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Transcript of Financial System Analysis
External Guide Internal Guide
Mr.Ragunath.P Prof. Parul Todon
August, 2011
Submitted By
Pradeep Kumar Pradhan
Reg. No: A1032
DayananDa sagar business school
bangalore -560078
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 2
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the Project Report at
AVESTHAGEN LIMITED, BANGALORE.
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of
POST GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN MANAGEMENT
(Industry Integrated) To
DAYANANDA SAGAR BISUNESS SCHOOL, BANGLORE.
Is a record of bonafide training carried out by
PRADEEP KUMAR PRADHAN
Under my supervision and guidance and that no part of this report has been submitted for the award of any other degree /diploma /fellowship or similar titles or prizes.
FACULTY GUIDE
Signature:
Faculty Name: Prof. PARUL TONDON
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 3
Guide Certification
This is to certify that the report titled “FINANCIAL STATEMENT
ANALYSIS” has been prepared under my guidance and supervision. The report is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of Post Graduate Diploma in Management (Approved by AICTE) by student name Pradeep kumar Pradhan, Reg No A1032
and this report / study has not formed a basis for the award of any degree or diploma in any university / institution.
Place:-Banglore
Date:- Guide Name:- Prof. PARUL TONDON
Director Designation:-Sr lecturer
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 4
STUDENTS DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the Project Report conducted at
AVESTHAGEN LIMITED, BANGALORE,
under the guidance of
Prof. PARUL TONDON,
submitted in Partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
Degree of
POST GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN MANAGEMENT
(Industry Integrated) to
DAYNANDA SAGAR BISUNESS SCHOOL,
BANGLORE,
is my original work and the same has not been submitted for the award of any other Degree / Diploma / Fellowship or other similar titles or prizes.
Place: BANGALORE Pradeep Kumar Pradhan
Reg No.: A1032
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 5
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This satisfaction and euphoria that accompany the successful completion of any task would
be incomplete without mentioning the people who made it possible, whose guidance and
encouragement grow with all the efforts with success.
I consider as my privilege to express my sincere gratitude and respect to our Director Prof. R.K Vijaya Sarathy for permitting me to undertake this project.
I extend my sincere thanks to my company guide Mr. Raghunath .P(Finance Manager) for
his commendable inspiring guidance, valuable advice, encouragement and motivation given
to me to succeed in my endeavor.
I owe from the depth of my heart my gratitude to all those who were so generous in
extending their time and giving a lending hand to bring out this project.
I would also like to thank our friends for giving all the co-operation and confidence to me.
Pradeep Kumar Pradhan.
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 6
CONTENTS Sl. No. CHAPTER Page No.
01.
CHAPTER 01: INTRODUCTION
1.1 General Introduction 1.2 Industry Profile a. Origin and Development of the industry b. Growth and Present Status of the industry c. Future of the industry
08-23
08 08 08 11 14
02.
CHAPTER 02: PROFILE OF THE ORGANISATION
2.1 Origin of the Organization 2.2 Growth and Development of the Organization 2.3 Present Status of the Organization 2.4 Functional Departments of the Organization 2.5 Organization Structure and Organization Chart 2.6 Product and Service Profile of the Organization Competitor. 2.7 Market Profile of the Organization
24-46
24 25 31 32 37 38 46
03.
CHAPTER 03: DISCUSSIONS ON TRAINING
3.1 Student's Work Profile(Roles and Responsibilities) 3.2 Description of Live Experience
47-48
47 48
04.
CHAPTER 04: STUDY OF SELECTED RESEARCH PROBLEM
4.1 Statement of Research Problem 4.2 Statement of Research Objectives 4.3 Research Design and Methodology 4.4 Analysis of Data 4.5 Summary of Findings
49-92
49 49 50 51 80
05.
CHAPTER 05: SUMMARIES AND CONCLUSION
5.1 Summary of Learning Experience 5.2 Conclusion & Suggestion
93-95
93 95
06.
QUESTIONNAIRE
96-98
07.
BIBLOGRAPHY 99
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Sl. No.
LIST OF GRAPH & CHART
Chart No. Graph/ Chart Title Page No.
01.
02.
03.
04.
05.
06.
Chart 01
Chart 02
Chart 03
Chart 04
Chart 05
Chart 06
Growth and Development of Avesthagen Ltd.
Organization Chart
Comparison of P&L A/c from 2007 to 2009
Comparison of Balance Sheet from 2007 to 2009
Ratio Analysis of the year 2007-08
Ratio Analysis of the year 2008-09
05
29
54
60
61
62
Sl. No.
LIST OF TABLE Table No. Table Title Page No.
01.
02.
03.
04.
05.
06.
07.
Table: 01
Table: 02
Table: 03
Table: 04
Table: 05
Table: 06
Table: 07
Growth and Development of the Organization.
Profit and Loss Account of the year 2007-08
Profit and Loss Account of the year 2008-09
Balance Sheet of the year 2007-08
Balance Sheet of the year 2008-09
Ratio Analysis of the year 2007-08
Ratio Analysis of the year 2008-09
18
50
52
54
57
60
61
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 8
The project was carried out for Financial Statement Analysis of AVESTHAGEN LIMITED.
Avesthagen Limited was established in the year 1998, they are the old player in Bio chemical
sector, and the sector has two principal client segments – Research and Development of new
formulas. The company follows values such as – Integrity, teamwork, respect, professionalism,
& mission. The segment of company we are considering here is – pharmaceutical. The thing I
chosen for research is financial statement analysis of the company. The research helps me to
find out financial position of the Avesthagen Limited and awareness by promotion and also find
out the financial position of the Avesthagen Limited.
1.1
General Introduction:
1.2 Industry Profile:
Avestha Gengraine Technologies Pvt. Ltd. is India’s leading fully integrated
biotechnology & bioinformatics firm, focusing on the convergence between food,
pharma and clinical genomics leading to a personalized preventive medicine and
providing innovative solutions for global health problems in the areas of metabolic
disorders and infectious diseases.
(a.) Origin and Development of the Industry:-
CHAPTER – 01
INTRODUCTION
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Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 9
Avesthagen promotes high caliber science and technology, realizing its core mission
through its commitment to transparency and emphasis on ecologically viable strategies.
At Avesthagen, world-class management and excellent science leads to meticulous
internal quality control measures and indisputable results.
Avesthagen’s premises house fully equipped research laboratories and a bioinformatics
center. The infrastructure includes scientific equipments for DNA sequencing, PCR,
assay development, mammalian and plant tissue culture and hi-tech computational
analysis of genes and gene products.
Today, the success of Avesthagen's cutting edge approach is reflected in the
company's existing IP portfolio of 42 patent applications and 9 PCTs covering gene
discovery and transformation methodologies. Avesthagen plans to bring to market over
the next few years a range of branded products based on clinically validated nutritional
compounds.
Avesthagen’s subsidiaries Avgen INC, USA, AQUAS & Avesthagen Europe has
been formed to offer integrated biotechnology research & development services to large
biotechnology, pharmaceutical & agro companies in India and Worldwide.
Avgen Inc is the wholly owned subsidiary based in USA, This global operational
structure will enable the company to take advantage of India's low cost-structure for
research & availability of high-squealed internationally trained scientists. It also enables
Avgen Inc
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Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 10
to access India's unique biodiversity while maintaining the ability to raise capital and
market its products in more mature markets.
AQUAS is a joint venture between Avesthagen and ICRISAT, Hyderabad. AQUAS has been
established mainly for the purpose of Food, Water & Seed purity Testing in our labs located in
ICRISAT premises at Hyderabad.
Avesthagen Quality Agriculture Services (AQUAS)
Avesthagen Europe
Avesthagen Europe has been established to bridge the gap between India and Europe and
capitalize the new business development/marketing opportunities available in Europe. It also
acts as a vital knowledge management/transfer link to be in sync with the developments
happening in the international scenario.
Avesthagen had its academic beginnings in the National Centre for Biological Sciences
campus and the University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore in 1998. The legacy of
academic research and the vision to be pioneer in biotech sector, Avesthagen ventured
into the business domain in the early years of biotech boom. In Sept 1999 Avesthagen
acquired seed funding and Intellectual property from Rockefeller foundation and Indo
French Grants.
Avesthagen started its biotechnology era with the following projects : Engineering
for oxidative stress in rice, sponsored by the Rockefeller Foundation
Transformation and regeneration of Pearl millet supported by DFID, UK
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Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 11
• An Indo-French Project dealing with RNA editing as a molecular tool to generate
CMS Rice lines.
• In house work on the T2 transgenic plants (MnSOD), strategies of tomato and
tobacco callus regeneration, engineering chitinase gene for disease resistance.
The setting up of laboratories and scientific groups began simultaneously,
Bioinformatics group & Genomics division with the infrastructure for Sequencing,
Transformation & Marker Aided Selection and cDNA Library construction was set up to
take on world-class services in early 2000. The company ventured into
ethnopharmacogenomics with the inception of the proteomics division.
In late 2000 company moved out of the traditional clusters and hubs of science into the
International Technology Park and equipped with excellent environs for the business of
science.
(b.) Growth and Present Status of the Company:-
The Growth & Development Cycle at Avesthagen
Avesthagen specializes in the discovery, development and marketing of quality
ingredients aimed at degenerative conditions that combine nature, tradition and
technology.
In addition to a well-defined development cycle, Avesthagen also offers the following
technology advantages as part of its "Natural Products" platform:
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Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 12
ADePtTM
ADePtTM is a proprietary Indian medicinal plant resource developed by Avesthagen that
contains 3 complimentary data streams:
• Over 3000 formulations described in traditional medicine compendia like Ayurveda,
Unani or Siddha compendia classified by disease states. The formulations consist
primarily of one or more herbs. They have been developed empirically over several
thousand years, and there is demonstrated evidence that several of them have passed
extensive pre-clinical and clinical validation. This is primary source for lead selection.
• Listing of more than 2500 medicinal plants, and extensive information about their ethno
botanical uses, and pharmacognosy related information. This is used for adding validity
to selected leads.
• Listing of the structure of molecules and profiles of more than 15,000 compounds
common to plants reported to have biological activity across disease states. It is
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combined with a proprietary molecular profiling technology called MetaGridTM. It also
contains additional biological and chemical analysis of the potential leads.
Etiology-based Cell-assays
A series of cell-free (enzymatic) and cell-based assays are conducted to screen and validate
natural extracts specific to various etiologies within a medical condition. The assays are
classified into two groups - outcome oriented and mechanistic. The assays, now standardized
for variations within natural extracts, have proved invaluable as an indicator of bioactivity; in
elucidating potential mode of action; and helping in better planning of in-vivo and human trials
for efficacy.
MetaGridTM
MetaGridTM is a proprietary comparative metabolite analysis tool for fingerprinting of
phytoextracts. It enables us to track up to 250 metabolites across different varieties, batches
and extracts of a particular botanical. The result is better reproducibility of extracts and a more
exacting tool for quality control at the manufacturing level than is currently available.
Solvent-free Extraction
Supercritical fluids extraction (SFE) is increasingly replacing organic solvents due to regulatory
and environmental pressures on ozone-depleting emissions. SFE processes have eliminated
the use of hexane and methylene chloride as solvents. With increasing scrutiny of solvent
residues in pharmaceuticals, medical products, and nutraceuticals, and with stricter regulations
on VOC and ODC emissions, the use of SFE is rapidly proliferating in natural extracts.
Avesthagen has built competency to develop and implement supercritical CO2 extraction from
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Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 14
lab to commercial scale to ensure "solvent-free" ingredients. The following are the advantages
of SFE to our customers:
• No solvent residues. For industrial processes involving food or pharmaceuticals this is a
big plus.
• SCF derived extracts are regarded as "nature identical".
• Retains biological activity and allows minimal product degradation, particularly for
products such as polyunsaturated oils and complex lipids.
Supporting our Partners
• Discovery and validation of natural ingredients for health benefits.
• Optimization of organoleptics and physical characteristics to exactly fit YOUR food
product.
• Support product and concept design.
• Extensive safety studies and analysis for potential contaminants.
• Execution of well-designed clinical studies to demonstrate benefit.
• Solvent free manufacturing process for supply of ingredients.
• Marketing support to health professional.
Avesthagen focuses on generating novel nutraceutical products through application of its
integrated technology platform on the converging food and pharmaceutical sectors. The
program is developing medicinal plant based solutions for chronic degenerative conditions such
as diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis, etc. where no effective treatment currently exists.
Avesthagen plans to bring to market over the next few years a range branded therapeutic
nutritional compounds with supporting clinically validation.
(c.) Future of the Industry:-
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Avesthagen being a first discovery-based fully integrated biotechnology & bioinformatics
company believes in the theory of Food for Medicine, Seed for Food & Nutrigenomics.
