrumentation


Microgravity

Method Equipment No. Method Equipment No. Method Equipment No.

Seismics

Geode 24-channel seismographs 10 Radar

GPR: Mala Pro-Ex base unit 2 Gravity

Scintrex microgravimeter CG-5 1

Borehole cables (24-channel hydrophones) 2

Mala 100 MHz antenna 1 TEM Abem WalkTEM 1

Truck hammer source 1

Mala 250 MHz antenna 2 Drilling

Geoprobe 7822DT 1

Geophones: 4.5 Hz 250

Mala 500 MHz antenna 2 EMI Geophex GEM-2 1

Geophones: 10 Hz 250

Mala 800 MHz antenna 2 DualEM 1-S 1

Geophones: 40 Hz 108

Sensors & Software base unit 1 GPS gear

Trimble GeoXH handhelds 3

Geophones: horizontal 100

S&S 100 MHz antenna 1

Trimble R8 base station/RTK 1

Resistivity/IP/SP

AGI Supersting (56 electrodes) 4

S&S 250 MHz antenna 1 Vehicles Freightliner 1

PowerSting system, 25kW trailer & Marine/Borehole system 1

S&S 500 MHz antenna 1 Big Cargo Trailer 1

MPT 64-electrode system 2 Magnetics

Magnetic gradiometer G858 1 F350 1

non-polarizable electrodes, Cu-CuSO4 30 G856 base stations 2 Lab Trailer 1 non-polarizable electrodes, Ag-AgCl 30

Downhole logging

Mount Sopris system 1 F250 1

NMR Vista Clara GMR 1

OBI, ABI, EM/Mag, Spectral Gamma, HeatPulse, SpinnerFlow, Water Sampler, RES/IP, WellCAD, Accessories 1 Misc

Small portable generator 1

CSAMT Geometrics Stratagem 1

Borehole NMR: Javelin 1

25 kW generator (trailer-mounted) 1

Geophysical Instrumentation


Microgravity

http://www.uwyo.edu/epscor/wycehg/research-facilities/finse/finse-equipment.html















Geophysical Instrumentation: Value (1/2)


Microgravity

Technique Equipment Purchase Price #Systems Total Equipment Costs

Seismics 96-channel seismic refraction $104,000 2 $208,000 Borehole cables, Truck hammer, and two extra Geodes $81,080 1 $81,080

Resistivity AGI Supersting (56 electrodes) $84,000 4 $336,000

PowerSting system, 25kW trailer & Marine/Borehole system $194,116 1 $194,116

MPT 64-electrode system $113,000 2 $226,000 Magnetics Magnetic gradiometer $39,000 1 $39,000

Extra G856 $17,000 1 $17,000

Radar GPR: base unit w/ 250 MHz $32,000 3 $96,000 100 MHz antenna $6,400 2 $12,800 500 MHz antenna $3,600 3 $10,800 800 MHz antenna $2,900 2 $5,800

Gravity Gravimeter $99,500 1 $99,500

Downhole logging Mount Sopris system $65,000 1 $65,000

OBI, ABI, EM/Mag, Spectral Gamma, HeatPulse, SpinnerFlow, Water Sampler, RES/IP, WellCAD, Accessories $195,000 1 $195,000 Borehole NMR: Javelin $267,368 1 $267,368

Geophysical Instrumentation: : Value (2/2)


Microgravity

Technique Equipment Purchase Price #Systems Total Equipment Costs

NMR Vista Clara GMR $180,000 1 $180,000 CSAMT Stratagem $75,000 1 $75,000 TEM Abem WalkTEM $75,000 1 $75,000 Drilling Geoprobe 7822 $250,000 1 $250,000 EMI GEM-2 $20,000 1 $20,000

GPS gear

Trimble GeoXH handhelds, base stations $86,943 1 $86,943

Vehicles Freightliner $26,999.00 1 $26,999 Big Cargo Trailer $4,300.00 1 $4,300 F350 $11,580.00 1 $11,580 LabTrailer $12,000.00 1 $12,000 F250 $23,000.00 1 $23,000

TOTAL: $2,618,286

Facility Space: 1220 Bill Nye Ave.


Microgravity

The Future?

• UW Near Surface Geophysics Instrument Center (UWNSG) – UW cost center under Geology and Geophysics

• IRIS Proposal to NSF – National Near Surface Geophysics Instrument Facility (NSGF) -currently in review with potential start in Oct. 2018

Thank you


What is WyCEHG? A center of excellence in environmental hydrology and hydrogeophysics that serves

water science and watershed management by providing cutting-edge tools to managers, scientists and educators in the public and private sectors.

• Funded by a 5-year, $20 M grant from NSF-EPSCoR (plus $4 M match from UW). • EPSCoR Track-1 Research Infrastructure Improvement grant • Expires June 30, 2017 • Two major facilities:

• The Facility for Imaging the Near- and Sub-surface Environment (FINSE): Geophysical Equipment

• The Surface and Subsurface Hydrology Lab (SSHL): Hydrological Equipment • Long-term: Transition to a self-supporting, national facility for hydrogeophysics • Find us at: www.uwyo.edu/WyCEHG


http://www.uwyo.edu/WyCEHG

Occasionally challenging field conditions…

Ground Penetrating Radar

Uses radar (EM) waves to provide information on:

• Geological layering

• Water content

• Temperature

Depth: a few meters

2D Direct Current (DC) Electrical Resistivity

Uses electric currents to provide information on:

• Porosity

• Lithology & Structure

• Water/gas content

• Temperature

Depth: ~10’s of meters

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)

Uses magnetic fields (like an MRI) to provide information on:

• Water content with depth


Self Potential (SP)

Uses natural voltage measurements to provide information on:

• Fluid flow pathways

(i.e. permeability channels)


3D Direct Current (DC) Electrical Resistivity

Uses electric currents to provide information on:

• Porosity

• Lithology & Structure


• Temperature


Transient EM (TEM) – “Deep”, Surface EMI

Uses inductively coupled EMI measurements to provide resistivity, and thus information on:


• Lithology

• Temperature


Airborne TEM (Transient Electromagnetic)

Uses inductively coupled EM measurements to provide resistivity, and thus information on:


• Lithology

• Temperature


FINSE: The WyCEHG Near-Surface Geophysics Facility

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