Finger print classification. What is a fingerprint? Finger skin is made of friction ridges, with...
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Transcript of Finger print classification. What is a fingerprint? Finger skin is made of friction ridges, with...
Finger print classification
What is a fingerprint?
• Finger skin is made of friction ridges, with pores (sweat glands). Friction ridges are created during fetal live and only the general shape is genetically defined
Primates also have fingerprints
So do koalas!
General Characteristics – macro-singularities
• Loops
• Whorls
• Arches
Arch
Tented Arch
Loops
Left loop Right loop
Double loops
Whorl
Type lines
Ridge lines often flow in parallel producing features called whorl , loop and delta
The ridge-line flow can be described by a directional map
(or directional image) which is a discrete matrix whose elements denote the orientation of the tangent to the ridge
lines.
Minutiae
• Minutiae play a primary role for fingerprint matching, since most of the algorithms rely on the coincidence of minutiae to state whether two impressions are of the same finger or not.
• Minutiae matching, which is essentially a point pattern matching problem, constitutes the basis of most of the automatic algorithms for fingerprint comparison.
Types of minutiae
Micro-singularities, called minutiae or Galton characteristics, are determined by termination or
bifurcation of the ridge lines.
Fingerprint minutiae
Bifurcation, ridge ending, core, delta
Deltas
Fingerprint matching – finding points of correspondence
Accidental – unusual combinations
Scars produce unusual patterns
Some skin conditions can produce altered fingerprints
Twins have different fingerprints: overall pattern is similar, differ in fine details