Therefore the focus areas of Avesthagen is :
• Nutrition & Healthcare
• AgBiotechnology
• Research Process Outsourcing
Nutrition & Healthcare
In the highly competitive environment of contemporary pharmaceutical research, plant
natural products provide a unique element of structural diversity and biological
functionality, which are indispensable for biotherapeutic discovery. About 40% of the
drugs currently used are derived from natural sources. Throughout rural India,
traditional physicians use a large number of plants from the ambient vegetations to deal
with complicated diseases and ailments.
The WHO estimates that 80% of the population in developing countries rely on
traditional medicines, mostly plant drugs, for their primary health care needs. A survey
conducted by the All India Coordinated Research Project on Ethno-biology (AICRPE)
recorded over 5,000 rare species of wild plants used by tribals and other traditional
communities in India for treating various health problems. Recent studies of ethno-
medical information have confirmed plants as a reservoir of chemical agents with
therapeutic potential. The primary systems of traditional medicine practiced in India are
Siddha, Ayurveda, and Unani.
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The companies aims to discover novel multi-component bioactive natural products or
receptor target homologue peptides that can serve as leads for the development of
novel nutritional compounds to address unmet therapeutic needs in diabetes, obesity
and bone loss.
In order to support the research on diabetes, Avesthagen has been awarded a major
grant by the World Bank through the Sponsored Research & Development (SPREAD)
program.
Agbiotechnology
Enhancement of Quality traits for agronomically important plants is at one helm of
Avesthagen. The primary aim of the AgBiotech Gene Discovery Program is to identify
all genes responsible for the physical body, the chemical nature and growth of
agronomically important plants, with emphasis to Quality traits, tolerance to biotic and
abiotic stress for subsequent use in modifying the characteristics of the plant to
generate elite varieties.
Production of DHA and ALA in yeast and sunflower
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an w-3 fatty acid that is essential for the growth and
well being of infants, adults and senior citizens. It is an essential component of the brain
and the retina and is necessary for the growth and development of the fetal and
neonatal brain. Since the fetus and nursing child draw DHA from the mother, it is vitally
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important for the mother to have sufficient intake of DHA during pregnancy and
lactation. Reduced levels of DHA during this period lead to retarded neural
development, visual acuity and reduced childhood intelligence. Postnatal deficiency of
DHA may also induce a predisposition to adult degenerative diseases. Reduced levels
of DHA in older people predispose them to memory loss and neurological diseases.
The major demand for DHA is at present in the European infant formula market and is
expected to be 100 to 200 tons. DHA has been traditionally obtained from fish oils.
However, inconsistency in DHA content in fish oils and the undesirable fishy odor of the
product have spurred research for alternate sources of DHA. Thraustochytrium, a
marine unicellular organism, has been identified as an alternate source of DHA. Large-
scale production of DHA from Thraustochytrium and genetic engineering of yeast could
be a cost-effective alternative for the large-scale production of DHA.
Avesthagen is engaged in large-scale production of DHA from Thraustochytrium.
Scientists at Avesthagen are also cloning the genes of the DHA biosynthetic pathway
for introduction into yeast wherein yeast would be used as a vehicle for large-scale
production of DHA in fermentation cultures. An ongoing attempt to introduce the
necessary genes for production of a linolenic acid, a precursor of DHA, into sunflower.
Human beings have the capacity to convert ALA to DHA albeit with reduced efficiency.
In order to complete this project, Avesthagen has been awarded a USD 600,000 grant
by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) through the New Millennium
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Initiative for Technological Leadership in India program.
Enhancement of Quality traits (Aroma) in rice
Aroma in Basmati is one of the most important qualitative trait. This is because of the
presence of more than 100 compounds with 2-Acetyl-1- Pyrroline (2-AP) as the primary
component. The production of this compound is highly regulated by environmental
conditions.
The objective of the project is to identify the gene(s) responsible for aroma production in
Basmati Rice and to envisage the regulation of aroma production under different
environmental conditions and the pathway responsible for the production of 2-AP.
Production of Cytoplasmic Male Sterile (CMS) lines in Rice
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) is a maternally inherited trait resulting in abortion of
pollen grains. The high level of.
Rice is the world's most important crop and primary food source for one third of human
population. The aim of this project is to alter the function of complex I of the
mitochondrial respiratory chain. We will utilize the phenomenon of RNA editing to
generate transgenic rice expressing the unedited gene resulting in CMS rice varieties.
The modified new protein, targeted to mitochondria, will impair subunit assembly
resulting in a decrease in cellular energy levels and CMS.
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Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 19
This project involves introduction of both edited and unedited genes via biolistic method
of transformation into rice, tomato and cotton cultures followed by selection and
regeneration of plants.
Engineering plant tolerance to environmental stress
The three major abiotic stresses, drought, salinity, and (especially low) temperature, are
causing significant yield reduction in most crops. Abiotic stress in plants has emerged
as a significant problem in agriculture. Therefore plant engineering for increased stress
tolerance development has great potential and is currently the broad focus of the
company. Our results will provide the number and nature of all genes that are involved
in various stress tolerance and their response to alterations in osmotic and ionic
conditions, which make essential contributions to stress tolerance, and the mechanisms
of stress tolerance.
Engineering plants for Salt stress by over-expressing a putative protease
inhibitor -AGTSal11
Protease inhibitors play a key role in combating biotic stress in plants. This project
involves cloning of the above said AGTSal11 gene (antisense version) into plant
transformation vectors and to induce stress tolerance by over expressing in susceptible
rice varieties, chickpea and tomato. The objective is to assign a role in abiotic stress for
the gene AGTSal11 based on its expression pattern in IR64 (salinity susceptible line)
and Rasi (tolerant line) indica rice varieties. AGTSal11 was cloned from an RNA
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Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 20
differential display between control and salt-stressed etiolated seedlings of IR64 and
Rasi. The gene was expressed in IR64 etiolated seedlings, but not in Rasi seedlings.
This differential expression of the gene in indica rice genotypes with opposing abiotic
tolerance levels points to a role for AGTSal11 in salinity tolerance/susceptibility. The
antisense strand of the cDNA codes for a putative polypeptide with 143 aminoacids and
a deduced molecular mass of 156.87kDa. Using sequence analysis, secondary
structure prediction and molecular modeling, we were able to assign a putative function
for the protein encoded by the antisense cDNA, as a Bowman-Birk type II protease
inhibitor.
Cloning and transformation of cDRSS (cDNA Rasi Salt Stress) genes for salt
tolerance
A salt stressed cDNA library was made using the salt tolerant rice variety - Rasi - by
sub-cloning of full-length cDNA implicated in salt tolerance from this library, into plant
expression vectors. These sub-cloned genes are transformed into rice for increased
stress tolerance.
Isolation of DREB genes in rice and engineering for drought and high salt stress
tolerance in rice
DREB (Dehydration-Responsive Element Binding protein) genes are a family of five
genes involved in drought and salt stress tolerance and are induced by dehydration and
high-salt stress. In Arabidopsis, organ-specific northern analysis showed that these
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Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 21
genes are strongly induced in roots by high-salt stress and in stems and roots by
dehydration stress.
This project involves screening salt-stress cDNA library (RASI) to get full-length DREB
genes. Gene specific primers have been designed based on the sequence of
Arabidopsis cDNA DREB genes, available in AdePt™, PCR product will be cloned.
Then Avesthagen will proceed to the sub-cloning of these full-length cDNAs into plant
expression vectors. Finally, we aim to transform these genes and check the expression
levels of under stress conditions.
Engineering Pearl millet for Disease Resistance
Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is commonly called bajra in India. It is also known as
poor mans crop as it grows in semi arid conditions and is a staple food in most of the
drought hit areas of the third world. 843B is an important variety because of its early
maturity, short life cycle, and good tillering capacity.
Downy mildew is the major disease caused by a fungus Sclerospora graminicola.
Chitinases are enzymes that degrade the chitin a major compund in fungal cell wall in
an insect exoskeleton or thin, thread like filaments of fungi.
The aim of this project is to develop a standard protocol for regeneration through tissue
culture and to introduce disease resistance through genetic transformation techniques.
Engineering Indica Rice lines for Oxidative Stress
Plants exposed to stress (cold, drought, or herbicide treatment) produce active oxygen
species such as superoxides that cause peroxidation of membrane lipids leading to
inactivation of enzymes and various other physiological disorders in plants. Superoxide
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dismutases (SOD) are a group of metalloenzymes which catalyze the dismutation of
superoxide radicals into molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. Thus they protect
the plant cells from superoxide radicals.
Catalase is a tetrameric heme-containing enzyme found in nearly all the aerobic
organisms, which converts hydrogen peroxide into water and molecular oxygen in
plants. They are primarily localized in peroxisomes and involved in decomposition of
hydrogen peroxides generated during photorespiration and a-oxidation of fattyacids. It
also plays a very important role in detoxifying active oxygen species produced under
various biotic and abiotic stresses. This project involves co-bombardment of superoxide
dismutase and catalase genes by particle bombardment into rice callus followed by
selection and regeneration of plants.
Research process Outsourcing
Through its in-house research programs and alliances, Avesthagen has developed
strong competencies in genomics, proteomics, metabolomics and bioinformatics,
resulting in an integrated biotechnology platform, which is applied in its focus areas to
Under its proprietary Research Process Outsourcing™ (RPO™) model, Avesthagen
provides R&D Services to biotechnology, Pharmaceutical and agro companies in India
and abroad. At Avesthagen, scientific expertise is harnessed to distill solutions to your
problems with a guarantee of absolute confidentiality. Further we are continually forming
alliances worldwide to develop sensitive and rapid tests to service new and emerging
industry/agriculture needs. The technology developed in-house is protected by patents
of international standards and are licensed out by Avesthagen.
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aid the rapid development of novel therapeutics and molecular diagnostic products.
Avesthagen has developed a range of capabilities to become a high quality, competitive
cost outsource partner for Pharmaceutical, agro, and Biotech companies, who
outsource (some of) their research processes. The premises house fully equipped
research laboratories and a bioinformatics center. Infrastructure includes scientific
equipment for genetically engineering plants, DNA sequencing, developing assays and
performing computational analysis of biological activity of genes and gene products.
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Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 24
2.1 Origin of the Organization: Avesthagen had its academic beginnings in the National Centre for Biological Sciences
campus and the University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore in 1998. The legacy of
academic research and the vision to be pioneer in biotech sector, Avesthagen ventured
into the business domain in the early years of biotech boom. In Sept 1999 Avesthagen
acquired seed funding and Intellectual property from Rockefeller foundation and Indo
French Grants.
Avesthagen started its biotechnology era with the following projects :
• Engineering for oxidative stress in rice, sponsored by the Rockefeller
Foundation
• Transformation and regeneration of Pearl millet supported by DFID, UK
• An Indo-French Project dealing with RNA editing as a molecular tool to generate
CMS Rice lines.
• In house work on the T2 transgenic plants (MnSOD), strategies of tomato and
tobacco callus regeneration, engineering chitinase gene for disease resistance.
CHAPTER – 02
PROFILE OF THE ORGANIZATION
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Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 25
The setting up of laboratories and scientific groups began simultaneously,
Bioinformatics group & Genomics division with the infrastructure for Sequencing,
Transformation & Marker Aided Selection and cDNA Library construction was set up to
take on world-class services in early 2000. The company ventured into
ethnopharmacogenomics with the inception of the proteomics division.
In late 2000 company moved out of the traditional clusters and hubs of science into the
International Technology Park and equipped with excellent environs for the business of
science.
2.2 Growth and Development of the Organization:
Growth of the Industry from 1998 to2020:--
Year Growth and Development
1998 Avesthagen was founded by Dr. Villoo Morawala-Patell
2001 Avesthagen started its business operations
2001 Avesthagen received raised $1.5 million from ICICI Venture Funds as first round of venture funding
2001 Global Trust Bank became a strategic investor by investing Rs. 2 Crore
2001 TATA Industries Ltd. has picked up 5% stake in Avesthagen
2001 Avesthagen has announced an exclusive tie-up with the US-based Genetic Id Inc, thus becoming the first Indian Company to offer globally approved testing and certification for Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO’s).
2002 Avesthagen has tied up with pharma major AstraZeneca for drug
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Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 26
discovery program in tuberculosis (TB).
2002 Avesthagen has been rated amongst the top five life sciences companies for its business plan presented at the TiEcon, 2002 (the world's largest conference on entrepreneurship held in Silicon Valley, US) held at Westin, Santa Clara, California.
2002 Wipro ties up with Avesthagen to explore BT
2003 The one billion euro French biotechnology giant, bioMerieux, in collaboration with Avesthagen, is setting up a global research project in Bangalore to develop diagnostic solutions for Tuberculosis (TB).
2003 Avesthagen has announced the launch of new facilities in Andhra Pradesh in International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (lCRISAT) at Patancheru
2003 Avesthagen entered into a alliance with bioMerieux to develop diagnostic kit based on the Affymetrix gene chip technology.
2003 Avesthagen has tied up with Imperial College London for population genomics study. The project is expected to focus on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) a generalized autoimmune disease
2003 Avesthagen has tied-up with state government of Andhra Pradesh and the international Crop Research Institute for Semi Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) to provide technological support to the emerging food, water and seed-testing sectors.
2003 Avesthagen and Kerala Government signed an MoU and agreed to set up a special purpose vehicle (SPV),
2003 Avesthagen gets US patents for multiple use technology
2004 Avesthagen ties up with CIPLA Ltd.
2004 Avesthagen received Rs. 2.75 crore CSIR grant for DHA research
2004 Avesthagen has obtained exclusive market rights to Raisio’s top-selling product, Benecol, in India.
2004 Godrej Industries Ltd. picks up Stake in Avesthagen
2004 Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd and Avesthagen have signed a long term collaborative research agreement in the area of new drug discovery research
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2004 Ahmedabad based Intas Pharmaceuticals Ltd and Avesthagen have entered into a collaboration wherein Avesthagen will develop novel laboratory and pilot plant scale processes for expression of recombinant proteins for Intas.
2004 Avesthagen and Nordic Bio-sciences, a subsidiary of the Denmark-based Center for Clinical & Basic Research (CCBR), have announced a strategic joint venture Avesta Nordic Research Pvt Ltd
2005 Avesthagen ties up with US Company Sequenom
2005 Expansion of Laboratory and Office space (14,500 sq ft) into Innovator building at ITPL
2005 Acquisition of Good Earth Foods Pvt Ltd.
2005 Inception of Avesta Biotherapeutics & Research Pvt Ltd (JV with Cipla Ltd, India)
2005 Strategic alliances with Nestle Nutrition SA, Novartis AG and with TNO Quality of Life
2005 Dr. Patell received the GR8! Women Award for Science & Technology
2005 Series B – follow-on investments by bioMérieux SA, France, and Godrej Industries Ltd, India.
2005 Granting of “Pearl Millet” patent in Australia
2006 Signing of agreement for construction on new headquarters with Ascendas within ITPL campus, Bangalore.
2006 Winner of the Red Hearing Asia Award for “Disruptive Innovation”
2006 Expansion of Laboratory and Office space (4,000 sq ft) into Discoverer building at ITPL
2006 Grant from Indian Department of Biotechnology under the SBIRI scheme.
2006 R&D tie up with Group Danone
2006 Strategic Alliance with Groupe Limagrain, France and inception of Atash Seeds Pvt Ltd.
2006 Extension of Nestlé Nutrition Deal
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2006 Dr. Villoo Morawala-Patell receives the BioSpectrum Entrepreneur of the Year Award 2006
2007 Avesthagen gets patent for salt tolerant rice
2007 Avesthagen IP model achieves global benchmark valuation of Euro 115 mn
2007 Avesthagen announces the closure of Series "C" round Euro 25 mn. New Investors are Fidelity, Daninvest, Limagrain and Bennett Coleman Co. Ltd.
2007 AVESTHAGEN-ONE, Avesthagen breaks ground for its new corporate headquarters and R&D center at International Technology Park, Whitefield, Bangalore
2007 Avesthagen launches THE AVESTAGENOME PROJECTTM, Undertakes path breaking project for Novel Therapies and Diagnostics
2007 The Avestagenome ProjectTM Nature, March 29, 2007
2007 Dr. Villoo Morawala-Patell received the 2006 FICCI AWARD
2007 Avesthagen and Manipal Acunova announce collaboration in drug discovery, pre-clinical, clinical research including regulatory matters
2007 Avesthagen Receives INR 225 Million Share Capital Investment from NYLIM India Fund
2007 Avesthagen-Limagrain announces co-acquisition of majority stake in two seed companies
2007 Avesthagen enters into agreement with Malaysian Biotechnology Corporation to manufacture Bio Similar products
2007 Dr. Villoo Morawala-Patell’s profile was published in Nature Biotechnology, July 2007
2007 Avesthagen Acquires US Dietary Supplement Company Renaissance Herbs, Inc. (RHI)
2007 Avesthagen receives Australian Patent “A process for generating cytoplasmic male sterile line in rice and other crops by RNA editing”
2007 Avesthagen-CIPLA Joint Venture acquires Siegfried Biologics GmbH company
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2007 Avesthagen arm acquires Siegfried Biologics
2007 Dr. Villoo Morawala-Patell takes over as Chairman of Avesthagen
2008 AVESTHAGEN becomes AVESTHAGEN LIMITED
2008 Avesthagen Limited launches Avestaä brand of plant–based bioact ives
2008 Parsi communit ies in Hyderabad, Navsar i and Surat provide part ic ipat ive support to The AVESTAGENOME Project™.
2008 Avesthagen begins Phase II I Human cl inical Studies for its AVESTA BRAND OF Bioactives.doc
2008 Affymetr ix Signs Agreement W ith Avesthagen Limited
2008 AVESTHAGEN LIMITED and DuBiotech to enter into a Joint Venture
2008 AVESTHAGEN LIMITED and LIMAGRAIN Introduce India’s First 100% Biodegradable Plast ic
2008 France Government honors and awards Dr. Vi l loo Morawala – Patell ‘Off icer of the National Order of Merit ’
2008 Avesthagen launches Whole wheat crackers with TeestarT M - a c l in ical ly validated bioact ive that would help those who are prone to Type II diabetes
2008 AVESTHAGEN announces the cl in ical tr ial results of TeestarT M
2008 Avesthagen partners with ShigaMediX to develop vaccines for cervical cancer and tuberculosis
2008 ABRPL Gets RCGM’s Nod for Pre-Cl inical Evaluation of Biopharmaceut ical Products
2008 Avesthagen and ICMR join to promote biomedical research in India
2008 Dr. Vil loo Morawala-Patel l Receives the Prest igious ‘Ast itva Award’ for Excel lence in Science and Technology
2008 Avesthagen Limited and Mall ika Sarabhai Present “And
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They Came to India”
2008 Avesthagen L imited’s new Strategic Scientif ic Advisory Board addresses its mult idiscipl inary product pipeline
2008 Avesthagen Limited’s Intel lectual Property For Diabetes Management Valued at $470 mil l ion
2008 Avesthagen Limited’s gets “License To Heal”: To Manufacture Bioact ives for Ayurvedic Drugs
2008 Dr. Vil loo Morawala-Patel l Awarded For Achievement in Innovat ion And Creation Of Value. Award Conferred By The Adolfo Ibanez University
2009 AVESTHAGEN LIMITED Appoints Two Independent Board Members
2009 His Excel lency Dr Boni Yayi, President, Republ ic of Benin today vis ited the campus of AVESTHAGEN LIMITED, at ITPB, Bangalore.
2009 Outstanding Entrepreneur of the Year; Dr. Vil loo Morawala-Patell, Conferred Upon By The World Zarathusthi Chamber of Commerce (WZCC) at Houston,Texas, USA
2009 Avesthagen sai ls into Lat in American waters. Forms Avesthagen Latam SpA to tap a large emerging market for its technologies, products and services. Announces strategic al l iance with Chi lean biotech company - Uxmal S.A. The venture is being act ively supported by the Chilean government.
2009 Avesthagen and The Harvard Medical School (HMS) Department of Genetics sign MOU to share knowledge and services in the f ield of Genomics
2009 Avesthagen and VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, s ign MOU to conduct product-based research projects in the f ield of Theranostics
2009 AVESTHAGEN to init iate Cl inical Trials for biosimilar AVDESP™
2009 Avesthagen revives IPO plans
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2009 Avesthagen forms global Joint Venture with Limagrain in ATASH Seeds Private Limited 'Novel seeds for the challenges of the changing environment'
2009 Dr. Villoo Morawala Patellreceived prestigious ‘Karmaveer Puraskar’ as a ‘Corporate Citizen’ for her contribution in the field of agriculture and healthcare in Nov 2009 by iCONGO (Indian Confederation of NGOs) & Karmaveer Puraskar is a National Award for Social Justice & Citizen Action
2010 Avesthagen Limited was granted Patent registration for trapezoidal packaging design of its Good Earth Foods range of Products. The sub-category 09-03 includes Boxes, Cases, Containers, (Preserve) Tins and Cans and is effective from Jan 31, 2008.
2010 Avesthagen's Strategic Scientific Advisory Board meeting was held on Feb 15, 2010
2010 Avesthagen achieves significant commercial milestone Sends first batch of cell lines for cGMP production of Clinical grade biosimilars to Inno Biologics, Malaysia
2010 Avesthagen moves towards Clinicals of its biosimilar AVENTTM
2.3 Present Status of the Organization:
AVESTHAGEN LIMITED, was established in the year 1998, as a pharmaceutical company in
India. The company was incorporated with its registered office in Bangalore. It started its
operation in 2001 with $1.5 million from ICICI Venture and 2 crore from Global Trust Bank and
also TATA pick up 5% stock from Avesthagen Limited.
Head Office:-
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AVESTHAGEN LIMITED
Discoverer, 9th Floor
International Tech Park
Whitefield Road
Bangalore – 560 066
Phone: +91 9535078442
Fax: +91 81 2841 8780
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: www.avesthagen.com
Presen status of the company:-
The profit and loss of the company in the year 2008-09 is 787031300.34 and Balance sheet is
2989092799.7
2.4 Functional Department of the Organization:
1. Systems Biology Model. When it comes to discovery and scient if ic
breakthrough we believe in putting together rather than taking apart,
integrat ion rather than reduction. The pluralism of causes and effects in
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biological networks is better addressed by observing, through quantitative
measures, multiple components simultaneously and by rigorous data
integrat ion and analysis. Systems biology is about looking at one event
from different angles; it is about merging sciences at micro and macro
levels. It means changing tradit ional scient if ic phi losophy, in the full
sense of the term.
2. Predictive Preventive Personalized Healthcare . We believe that
healthcare wil l be revolutionized by genomic and stem cell research,
becoming predict ive, preventive, and personalized. The goal of
personalized medicine is, f irst of all, to use the advanced tools of
molecular genetics to predict how patients will respond to drugs, reducing
harm and increasing benefit. The dual combination of diagnostic and
treatment technologies is at the heart of personalized medicine and wil l
transform healthcare dramatically. We have just entered the world of
molecular medicine, and the realit ies of regenerat ive medicine and
preventat ive healthcare are within our grasp.
3. The BioNutrition (or Food-for-MedicineTM) group focuses on developing
scient if ical ly val idated bioact ives f rom Indian medicinal plants for prevent ion or
treatment of degenerat ive condit ions such as diabetes, obesity, CVD and bone
health. We also work on performance enhancement, stress management,
skincare, weight management, immunomodulat ion, pain management,
osteoarthr it is and digest ion through use of proprietary tools. FFM products
target both food and pharma markets and, coupled with global marketing
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strategies and the acquisit ion of two product driven businesses, the
BioNutr it ion group is poised for sustainable fast growth. I t hosts two whol ly
owned subsidiaries and large col laborative programs.
On the Dietary Supplement f ront, Avesthagen markets scientif ically val idated
natural ingredients. These set the highest standards for purity and
concentrat ion of act ive const ituents. Many of our leading products have strong
intel lectual propr ietary posit ions. These include trademarks and patents that
employ process, composit ion and method of use claims. Products are
manufactured in India and sold in the US and Japan in the form of pil ls and
powders and wor ldwide though bulk volumes. Europe and south-east Asia wi l l
be covered by mid 2009. We have an exist ing catalogue of over 40
standardized extracts and mult iple grades of innovative specialty products and
wi l l continue to fuel the pipeline with new products developed in-house or
though col laborat ions.
The food wing develops nutr it ious alternatives for breakfast, dai ly snacks, and
functional foods for al l who str ive towards promot ing wel l -being through a
healthy diet. The products target the discriminating health conscious consumer,
who cares about using natural food ingredients for their nutr it ion
requirements and those who bel ieve that their health can be managed better
through foods. This unit fol lows the phi losophy of healthy and tasty foods whi le
adding value by bringing to market product l ines fort if ied with c linically
val idated nutr it ional bioact ives developed by the FFM team. Products are
currently sold in India and wi l l enter Europe & US in 2009.
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4. The BioAgriculture (or Seed-for-FoodTM) group focuses on biot ic & abiot ic
stress resistance, oil enhancement and developing funct ional foods f rom plants.
I t hosts three wholly owned subsidiar ies, large col laborat ive programs with the
l ikes of Limagrain and Godrej and sees itself as a vehicle of high qual ity seed
transmutation, wherein crops are developed through a combination of genetic
and genomic tools, conventional and markers assisted breeding, exploi t ing
natural and directed var iat ion and trans/cisgenics. The aim is to combine/create
germplasm with in-house technologies to enhance trait based solut ions for
farmers in India and across the globe.
5. In the Science & Innovation group, technologies are being developed
through collaborat ive R&D with global partners in the l i fe sciences industry. I t is
the R&D heart of Avesthagen where new ideas are incubated and the main
driver in the creat ion of high value IP. Over the years numerous col laborat ions
have emerged f rom this program and evolved into new ventures. Others have
also attracted equity investments in the parent company. The Science &
Innovat ion business unit of Avesthagen employs a Systems Biology approach
for the dissect ion of molecular mechanisms in human diseases and works
towards delivery of innovat ive solut ions for predict ive, preventive, personal ized
healthcare. To take a product or a technology f rom concept to market is
Science & Innovation’s greatest strength.
6. Science & Innovation current ly covers four programs : AVESTAGENOMET M
(a f lagship large scale populat ion genomics study on Parsis), Cancer Stem
Cells, Molecular Diagnostics and, f inal ly, Natural Drug Discovery.
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7. Under the BioPharmaceuticals group a sol id pipel ine of biosimilars is being
developed in partnership with Cipla Ltd. The group focuses on pathway
engineering and development of novel expression systems, development of
product specif ic bioassays and design of novel animal component f ree
product ion media, generat ion of over-expressing stable cell l ines, development
of proprietary expression platforms and novel, scalable processes in microbial
and mammalian systems. Scale-up, manufacturing and supply of commercial
scale material is done through a joint venture with cert if ied manufacturing
facil i t ies in India and Malaysia. The f irst products are expected to reach the
market early 2011 and wi l l be sold in unregulated markets through Cipla’s
distr ibut ion network. Regulated markets wi l l be penetrated post patent expiry.
First mover advantage, strategic posit ioning and worldwide col laborat ions saw
the company progress towards its goal of bringing new safe medicine faster to
the wor ld whilst keeping social and ecological aspects in mind. Avesthagen
recognise that corporate responsibi l i ty does not end at the factory gate or at
off ice doors and that economic performance and attention to people go hand in
hand.
Avesthagen has built number of collaborat ions including joint ventures
and equity led deals with global partners generating signif icant IP
portfolio – valued by independent parties at Eur 2 Bn. In addition, we
received numerous international certif icat ions and awards. Revenues
have progressed steadily since 2006 and we have seeing fast growth
compared to the usual gestation period in the biotech industry. The
company has raised to date more than Eur 40 mil l ion in equity that have
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been carefully deployed on four acquisit ions and a substantial product
portfolio and pipeline. Avesthagen is armed with international
manufacturing, distribut ion and marketing capabili t ies.
2.5 Organization Structure and Organization Chart:
The organization structure of the Avesthagen Ltd. is such that it comprises of the departments
and the employees in the hierarchical order so that they are able to perform their functions and
duties smoothly and effectively doing their job in a manner in which it should be done. The
organization is headed by the administrative department which coordinates and controls the
executive department. The executive department is a link from the top and the bottom
comprising of the lower level employees such that they work together to fulfil the common
objective of getting business from the persons who get in touch with them and see to it that they
are provided with the best of the Avesthagen Ltd. which constitute giving financial advise to
providing Account to the customers. The lower level employees and the corporate financial
consultants work together to see to it that the database for providing financial Avesthagen Ltd.
to sufficient number of people is made .They work together to see to it that this database is
followed and worked upon such that more and more number of people get themselves avail the
financial Avesthagen Ltd. of the organization. Team leaders who form the part of the
administrative department of the Organization make sure that the clients that turn up for the
financial Avesthagen Ltd. are dealt with most efficiently and effectively.
The organizational structure is well planned out and it follows a simple format which is
follows:
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Each team lead has a team comprising only of both senior as well as junior market research
analyst who aid the team lead in the entire market research process as it has been discussed
previously. This is the basic organizational structure followed by AVESTHAGEN LTD.
2.6 Product and Service Profile of the Organization:
Biogen is principally engaged in using the tools of biotechnology to develop innovative
drugs for human health care. Biogen has a world-class research engine for drug
discovery, with a higher percentage of revenues dedicated to R&D investment than
virtually all other leading names in biotechnology industry. This commitment has helped
produce a pipeline of much-needed therapies.
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Avesthagen is engaged in using biotechnology pioneers in offering high throughput
technology research services catering to pharmaceutical, biotechnology & seed
companies.
• Functional genomics
• Population Genomics
• Proteomics
• Bioinformatics
• Metabolomics
Functional Genomics
Sequencing DNA is the step between information and its interpretation. It is the
sequencing of DNA that has lead Biology and medicine through a revolution. The
catalyst for this revolution are the Human Genome Project and the Arabidopsis Genome
sequencing that have improved technologies for sequencing and analysis of DNA and
generated detailed information. Sequencing techniques have hit a high, and we, at
Avesthagen, are a part of the biological revolution.
DNA Sequencing
Our DNA sequencing service specializes in regular and custom DNA sequencing. We
provide several different types of sequence data. We have a service that should fit your
needs. Results are delivered by e-mail or floppy/CD-Rom.
Services Available
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- Sequencing Read Length = 550bp +/-50bp (Verified basecalls)
- Gene Walking (primer walk sequencing)
Technical Information
Sequencing reactions are performed by PCR according to Applied Biosystems (Big Dye
Terminator) protocols. All samples are processed on either ‘slab gel' sequencing instruments
(i.e. ABI-377) or capillary sequencing instruments (i.e. ABI-3700). For additional information
please contact Dr. K. R. Rajyashri and/or Deepak Sardana.
Quality Standards
Quality controls are performed throughout the entire sample processing, ensuring the
highest quality results possible. All procedures and protocols follow strict QC guidelines.
Most of our sequencing reactions will achieve the intended run length (500bp +/-50bp),
for an 'average' plasmid DNA sample ('average' means- not severely rich in AT or GC,
not low copy number plasmid, not containing a high percentage of microsatellites,
hairpins, etc).
Recommendations
DNA sample concentration and volume: We ask you to submit 15 µl of sample in
distilled water at the following concentrations:
For Plasmid DNA: 100 ng per microliter.
For PCR Product: 10 ng per microliter.
For BAC DNA: 1 µg per microliter.
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DNA sample packaging and shipping:
1 to 15 samples : Please submit them in 1.5-mL or 0.5mL microcentrifuge tubes sealed with
parafilm.
16 or more : You may submit them in 96-well plates.
All strip caps and plate covers must be securely fastened to prevent evaporation and/or
leakage from the tubes. DNA samples do not need to be sent on ice, and can be sent
via regular mail or other carrier service. All samples should be securely packaged to
prevent damage during shipping.
Custom primer volume and concentration:
Please submit your custom primer(s) at a concentration of 3.2pm/µl. Please send a
minimum volume of 10 µL. All primers should be suspended in distilled water.
PCR product concentration and volume:
We prefer that clients submit purified DNA samples at a concentration of 10 ng/µl or
greater 25 µl of each PCR product sample in distilled water. PCR product should be
cleaned for excess of dNTP’s and primers.
Turn-Around Time
Express Service is normally less than 48 hours.
Standard Service is normally 3 to 7 days.
Quote Request
1. Cloning Vector name?
2. Number of DNA samples and number of sequencing reactions on each?
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3. Estimated date to start project?
4. Any related products needed (i.e. plasmid DNA prep, bioinformatics services-vector
trimming, assembly, BLAST reports or any other DNA analysis based on our in-house
GCG server)?
5. Number of PCR product samples and number of sequencing reactions on each?
Gene Walking (primer walk sequencing)
When you need to have the complete sequence of an unknown insert or have an entire
construct sequenced (both ends), Gene Walking may be the best solution. Our Gene
Walking service includes primer design, sequencing, data verification and sequence
assembly. The number of bases sequenced and the level of coverage selected
determine the price. Results are delivered by e-mail or floppy/CD-Rom.
Turn-Around Time
Under normal circumstances we expect to achieve 1 walk on each clone frontier, every eight
working days.
Quote Request
1) Project name and cloning vector name?
2) Number of plasmid DNA samples to be Gene Walked?
3) Size of each insert?
4) Proposed date to start project?
5) Any related services needed (i.e. plasmid DNA prep)?
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BAC & Cosmid Sequencing
For sequencing an entire BAC/COSMID clone, our Randomly Sheared Shotgun Library
service is the recommended strategy.
Recommendations
For the best results, sequencing grade BAC DNA needs to be purified by an ultrapure maxi- or
midi-prep (e.g. kits made by Qiagen, Princeton Separations or Gibco-BRL). Please contact Dr.
Rajyashri if you have questions concerning your BAC DNA preps. Preparing sequence grade
BAC DNA can be tricky; we have very reliable techniques for preparing sequencing-grade BAC
DNA at Avesthagen.
Turn-Around Time
It depends on the size of the insert.
Quote Request
1) Type of clone(s) and vector(s) used (i.e. BAC, Cosmid)?
2) Number of clone(s)?
3) Insert size of each clone
4) Estimated date to start project?
5) Any related products needed (i.e. sequence grade DNA prep, bioinformatics services-vector
trimming, assembly, BLAST reports)?
End Sequencing & Tiling of Clones
End Sequencing of cosmids/BACs/YACs and tiling of clones is also provided as a service.
Quote Request :
1) Type of the starting material ?
2) Insert size range ?
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3) Number of clones to be sequenced ?
4) Type of tiling required ?
5) Overlaps ?
6) Minimum tiling path ?
Whole Genome Shotgun Libraries
A Whole Genome Shotgun library is an integral tool in efficiently generating DNA
sequence or identifying specific genes from total genomic DNA. We can provide whole
genome shotgun libraries in vectors that are easily sequenced with common primers.
Depending on the type of project, clones within these libraries can be customized to
carry inserts within a narrow size range. We will provide transformed cells or frozen
subclones arrayed on 96 or 384 well plates, ready to prep and sequence. If you wish,
we can prep DNA, sequence, trim and assemble the clones.
Subtractive cDNA Libraries
Genes may be differentially regulated, leading to different mRNA transcript levels
between different tissues, at different developmental stages, in response to an
environmental stimuli; or between genetically dissimilar individuals, e.g. mutant
compared to wild type plants. Differential screening is a procedure that allows a
comparison to be made between two treatments or stages of development that result in
the identification of differentially regulated genes.
Custom BAC Libraries
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A large-insert BAC library forms the foundation for constructing physical maps, genome
sequencing and cloning genes of interest. We have optimised protocols for making high
quality, large insert BAC libraries with a competitive turnaround time. We guarantee the
average insert size will be between 100 Kb and 150 Kb. BAC libraries are delivered as
frozen BAC clones in 96 or 384 well plates, a complete report and information about
working with your BAC clones. We will provide technical support for the safe storage of
your custom BAC library.
Other Biology Services
• Custom Cloning & Subcloning
• Genotyping
• AFLP/cDNA AFLP
• Fingerprinting
Population Genomics
We believe that Population Genomics Studies will cause a fundamental improvement in
the delivery of health care. We foresee knowledge of each individual's unique genome
being used to predict disease susceptibility and progression as well as each individual's
response to a drug. Predicting patient response to a particular drug represents a
significant advance in therapy with current and novel drugs developed with these
criteria’s in mind. Often effective drug response is limited only to a portion of treated
patients. Ultimately, our technology may allow physicians and patients to select specific
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treatments based on a patient's genome. Good responders to drug therapy can be
distinguished from the poor ones on the basis of their genetic make-up.
2.7 Market Profile of the Organization:
• Avesta Good Earth Foods Private Limited (AGEF) :
Avesta Good Earth Foods is an Indian food company with global ambitions, dedicated
to developing nutritious alternatives for breakfast, daily snacks, and functional food for
all who strive towards promoting wellbeing through a healthy diet. We add value by
developing and marketing product lines Fortified with nutritional bioactives Sourced from
traditional Indian medicine Clinically validated by techniques of modern science. Avesta
Good Earth Foods will play a key role in Avesthagen's long-term strategy to launch its
branded nutraceuticals as Functional Foods targeting the burgeoning health foods
market in India. The new line of business will also complement the company's core
philosophy of promoting good health and wellbeing in India and abroad.
• Avesthagen Inc
At Avesthagen, we’re devoted to the research and manufacture of quality high-potency,
clinically validated, botanical bioactive ingredients, derived from traditional medicinal plants Our
signature ingredients have scientifically validated health benefits to promote wellness through
the prevention of specific degenerative and address conditions such as – diabetes, obesity,
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metabolic syndrome, CVD and bone loss. We combine nature, tradition and technology to
create innovative ingredients that meet consumer needs for great taste, better nutrition and
heath and wellness, as well as a commitment to environmental sustainability.
• Avesthagen Quality Agriculture Services Private Limited (AQUAS)
AQUAS is a subsidiary of Avesthagen that has been established for the purpose of food, water
& seed purity testing as well as seed development in our labs located in Hyderabad.
3.1 Student Work Profile (Role & Responsibility):
The work profile of the student or the roles and responsibilities that are being handled by the
student on his internship programmed at AVESTHAGEN LIMITED. The first day and during the
first week of the internship programmed the new employee of the AVESTHAGEN LIMITED was
welcomed by giving an induction programme in order to make him understand his role and
responsibilities during his stay in the organization. Being appointed as a TRAINEE at
CHAPTER – 03
DISCUSSION ON TRAINING
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AVESTHAGEN LIMITED during the internship programme my duty or the role is to Analyse
Financial Statement, Checking the financial entry, creating transaction, etc.
The Duty and Responsibility taken by me are as follows:
• Handling Daily patty cash Accounts.
• Preparing Bank Reconciliation.
• Inventory Calculation.
• Maintain Accounting Transaction.
• MIS Preparation.
3.2 Description of Live Experience:
The office of AVESTHAGEN LIMITED is blessed by brilliant and skilled professionals and team
leader who have the responsibility of handling the Financial Statement Analysis. The team
leader provides the particular day’s plan of action and then guide show to go about for executing
the plan of action successfully .Till the time a Financial Statement Analysis is in the office he
receives the valuable suggestions and insights of the team leader. This prepares him for the
day’s Work and provides him the necessary directions to analyse financial statement. In the
office the Head Finance Department make calls continuously to fix the follow-up appointments
so that on the basis of the financial health check collected by him and also getting the follow-up
appointments from the telesales she goes in the field for making up the appointments.
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4.1 Statement of Research Problem:
PROBLEM DEFINATION:
Financial Analysist were with good background human being and through rigorous process of
recruitment but still not able to perform up to the expectation level of company, HR is not able to
sort out the problem why the performance is not coming even after giving the full Finace
Reaserch support. The Financial Statement Analysis is now very problem in the company.
4.2 Statement of Research Objective:
RESEARCH OBJECTIVES:
To find out the Financial Position of the Company.
To study brand image of the Company.
To create the Bank Reconciliation Statement of the company.
To creat MIS of the company.
To create Inventory of the company.
CHAPTER – 04
STUDY OF SELECTED RESEARCH PROBLEM
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4.3 Research Design and Methodology
Primary data source:
Analysie the data provided by the company. They were the main source of Primary data. The
method of collection of primary data was direct personal interview through a structured
questionnaire.
Secondary Data Source:
It was collected from internal sources. The secondary data was collected on the basis of
organizational file, official records, news papers, magazines, management books, preserved
information in the company’s database and website of the company.
SAMPLING PLAN:
Since it is not possible to study whole universe, it becomes necessary to take sample from the
universe to know about its characteristics.
Sampling Units: Financial Data
Sample Technique: Random Sampling.
Research Instrument: Tally.
Contact Method: Analysis of data .
SAMPLE SIZE:
My sample size for this project was 100 respondents. Since it was not possible to cover the
whole universe in the available time period, it was necessary for me to take a sample size of
100 respondents.
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RESEARCH LIMITATIONS:
It was not possible to understand thoroughly about the different marketing aspects of the
Financial Consultant within 60 days. As stipend, money was not given it was difficult to continue
the project work. All the work was limited in some limited areas of Bangalore so the findings
should not be generalized.
The area of research was Bangalore and it was too vast an area to cover within 60 days.
All the findings and conclusions obtained are based on the survey done in the working area
within the time limit. I tried to select the sample representative of the whole group during my job
training.
4.4 Data Analysis:
Financial statement analysis-
Financial statement constitutes profit & loss account and balance sheet. In layman’s point of
view financial statement analysis means analysis and interpretation of financial statement for
determining financial strengths and weaknesses of the firm. According to Metcalf and Titard,
financial statement analysis is a process of evaluating the relationship between component
parts of a financial statement to obtain a better understanding of a firm ‘s position and
performance.”
Financial Types of statement analysis
Analysts can obtain useful information by comparing a company's most recent financial
statements with its results in previous years and with the results of other companies in the same
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industry. Three primary types of financial statement analysis are commonly known as horizontal
analysis, vertical analysis, and ratio analysis.
Horizontal Analysis
When an analyst compares financial information for two or more years for a single
company, the process is referred to as horizontal analysis, since the analyst is reading
across the page to compare any single line item, such as sales revenues. In addition to
comparing dollar amounts, the analyst computes percentage changes from year to year
for all financial statement balances, such as cash and inventory. Alternatively, in
comparing financial statements for a number of years, the analyst may prefer to use a
variation of horizontal analysis called trend analysis. Trend analysis involves calculating
each year's financial statement balances as percentages of the first year, also known as
the base year. When expressed as percentages, the base year figures are always 100
percent, and percentage changes from the base year can be determined.
Vertical Analysis
When using vertical analysis, the analyst calculates each item on a single financial statement as
a percentage of a total. The term vertical analysis applies because each year's figures are listed
vertically on a financial statement. The total used by the analyst on the income statement is net
sales revenue, while on the balance sheet it is total assets. This approach to financial statement
analysis, also known as component percentages, produces common-size financial statements.
Common-size balance sheets and income statements can be more easily
PROCEDURE OF FINANCIL STATEMENTS ANALYSIS
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 53
Broadly there are three steps involve in financial statement analysis these are.
a. The first step involve Selection of information relevant to the purpose
of financial statement analysis
b. The second step involve is the methodical classification of the data
c. The third step involve drawing of interences and conclusion
METHODS OR DEVICES OF FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
The fallowing methods adapted while financial statement analysis,
a. comparative statements
b. Trend Analysis
c. Common- size statements
d. Fund flow analysis
e. Cash flow analysis
f. Ratio analysis
g. Cost-volume-profit Analysis
The above methods are briefly discussed in the next page
a. comparative statement
The comparative financial statements are statements of the financial position at different
periods; of time. The elements of financial position are shown in a comparative form so as to
give an idea of financial position at two or more periods. Any statement prepared in a
comparative form will be covered in comparative statements. From practical point of view,
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 54
generally two financial statements (balance sheet & income statement) are prepared in
comparative form for financial analysis purposes. Not only the comparison of the figures of two
period but also relationship between balance sheet and income statement enables an indepth
study of financial position and operative results
b. Trend analysis
The financial statements may be analysed by computing trends of series of information. This
method determines the direction upwards or downwards and involves the computation of the
percentage relationship that each statement iteam bears to the same time in base year. The
information for a number of years is taken up and one year, generally the first year, is taken as a
base year. The figures of the base year are taken as 100 and trend ratios for other years on the
basis of base year. The analyst able to see the trend of the figures, whether upward or
downward.
For example if sales figures for the year 1995to1997 are to be studied, then sales of 1995 will
be taken as 100 and percentage of sales for all other years will be calculated in relation to the
base year, i.e,1995 suppose the fallowing trend are determined.
From the above example it can be concluded the base year is 1995 and other years sales
figures are compared with the base year it shows an upward trend then a downward trend.
c. Common-size statement
The common-size statements, balance sheet and income statement, are shown in analytical
percentages. The figures are shown as percentage of the total assets, total liabilities and total
sales. The total assets are taken as 100 and different assets are expressed as a percentage of
the total. Similarly, various liabilities are taken as a part of total liabilities. These statement are
also known as component percentage or 100 percent statements because every individual
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 55
iteam is stated as a percentage of the total 100. The short-comings in comparative statement &
trend percentages where changes in iteam could not be compared with the total have been
covered up. The analyst is able to assess the figures in relation to total values.
(1)the total assets or liabilities are taken as 100
(2) the individual assets expressed as a percentage of total assets,i.e,100
and different liabilities are calculated in relation to total liabilities.
For example total asset is Rs5lakh and inventory value is Rs5000 ,
then it will be 10% of total asset.
Ratio Analysis:
Ratio analysis enables the analyst to compare items on a single financial statement or to
examine the relationships between items on two financial statements. After calculating ratios for
each year's financial data, the analyst can then examine trends for the company across years.
Since ratios adjust for size, using this analytical tool facilitates intercompany as well as
intracompany comparisons. Ratios are often classified using the following terms: profitability
ratios (also known as operating ratios), liquidity ratios, and solvency ratios. Profitability ratios
are gauges of the company's operating success for a given period of time. Liquidity ratios are
measures of the short-term ability of the company to pay its debts when they come due and to
meet unexpected needs for cash. Solvency ratio indicate the ability of the company to meet its
long-term obligations on a continuing basis and thus to survive over a long period of time. In
judging how well on a company is doing, analysts typically compare a company's ratios to
industry statistics as well as to its own past performance.
THE VARIOUS RATIOS USED FOR FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 56
a. Short term financial position or test of liquidity
1. current ratio = current assets / current liability
2. quick or acid test or liquid ratio =
quick assets / current liabilities
3. absolute liquid ratio =
absolute liquid assets / current liability
b. current asset movement or efficiency or activity ratio
1. inventory turn over ratio=
cost of goods sold / average inventory
2. debtors turn over ratio=
net credit annual sales/average trade debtor
3. average collection period=
no. of months/debtor turn over ratio
4. creditors turn over ratio=
net credit annual purchases/average trade creditor
5. average payment period=
no. of month/creditor turn over ratio
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 57
6. working capital turn over ratio=
cost of sales/average working capital
c. analysis of long term financial position or solvency ratio
1. debt-equity ratio=
outsider’s fund/shareholder’s fund
2. funded debt to total capitalization ratio
=funded debt/total capitalization
3. long term debt to share holders fund
=long term debt / share holders funds
4. proprietary ratio = share holders fund / total assets
5. solvency ratio =
total liability to outsiders/ total asset
6. fixed asset net worth ratio =
fixed asset after dep. / shareholders fund
7. fixed assets ratio =
fixed asset after dep. / total long term fund
8. ratio of current asset to proprietors fund
=current asset / share holders fund
9. debt service or interest coverage
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 58
=net profit (after dep. & taxes)/fixed interest charge
d. analysis of profitability ratio
(i) general profitability
1. gross profit ratio=
gross profit/net sales
2. operating ratio=
operating cost/net sales
3. expense ratio =
particular expense/net sales
4. net profit ratio =
net profit after tax/ net sales
5. operating profit ratio =
operating profit/net sales
(ii) overall profitability
1. return share holders investment or net worth
= net profit /share holder’s fund
2. return on equity capital
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 59
=net profit / paid up equity capital
3. earning per share
= net profit/ number of equity share
4. dividend yield ratio =
dividend per share/MP per share
5. dividend pay out ratio
= dividend per share/ EPS
6. price earning ratio
= MP per share/ EPS
1. Profit & Loss Account of the company in the year 2007-08:-
Avestha Gengraine Techonologies Pvt Ltd (From 2005)
Particulars 1-Apr-2007 to 31-Mar-2008
Trading Account :
Sales Accounts
332307203.00
100 %
Income From Domestic 322296943.00
Income From Overseas 10010260.00
Income From Projects - Domestic
Income From Projects - Overseas
Sale of Cereals / Biscuits
Sales FUNCTIONAL FOOD
Sales Bills to Make
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 60
Cost of Sales :
59424496.81
17.88 %
Opening Stock 6172125.29
Add: Purchase Accounts 47960071.02
Less: Closing Stock 13019409.00
41112787.31
Direct Expenses
18311709.50
Asian Center for Genotyping
CIPLA PROJECT
NMITLI Project Exps - P&L
Chemicals
Consumables 705813.50
Outsourcing – Cipla
Outsourcing Expense-Corporate 1049491.00
Outsourcing Expense-FFM 308212.00
Outsourcing Expenses
Outsourcing Expenses-Biopharma 13628080.00
Outsourcing Expense-SFF 689943.00
Outsourcing Expense-SI&S 1671250.00
Trading Expenses 254520.00
Transport RM 4400.00
Gross Profit: 272882706.19 82.12 %
Income Statement :
Indirect Incomes
83073619.21
25 %
Creditors Written Off 1315201.00
Estate Income
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 61
Forwarding Charges
Grant – BIPP
Grant-in-Aid - National Medicinal Plants Board 491551.00
Income From Sub-Lease 12889436.00
Interest on Fixed Deposit 42710604.80
Interest Received 23172183.59
Miscellaneous Income 2275300.82
Other Deductions 3400.00
Prior Period Income
Profit/ Loss on Sale of Assets -2046.00
Recovery From Atash Seeds Pvt. Ltd.
ROUND OFF
Sale of Scrap 38550.00
Training Programme Income 179438.00
Written Off Employees Dues
355956325.40 107.12 %
Indirect Expenses
497168054.56
149.61 %
Administrative Expenses 42790922.01
Audit Fees & Other Expenses 3179072.00
Board Meeting Expenses 1314271.08
Communication Expenses 7261090.70
Employees Remuneration & Benefits 173550962.97
Finance Charges 67565932.50
Good Earth Expenses 123860.00
Legal, Professional, Consultancy Fees & Exp 26722908.20
Rent, Rates & Taxes 33295358.76
Repairs & Maintenance 16081378.00
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 62
Selling Expenses 29767880.22
Travelling & Conveyance 34007345.20
Coorg Estate Expenses 1666825.50
Amortization – Intangibles 19476894.00
Coorg Generator Mntc 65327.00
Current Tax FY 2006-07
Demmurage Charges 9430.00
Depreciation Account 27658255.00
Due Diligence Expenses 615340.00
Employee Stock Option Expense 1971516.00
Estate Expenses
Extraordinary Item
FBT - Expenses A/C 2601150.00
Freight Inward
Freight Outward
Hire Charges 1875.00
Income Tax Payments
Lab Expenses 262034.00
Labour Charges 43534.00
Marketing Expenses
Office Expenses 1250059.00
Prior Period Expenses 0.42
Prov for Doubtful Debts & Advances 5884833.00
Provision for Dimunition in Value of Investment
Royalty Fees
Service Tax
Nett Profit: -141211729.16
-42.49 %
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 63
2. Profit & Loss of the company in the year 2008-09:-
Avestha Gengraine Techonologies Pvt Ltd (From 2005)
Particulars 1-Apr-2008 to 31-Mar-2009
Trading Account :
Sales Accounts 88763465.00 100 %
Income From Domestic 88509224.00
Income From Overseas 209670.00
Income From Projects - Domestic
Income From Projects - Overseas
Sale of Cereals / Biscuits
Sales FUNCTIONAL FOOD 44571.00
Sales Bills to Make
Cost of Sales : 66716423.19 75.16 %
Opening Stock 13019409.00
Add: Purchase Accounts 39932588.69
Less: Closing Stock 20876780.00
32075217.69
Direct Expenses 34641205.50
Asian Center for Genotyping
CIPLA PROJECT
NMITLI Project Exps - P&L
Chemicals
Consumables -87469.00
Outsourcing – Cipla
Outsourcing Expense-Corporate
Outsourcing Expense-FFM 1013359.00
Outsourcing Expenses 24750.00
Outsourcing Expenses-Biopharma 31124005.50
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 64
Outsourcing Expense-SFF 2439800.00
Outsourcing Expense-SI&S 126760.00
Trading Expenses
Transport RM
Gross Profit: 22047041.81 24.84 %
Income Statement :
Indirect Incomes 17239481.93 19.42 %
Creditors Written Off
Estate Income 906930.00
Forwarding Charges 14777.00
Grant – BIPP
Grant-in-Aid - National Medicinal Plants Board
Income From Sub-Lease 9646452.00
Interest on Fixed Deposit 1672659.00
Interest Received 729458.00
Miscellaneous Income 4128753.75
Other Deductions
Prior Period Income
Profit/ Loss on Sale of Assets -106791.00
Recovery From Atash Seeds Pvt. Ltd.
ROUND OFF -0.38
Sale of Scrap
Training Programme Income 253609.00
Written Off Employees Dues -6365.44
39286523.74 44.26 %
Indirect Expenses 520263506.47 586.12 %
Administrative Expenses 41610638.94
Audit Fees & Other Expenses 4865097.00
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 65
Board Meeting Expenses 1642710.00
Communication Expenses 8019051.97
Employees Remuneration & Benefits 193258603.05
Finance Charges 86947592.59
Good Earth Expenses
Legal, Professional, Consultancy Fees & Exp
36163558.51
Rent, Rates & Taxes 32276034.12
Repairs & Maintenance 18726811.32
Selling Expenses 16392942.36
Travelling & Conveyance 27676520.80
Coorg Estate Expenses 180000.00
Amortization – Intangibles 9866446.00
Coorg Generator Mntc
Current Tax FY 2006-07
Demmurage Charges 4505705.00
Depreciation Account 22199756.00
Due Diligence Expenses
Employee Stock Option Expense 5406098.00
Estate Expenses 1846360.00
Extraordinary Item
FBT - Expenses A/C 5291376.00
Freight Inward 2791.00
Freight Outward
Hire Charges
Income Tax Payments 362635.00
Lab Expenses 133647.25
Labour Charges
Marketing Expenses
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 66
Office Expenses 228708.29
Prior Period Expenses 283863.00
Prov for Doubtful Debts & Advances 0.27
Provision for Dimunition in Value of Investment
Royalty Fees
Service Tax 2376560.00
Nett Profit: -480976982.73
-541.86 %
Chart:3- Comparision of P&L A/c from 2007 to 2009
3.
Balance sheet of the company in the year 2007-08:-
Avestha Gengraine Techonologies Pvt Ltd
(From 2005)
Avestha Gengraine Techonologies Pvt Ltd
(From 2005)
Liabilities as at 31-Mar-2008 Assets as at 31-Mar-2008
Capital Account 1708577442.09
Fixed Assets 336633595.96
-5E+08-4E+08-3E+08-2E+08-1E+08
0100000000200000000300000000
2007-08 2008-09 2007-08 2008-09
Trading A/cP&L A/c
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 67
Reserves & Surplus
Fixed Assets - Buildings
5172554.62
Business Restructuring Reserve
Fixed Assets - Computers
26043756.85
Defered Employee Stock
Fixed Assets - Depreciation Reserve
-131354675.54
Employee Stock Option Outstanding
2060856.00 Fixed Assets - Office Equipment
5256181.07
Equity Fund Raising Fees
-56681133.0
0
Fixed Assets - Plant & Machinery
238568731.11
Securities Premium Account
-1893699.00 SPREAD - Project Expenses
Share Application
10614440.14
Avesthagen One 29465918.00
Share Capital 42113480.00
CWIP - Building
Share Premium 1712363497.95
CWIP - Hyderabad Land
Loans (Liability) 806128420.89
Fixed Assets - Capital Work in Progress
65140223.85
Bank OD A/c 74732167.69
Fixed Assets - Computer Software
5340209.00
Secured Loans 684850985.20
Fixed Assets - Coorg Estate
Unsecured Loans
46545268.00
Fixed Assets - Electrical Installation
Raimundo Villarroel
Fixed Assets - Furniture & Fixtures
18518056.79
Current Liabilities 139974291.38
Fixed Assets - Leasehold Improvements
10608754.71
Interest Accrued But Not Due
4652710.00 Fixed Assets - Leasehold Land
8998110.00
Creditors for Statutory Dues
31186872.87
Fixed Assets - Vehicles
7781312.00
Duties & Taxes Freehold Land 38167720.00
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 68
Provisions 17455393.00
Leasehold Improvements
8926743.50
Sundry Creditors 69264219.50
Investments 455631605.99
Center for Clinical and Basic Research A/S
Avesthagen Middle East FZ-LLC
3070000.00
CSIR (KNOWHOW) PAYABLE
10000000.00
Invest-Avestagenome Project International Pltd
99000.00
Dimunition in Value of Investment
Investment-Avesthagen Pte Ltd
303360499.99
FBT - Liability Account
1423213.00 Investment in ABRPL
4008000.00
Food Coupons Payable
313081.00 Investment in ABR Pte Ltd.
29080.00
IFU Investment in AGEF
Interest Accrued But Not Due CitiCorp
1856992.43 Investment in Atash Seeds (P) Ltd.
76250000.00
Premium on Redumption of Debenture
1893699.00 Investment in AVA Seeds Pvt. Ltd.
Provision for Other Advances
1619661.58 Investment in Avesta Nordic
68711026.00
TDS - Payable Capital Gains
Investment in Avesthagen Research
Unearned Income
308449.00 Investment in Swagath Seeds Pvt. Ltd.
Suspense A/c Investments 104000.00
Suspense Current Assets 1334270189.02
Grants Petrol Cards 159016.94
Biotech Consortium India
Closing Stock 13019409.00
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 69
Ltd. A/c SBIRI
Inter Department Deposits (Asset) 60498431.00
Loans & Advances (Asset)
718648617.79
Sundry Debtors 370478073.20
Cash-in-hand
Bank Accounts 157838562.09
APSFC
FBT - Asset
MRF Tyres Showroom
Prepaid Monthly Expenses
STOCK IN TRANSIT (SIT)
Unbilled Revenue
Work in Progress 13628079.00
Branch / Divisions
Misc. Expenses (ASSET)
Defered Premium on Debenture
Deferred Revenue Expenditure
Intangible Assets 218326569.94
Project - NMITLI 1414696.00
Amortization Intangible Assets
-26402258.00
Intangibles - Adept Database
99528654.11
Intangible - Teestar
Intangible Work-in 104188091.00
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 70
Progress
PROJECT-NMITLI 32342386.83
Trade Marks - Good Earth
2255000.00
Work in Progress - NMITLI
5000000.00
Loans & Advances (Liability)
3763875.84
AGT 44 Koen Wentink
-13730.42
Citi Corp Card Anil Ram Chauhan
266585.46
Citi Corp Card Bruce
Citi Corp Card Chirag Dalal
-179473.08
Citi Corp Card Dr.Villoo
Citi Corp Card Koen Wentink
27.05
Citi Corp Card Manan Bhatt
134622.18
Citicorp Card Parag Shah
Citi Corp Card Parthasarathi Ghosh
Citi Corp Card Pramod Deshmane
6996.60
Citi Corp Card Rajesh
36791.67
Citi Corp Card Ronnie Khajotia
-0.90
Citi Corp Card Samaresh
884.13
Citi Corp Card Sami Guzder
472080.52
Citicorp Card
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 71
Seetharam Annadana
Citi Corp Card Shantanu Pandey
Citicorp Card Sharmishtha
Citi Corp Card Sridhar Venkatraman
Citicorp Card Suman Khanuja
Citi Corp Card Supriya K Guha
-54420.42
Credit Card A/c - Dr.Villoo
Dr.Villoo Morawala Patell
3093513.05
J.V.Laxman Rao
Loan From Koen
Revenue
Profit & Loss A/c 306054317.61
Opening Balance 164838810.45
Current Period 141211729.16
Less: Transferred -3778.00
Total 2654680154.36
Total 2654680154.36
4. Balance Sheet of the company in the year 2008-09:-
Avestha Gengraine Techonolo
gies Pvt Ltd (From
2005)
Avestha Gengraine Techonologies Pvt Ltd (From 2005)
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 72
Liabilities as at 31-Mar-2009
Assets as at 31-Mar-2009
Capital Account 1235176838.09
Fixed Assets 334159
372.48
Reserves & Surplus
Fixed Assets - Buildings
5172554.62
Business Restructuring Reserve
-3957644
68.00
Fixed Assets - Computers
27919937.37
Defered Employee Stock
Fixed Assets - Depreciation Reserve
-1593376
78.54
Employee Stock Option Outstanding
2743398.00
Fixed Assets - Office Equipment
6813453.07
Equity Fund Raising Fees
-56681133.0
0
Fixed Assets - Plant & Machinery
344705024.11
Securities Premium Account
-136012476.
00
SPREAD - Project Expenses
Share Application 25085401.1
4
Avesthagen One
Share Capital 42540670.0
0
CWIP - Building
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 73
Share Premium 1753265445
.95
CWIP - Hyderabad Land
Loans (Liability) 1121603891.48
Fixed Assets - Capital Work in Progress
4137250.85
Bank OD A/c 156802021.
31
Fixed Assets - Computer Software
5406440.00
Secured Loans 806368611.
17
Fixed Assets - Coorg Estate
363361.00
Unsecured Loans 158433259.
00
Fixed Assets - Electrical Installation
Raimundo Villarroel Fixed Assets - Furniture & Fixtures
20537477.79
Current Liabilities 629700105.05
Fixed Assets - Leasehold Improvements
13499838.71
Interest Accrued But Not Due
1300596.00
Fixed Assets - Leasehold Land
8998110.00
Creditors for Statutory Dues
76043435.6
7
Fixed Assets - Vehicles
7781312.00
Duties & Taxes -0.23 Freehold Land 37915653.00
Provisions 39680465.0
0
Leasehold Improvements
10246638.50
Sundry Creditors 188432270.
03
Investments 479134605.99
Center for Clinical and Basic Research A/S
Avesthagen Middle East FZ-LLC
3070000.00
CSIR (KNOWHOW) PAYABLE
10000000.0
0
Invest-Avestagenome Project International Pltd
100000.00
Dimunition in Value of Investment
29080.00
Investment-Avesthagen Pte Ltd
303360499.99
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 74
FBT - Liability Account
6969613.00
Investment in ABRPL 4008000.00
Food Coupons Payable
2027086.00
Investment in ABR Pte Ltd.
29080.00
IFU Investment in AGEF 100000.00
Interest Accrued But Not Due CitiCorp
1718855.00
Investment in Atash Seeds (P) Ltd.
99450000.00
Premium on Redumption of Debenture
136012476.
00
Investment in AVA Seeds Pvt. Ltd.
100000.00
Provision for Other Advances
166467256.
58
Investment in Avesta Nordic
68711026.00
TDS - Payable Capital Gains
Investment in Avesthagen Research
100000.00
Unearned Income 1018972.00
Investment in Swagath Seeds Pvt. Ltd.
Suspense A/c Investments 106000.00
Suspense Current Assets 1100404767.95
Grants Petrol Cards 107.61
Biotech Consortium India Ltd. A/c SBIRI
Closing Stock 20876780.00
Inter Department Deposits (Asset) 29787241.00
Loans & Advances (Liability)
2611965.08
Loans & Advances (Asset)
720339901.65
AGT 44 Koen Wentink
416636.26
Sundry Debtors 321807986.81
Citi Corp Card Anil Ram Chauhan
Cash-in-hand 62136.50
Citi Corp Card Bruce
20371.97
Bank Accounts 7430614.38
Citi Corp Card Chirag Dalal
179473.08
APSFC 100000.00
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 75
Citi Corp Card Dr.Villoo
433368.82
FBT - Asset
Citi Corp Card Koen Wentink
55543.76
MRF Tyres Showroom
Citi Corp Card Manan Bhatt
0.32 Prepaid Monthly Expenses
Citicorp Card Parag Shah
103961.95
STOCK IN TRANSIT (SIT)
Citi Corp Card Parthasarathi Ghosh
Unbilled Revenue
Citi Corp Card Pramod Deshmane
Work in Progress
Citi Corp Card Rajesh
148716.12
Branch / Divisions
Citi Corp Card Ronnie Khajotia
Misc. Expenses (ASSET)
Citi Corp Card Samaresh
Defered Premium on Debenture
Citi Corp Card Sami Guzder
29803.51
Deferred Revenue Expenditure
Citicorp Card Seetharam Annadana
233005.54
Intangible Assets 288362752.94
Citi Corp Card Shantanu Pandey
2771.32
Project - NMITLI 1414696.00
Citicorp Card Sharmishtha
Amortization Intangible Assets
-4778171
7.00
Citi Corp Card Sridhar Venkatraman
55737.69
Intangibles - Adept Database
99528654.11
Citicorp Card Suman Khanuja
Intangible - Teestar 4521679.00
Citi Corp Card Supriya K Guha
177147.05
Intangible Work-in Progress
191082054.00
Credit Card A/c - Dr.Villoo
512427.45
PROJECT-NMITLI 32342386.83
Dr.Villoo Morawala Patell
243000.24
Trade Marks - Good Earth
2255000.00
J.V.Laxman Rao Work in Progress – 5000000.00
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 76
NMITLI
Loan From Koen Profit & Loss A/c 787031300.34
Revenue Opening Balance 306054317.61
Current Period 480976982.73
Total 2989092799.70
Total 2989092799.70
Chart:4- Comparison of Balance Sheet from 2007to 2009
5. Ratio Analysis of the company in the year 2007-08:-
Avestha Gengraine
Techonologies Pvt Ltd
(From 2005)
Avestha Gengraine Techonologies Pvt Ltd (From 2005)
Principal Groups 1-Apr-2007 to 31-Mar-2008
Principal Ratios 1-Apr-2007 to 31-Mar-
0
200000000
400000000
600000000
800000000
1E+09
1.2E+09
1.4E+09
1.6E+09
1.8E+09
2007-08 2008-09
Capital
loans
current assets
Loan& advances(Lib)
Fixed Assets
Investment
Current Assets
Financial System Analysis
Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 77
2008
Working Capital 1,19,42,95,897.64 Dr
Current Ratio 9.53 : 1
(Current Assets-Current Liabilities)
(Current Assets : Current Liabilities)
Cash-in-hand 0.00 Dr Quick Ratio 9.44 : 1
Bank Accounts 15,78,38,562.09 Dr
(Current Assets-Stock-in-hand : Current Liabilities)
Bank OD A/c 7,47,32,167.69 Cr
Debt/Equity Ratio 0.51 : 1
Sundry Debtors 37,04,78,073.20 Dr
(Loans (Liability) : Capital Account + Nett Profit)
(due till today) 73,01,30,278.97 Dr
Gross Profit % 82.12%
Sundry Creditors 6,92,64,219.50 Cr
Nett Profit % (-)42.49 %
(due till today) 33,52,20,647.25 Cr
Operating Cost % 142.49%
Sales Accounts 33,23,07,203.00 Cr
(as percentage of Sales Accounts)
Purchase Accounts 4,79,60,071.02 Dr
Recv. Turnover in days 230.18 days
Stock-in-hand 1,30,19,409.00 Dr
(payment performance of Debtors)
Nett Loss 14,12,11,729.16 Dr
Return on Investment % (-)9.01 %
Wkg. Capital Turnover 0.28 (Nett Profit / Capital Account + Nett Profit )
(Sales Accounts / Working Capital)
Return on Wkg. Capital % (-)11.82 %
Inventory Turnover 25.52 (Nett Profit / Working Capital) %
(Sales Accounts / Closing Stock)
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Chart:5- Ratio Analysis of 2007-08
6. Ratio Analysis of the company in 2008-09:-
Avestha Gengraine
Techonologies Pvt Ltd
(From 2005)
Avestha Gengraine
Techonologies Pvt Ltd (From
2005)
Principal Groups 1-Apr-2008 to 31-Mar-
2009
Principal Ratios 1-Apr-2008 to 31-Mar-2009
Working Capital 47,07,04,662.90 Dr
Current Ratio 1.75 : 1
(Current Assets-Current Liabilities)
(Current Assets : Current Liabilities)
Cash-in-hand 62,136.50 Dr Quick Ratio 1.71 : 1
Bank Accounts 74,30,614.38 Dr
(Current Assets-Stock-in-hand : Current Liabilities)
Bank OD A/c 15,68,02,021.31 Cr
Debt/Equity Ratio 1.49 : 1
Sundry Debtors 32,18,07,986.81 Dr
(Loans (Liability) : Capital Account + Nett Profit)
(due till today) 77,53,04,355 Gross Profit % 24.84%
05
1015202530
Aves
tha
Gen
grai
ne
Tech
onol
ogie
s Pv
t Ltd
(Fro
m
2005
)
Aves
tha
Gen
grai
ne
Tech
onol
ogie
s Pv
t Ltd
(Fro
m
2005
)
Principal Groups
Working Capital
(Current Assets-Current Liabilities)
Cash-in-hand
Bank Accounts
Bank OD A/c
Sundry Debtors
(due till today)
Sundry Creditors
(due till today)
Sales Accounts
Purchase Accounts
Stock-in-hand
Nett Loss
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.48 Dr
Sundry Creditors 18,84,32,270.03 Cr
Nett Profit % (-)541.86 %
(due till today) 48,49,33,391.99 Cr
Operating Cost % 641.86%
Sales Accounts 8,87,63,465.00 Cr
(as percentage of Sales Accounts)
Purchase Accounts 3,99,32,588.69 Dr
Recv. Turnover in days 164.94 days
Stock-in-hand 2,08,76,780.00 Dr
(payment performance of Debtors)
Nett Loss 48,09,76,982.73 Dr
Return on Investment % (-)63.77 %
Wkg. Capital Turnover 0.19 (Nett Profit / Capital Account + Nett Profit )
(Sales Accounts / Working Capital)
Return on Wkg. Capital % (-)102.18 %
Inventory Turnover 4.25 (Nett Profit / Working Capital) %
(Sales Accounts / Clo
Chart:6- Ratio Analysis of 2008-09
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4.5 Summary of Findings:
ADePtTM is a proprietary Indian medicinal plant resource developed by Avesthagen
that contains 3 complimentary data streams:
• Over 3000 formulations described in traditional medicine compendia like Ayurveda,
Unani or Siddha compendia classified by disease states. The formulations consist
primarily of one or more herbs. They have been developed empirically over several
thousand years, and there is demonstrated evidence that several of them have passed
extensive pre-clinical and clinical validation. This is primary source for lead selection.
• Listing of more than 2500 medicinal plants, and extensive information about their ethno
botanical uses, and pharmacognosy related information. This is used for adding validity
to selected leads.
01234567
Avestha Gengraine echonologies Pvt Ltd (From
2005)
Principal Groups
Working Capital
(Current Assets-Current Liabilities)Cash-in-hand
Bank Accounts
Bank OD A/c
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Dayananda Sagar Business School Page 81
• Listing of the structure of molecules and profiles of more than 15,000 compounds
common to plants reported to have biological activity across disease states. It is
combined with a proprietary molecular profiling technology called MetaGridTM. It also
contains additional biological and chemical analysis of the potential leads.
Etiology-based Cell-assays
A series of cell-free (enzymatic) and cell-based assays are conducted to screen and validate
natural extracts specific to various etiologies within a medical condition. The assays are
classified into two groups - outcome oriented and mechanistic. The assays, now standardized
for variations within natural extracts, have proved invaluable as an indicator of bioactivity; in
elucidating potential mode of action; and helping in better planning of in-vivo and human trials
for efficacy.
MetaGridTM is a proprietary comparative metabolite analysis tool for fingerprinting of
phytoextracts. It enables us to track up to 250 metabolites across different varieties, batches
and extracts of a particular botanical. The result is better reproducibility of extracts and a more
exacting tool for quality control at the manufacturing level than is currently available.
Solvent-free Extraction
Supercritical fluids extraction (SFE) is increasingly replacing organic solvents due to regulatory
and environmental pressures on ozone-depleting emissions. SFE processes have eliminated
the use of hexane and methylene chloride as solvents. With increasing scrutiny of solvent
residues in pharmaceuticals, medical products, and nutraceuticals, and with stricter regulations
on VOC and ODC emissions, the use of SFE is rapidly proliferating in natural extracts.
Avesthagen has built competency to develop and implement supercritical CO2 extraction from
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lab to commercial scale to ensure "solvent-free" ingredients. The following are the advantages
of SFE to our customers:
• No solvent residues. For industrial processes involving food or pharmaceuticals this is a
big plus.
• SCF derived extracts are regarded as "nature identical".
• Retains biological activity and allows minimal product degradation, particularly for
products such as polyunsaturated oils and complex lipids.
Supporting our Partners
• Discovery and validation of natural ingredients for health benefits.
• Optimization of organoleptics and physical characteristics to exactly fit YOUR food
product.
• Support product and concept design.
• Extensive safety studies and analysis for potential contaminants.
• Execution of well-designed clinical studies to demonstrate benefit.
• Solvent free manufacturing process for supply of ingredients.
• Marketing support to health professional.
Avesthagen focuses on generating novel nutraceutical products through application of its
integrated technology platform on the converging food and pharmaceutical sectors. The
program is developing medicinal plant based solutions for chronic degenerative conditions such
as diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis, etc. where no effective treatment currently exists.
Avesthagen plans to bring to market over the next few years a range branded therapeutic
nutritional compounds with supporting clinically validation.
Disease Background and Unmet Needs
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Diabetes
It is estimated that there are about a 135 million cases of diabetes in the world today.
Recent studies indicate that this number could astonishingly rise to 300 million by 2025.
Worldwide sales of anti-diabetic drugs have reached $9 billion. Type 2 diabetes, which
is Avesthagen's specific interest in this area accounts for almost 90% of the cases and
is rising, with the risk of developing the disease increasing with age. The greatest
increase in the diabetic population worldwide is projected for India at 195%. With the
rising numbers of diabetes sufferers worldwide, the market for diabetes medications
could exceed $20 billion by 2006.
Obesity
Over the past three decades, the prevalence of obesity has risen to epidemic
proportions in the United States and Europe. Despite public health efforts, no marked
shift towards healthier lifestyles is likely over the next ten years rather, the health
problems of obese and overweight people are expected to increase. The number of
obese adults in the 7 major markets (US, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, UK and Japan)
is expected to grow from 95 million in 2000 to 139 million in 2010. Less than 25% of
potential patients are formally diagnosed as obese, and less than 20% of those who are
diagnosed are treated with pharmacological therapies. The modest efficacy of the
available pharmacological therapies led by sibutramine (Knoll's Meridia,
AstraZeneca/Eisai's Reductil) and orlistat (Roche's Xenical) contributes to the small
percentage of drug-treated patients: available therapies achieve only an average 5-10%
loss of initial body weight in less than 50% of patients.
Bone Loss
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About 40 million people in the USA alone suffer from conditions related to bone loss and
rheumatoid arthritis. The combined market for pharmaceutical and nutritional products
aimed at these conditions exceeds $15 billion. Disease in which bone loss is observed
includes malignant bone disease, arthritis - rheumatoid ($1–3 billion) and osteoarthritis
($8 billion) and osteoporosis ($5 billion). Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory
disease characterized by focal regions of subchondral osteoclastic bone resorption.
Osteoporosis is characterized by a reduction in bone mass and deterioration in bone
architecture. The most common cause of osteoporosis in women is loss of estrogen,
which occurs at menopause.
In the highly competitive environment of contemporary pharmaceutical research, plant
natural products provide a unique element of structural diversity and biological
functionality, which are indispensable for biotherapeutic discovery. About 40% of the
drugs currently used are derived from natural sources. Throughout rural India,
traditional physicians use a large number of plants from the ambient vegetations to deal
with complicated diseases and ailments. The WHO estimates that 80% of the
population in developing countries rely on traditional medicines, mostly plant drugs, for
their primary health care needs. A survey conducted by the All India Coordinated
Research Project on Ethno-biology (AICRPE) recorded over 5,000 rare species of wild
plants used by tribals and other traditional communities in India for treating various
health problems. Recent studies of ethno-medical information have confirmed plants as
a reservoir of chemical agents with therapeutic potential. The primary systems of
traditional medicine practiced in India are Siddha, Ayurveda, and Unani.
What differentiates our approach from other available phytoextracts
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• Availability of extensive databases that include a wide range of products used in
traditional systems of medicine practiced in India and SEA and a compendium of
herbal medicines used across the world,
• A proprietary methodology called MetaGridTM, which is based on the use of
sophisticated high-throughput instrumental analysis,
• Validation of the activity of compositions using tissue specific gene expression
profiling (micro-arrays) and highly targeted cell and animal models of human
diseases.
bioAgriculture
Mission Statement
To improve productivity in Agriculture and develop technologies that address global
environmental challenges to achieve as sustainable future through a fine blend of food,
feed, fiber and fuel.
Avesthagen Seed Promise
To build credibility with farmers and commitment to excellence while growing as a
profitalbe enterprise.
The Agri. Biotech: bioAgriculture business line aims to improve productivity in
Agriculture through a combination of:
• Plant genetics & breeding using Molecular Techniques
• Selection of natural and artificial variation and
• Plant Transformation.
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Some of the major products in the pipeline are:
• Male Sterile Lines in Rice (FTO - worldwide patent)
• Male Sterile Lines in Tomato.
• Engineering plants for Salt stress by over-expressing a putative protease inhibitor
-AGTSal11 in Rice
• Transformed lines in Pearl Millet
• Isolation of DREB genes in rice and engineering for drought and high salt stress
tolerance in rice. Engineering Pearl millet for Disease Resistance
• Engineering Indica Rice lines for Oxidative Stress Tolerance.
• Production of DHA and ALA in yeast and sunflower
• Enhancement of Quality traits (Aroma) in Rice
• Cloning and transformation of cDRSS (cDNA Rasi Salt Stress) genes for salt
tolerance
In addition to carrying on its in-house research, Avesthagen uses its infrastructure and
capabilities to provide a range of services to the international seed industry, both in "fee
for service" and in "co-development" mode:
• Gene Discovery: Identifying gene of Interest, Cloning, Sequencing and Vector
Construction
• Plant Transformation: Plant Tissue/ Callus culture, Agro bacterium / Biolistic Gun
Plantlet Regeneration and Hardening
• Transgene Analysis: Integration - PCR & Southern Analysis, Product - Protein Analysis
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• Transgene Stabilization: Maintenance of Transgenics in containment (Greenhouse),
Toxicity & Allergen Testing
• Field Trials
• Marker Assisted Breeding ("MAB"): both development of DNA markers as well as
germplasm screening programs using existing markers
• Varietal Identification & DNA fingerprinting
Avesthagen currently has over 83 patent applications, of which 37 are resulting from the
Seed for Food program. Out of the 37, 12 are international patents, which include the
patents for the DHA/ALA as well as the CMS technology. In addition, Avesthagen has
licensed several technologies / genes for further R&D, from other parties. As a result,
Avesthagen Seed for Food has substantial freedom to operate in the agri-biotech
domain.
Core Competency
A complete 'gene to field' set-up places us in a unique position for being a part of the
gene discovery, its subsequent cloning, analysis and transformation into plants, and
also raising the transgenic plants in containment, up to the production of hybrid seeds.
Avesthagen is being tied-up with ICRISAT for field trials. The facility includes an
advanced molecular laboratory equipped for gene discovery, cloning, sequencing,
molecular analysis and transformation and supported by Bioinformatics and Proteomics
teams.
Avesthagen Hybrid-FITTM
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A dedicated team effort by the "Seed for Food" group at Avesthagen utilizing the state-
of-art technology for the improvement and increase in the agricultural produce.
Developing novel plant varieties that are not only tolerant to environmental and biotic
stress, but also plant products with improved taste, nutrition and longer shelf life
RNA editing - a tool to generate male sterile lines in agronomically important crops
• Generating male sterile lines by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction using a novel
gene product by plant transformation
• Powerful tool enabling the breeders to shorten the laborious emasculation and
selection procedure
• A species/variety independent protocol that can be extended to a number of
important crop varieties for F 1 hybrid seed production
The AGTSal 11 - Silver RiceTM (IR64)
The AGTSal 11 - Silver RiceTM salt tolerant variety of Indica rice State-of-art Avesthagen
Plant Transformation Facility (AaPTF) has successfully developed and established
workable protocols for producing a number of transgenic crops that include cereals,
vegetable crops, oilseeds and cotton, using Biolistic gun and Agrobacterium-mediated
Avesthagen Rice-BCPTM
Relates to the isolation of a Blue Copper Protein from the RASI variety of rice seedlings
under salinity stress conditions. The protein was found to be up-regulated two to three
fold under salt stressed conditions. Differential expression was observed between the
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RASI control and salt stressed sample and that there was increased induction of the
mRNA in the salt stressed RASI
The APTF-Pearl Millet Transformation SystemTM (IR64)
Avesthagen Plant Transformation Facility (APTF) has been instrumental in successfully
establishing workable transformation protocols for producing a number of agronomically
important crops that include cereals, vegetable crops, oilseeds and cotton, using
Biolistic gun-/Agrobacterium-mediated transformation systems.
The APTF-Pearl Millet Transformation SystemTM is a very well established protocol that
has been utilized in developing Environmental Stress Tolerant (Avesthagen EnSTolTM)
and Fungal resistant (Avesthagen Myco-FITTM) varieties of Pearl Millet.
Indica Rice BAC LibrariesTM
Rice is a leading grain crop and the staple food for over half the world population. Rice
is also an ideal species for genetic and biological studies for cereal crops and other
monocotyledonous plants because of its small genome and well-developed genetic
system. To facilitate rice genome analysis leading to physical mapping, the identification
of molecular markers closely linked to economic traits, and map-based cloning, we have
constructed bacterial artificial chromosome library (Indica Rice BAC LibrariesTM) in
collaboration with Dr. Rod A. Wing, CUGI, Clemson University, of two superior Indica
varieties of rice 'SWARNA' and 'BASMATI' which represent the two major genomes of
cultivated rice, both are leading commercial varieties and widely used germplasm in rice
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breeding programs. An entire representative and genetically stable BAC library of rice
genome from Swarna and Basmati has been constructed by the Seed for Food Group
at Avesthagen This has been systematically analysed by restriction enzyme
fragmentation and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The BAC recombinant
transformants were picked at random and analyzed for the size of inserts, which was
observed to be of 120 kb in length on average.
Avesthagen has a library of > 50,000 such BAC clones. Large scale DNA sequencing of
individual chromosomes could now be initiated simply by selecting and sequencing the
minimally overlapped BAC clones of the contigs. We are now in the process of mapping
the contigs to chromosomes.
Biochemical engineering of natural product biosynthesis pathwaysTM
Metabolic engineering of natural products is a science that been built on the goals of
traditional strain improvement with the availability of modern molecular biological
technologies. During the past decade, the state of the art in metabolic engineering of
natural products research has been advanced from the first proof-of-principle
experiment based on minimal known genetics to a fairly commonplace event using
highly specific and sophisticated gene manipulation methods. With the availability of
specific genes, host organisms, vector systems, and advanced molecular biological
tools, Avesthagen is aimed at translating metabolic engineering into an industrial reality.
Avesthagen has been focused on the enhanced synthesis of therapeutically relevant
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secondary metabolites such as colchicine and forskolin in cell-culture systems of
G.superba and C.forskohlii respectively. Callus cultures of G.superba were biolistically
transformed with a homologue of the recently characterized ORCA family of
transcription factors that have been shown to be involved with the regulation of both
primary and secondary metabolic flux in higher plant systems, so as to facilitate an
enhanced, controlled production of colchicine. In similar lines, a homologue of the
R2/R3-myb family of transcription factors has been over-expressed in C. forskohlii
cultures to result in an increased accumulation of forskolin.
Avesthagen-MetaGridTM
The plethora of plants selected for the isolation of therapeutically relevant molecules to
be used in the treatment of diabetes, is being subjected to both targeted and non-
targeted screening procedures. The ongoing-targeted screening procedures, which
feature a comprehensive metabolite profiling of multitudes of phyto-extracts, were
envisaged to facilitate the creation of a metabolite grid. Extensive comparative analyses
of the individual plant species with the existing drug and/or phytoextract formulations in
the market has revealed the presence of both unique and common molecular
constituents that will be used individually and/or in combination to accelerate the
process of discovery of novel therapeutic formulations.
Avesthagen-ProFuseTM
A concerted team effort by the Food for Medicine group at Avesthagen making use of
the state of art technology to produce a library of novel compounds by the fusion of
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protoplasts from two different cell lines of Taxus species, thereby engineering living
cells to a state of desired metabolite concentrations and fluxes. The resulting product
will possess distinctive compounds of therapeutic value coupled with a fast growing
nature.
Avesthagen - ElixirTM
Avestha-ElixirTM has been envisaged as a unique formulation aimed at combating
ageing, fatigue, inertia and stress, thus promoting youthfulness and vigour. This
formulation will serve as a panacea for health, free of chemical pesticides, antibiotics,
hormones, herbicides and chemical solvents. Avestha-ElixirTM can be consumed as
such or can be incorporated into other food products, especially confectionary items and
beverages.
Over Expression of Mitochondrial Manganese Superoxide (MnSOD)
MnSOD is a nuclear-encoded protein that scavenges superoxide radicals in the
mitochondrial matrix. The chloroplast is one of the primary sites of high AOS production
during stress conditions. By targeting MnSOD enzyme to the chloroplast, the capacity to
scavenge any radical that may be produced can be increased.
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5.1
Summary of Learnind Experience:
1) For performing these king of research large data base is required. The data collected for this study is not sufficient to analyze the investment pattern of retail investors in India.
2) There may be many variables which influences the result but this analysis reveals only few variables.
3) There can be some deviations in the data as the human psychology changes from time to time.
4) The feedback we got may not be correct as the respondent might have filled in the information with no interest or in hurry.
5) Scientific research on the part of research is also required.
6) Accuracy level may be effected when data is subjected to weighing.
7) Time was the biggest constraint as these studies cannot be completed with accuracy in two month.
8) Understanding the psychology of human is not the cup of every one tea so, might be some interpretations go wrong.
CHAPTER – 05
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
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9) Some respondents might have taken the question in different sense which can change the data collected.
10) Cost was also the constraint as collection of Primary data required huge amount of spending.
5.2 Conclusion & Recommendation:
1) The company should look into the low call ratio problem and sort this out at the earliest as these potential clients can be a customer of the company.
2) The company should go through the entire data collected about the investors risk appetite, their preference for financial instrument and investment capacity etc. to diversify their business in other sectors also.
3) Apart from retail investors, the company can also focus on institutional sector as institutions, banks and corporate have their own unique investment needs.
4) The company can also go for business tie-ups to upgrade their services or to widen the product line and width.
5) The company can adopt corporate level strategy like merger or acquisition to increase their client base and geographical dominance.
6) Keep on improving the Information Technology section of the company so as to keep themselves ahead from others in terms of quality and speed.
7) Marketing strategy for the promotion of the company is required.
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8) Identify the core competencies of the company as well as the loose ends so as to maintain the core competency and work on the weakness.
9) Quarterly review of the employee performance to maintain the hard working employee in the company otherwise they can be a liability on the company.
10) Review the pay system of the company to keep the motivation of the employee as employees are the one who convert the commitments of the company into reality.
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NAME: _________________________
Contact no.:______________________
Q 01: What is Profit and Loss account?
______________________________________________________________
Q 02: What is Balance Sheet?
ANNEXTURE
QUESTIONNAIRES
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______________________________________________________________
Q 03: Cash-in- hand is the item of.
a) Current Liability b) Current Asset c) Fixed Asset d) Long term liability
Q 04:What is capital?
______________________________________________________
05: What is Revenue?
______________________________________________________
Q 06: Form 15ca?
_____________________________________________________
Q 07: What is bank reconciliation?
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____________________________________________________
Q 08: What is sales Tax return?
_____________________________________________
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Website:
www.google.com
www.wikipedia.com
www.avesthagen.com
Newspaper:
Times of India
Economics Times
Books:
International financial Management
Financial management
BIBLIOGRAPHY