Volume 3 - FSA Handbook: Calculating Awards & Packaging - IFAP
Final Updated Group 3 FSA Presentation as at 3 DISEMBER
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ACC 703: Analysis and Application
of Accounting DataPREPARED BY:MOHD FADZLEE BIN MALIK
2013438384
KHAIRUL AZRIN BIN MOD RIFAT
2013240544
PREPARED FOR:
ASSOCIATE PROF. DR. NORASHIKIN ISMAIL
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
Companies Background
Financial Analysis
Quantitative Analysis
Qualitative Analysis
Conclusion
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Industries & Companies Background
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Beverages Industries Background
Promising return to investors
CPI Index up to 31% for(Jan-Sept2012, thus shows foods and non-
alcoholic beverages as a mainindicator of consumer goods andservices purchased by households
IMF has forecast that worldeconomy to grow by 3.5% in 2013whereby Malaysias economy isprojected to sustain a growth ofbetween 4.5% to 5% in 2013.
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Companies Background
The largest bottled water producer in Malaysia with 38% market acquisition.
Incorporated in the late 1980s in Taiping, Perak,. The Spritzer Group ofCompanies today comprises of five subsidiaries which are involved in themanufacturing and distribution of natural mineral water, sparkling naturalmineral water, distilled drinking water, carbonated fruit flavoured drink, non-carbonated fruit flavoured drink, functional drink, toothbrushes, performs andpackaging bottles
Founded on 23 July 1999 in Johor Bahru, Johor . Power Root Berhad wasincorporated in 2006. Develop and promote herbal energy drinks in Malaysiafortified with two main rainforest herbs known as eurycoma longifolia jack orcommonly known as "Tongkat Ali" and labisia pumilia and pathoina or "KacipFatimah". These herbs are indigenous to Malaysia and its properties forpromoting physical well-being are highly regarded by Malaysians.
Provides ready-to-drink (RTD) coffee, RTD tea, RTD chocolate malt drinks, RTDcereal, and energy drinks. Various products such as Alicafe, Pearl Cafe,Oligo, Alitea, and Power Root brand names. Power Root has established astrong and aggressive marketing network in Malaysia. These high qualityproducts combined with aggressive promotional and marketing campaign
have made Power Root as a leading brand in the Malaysia Market.5
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FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS
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METHODOLOGIES
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Understanding in term of how financial
statement analysis is used to analyzethe viability of a project or a
company in specific industries
OBJECTIVES
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Quantitative Analysis Vertical analysis
Horizontal analysis
Ratio analysis
Qualitative Analysis
SWOT analysis
Other Tools
Altman Z-score analysis
Market/Analyst expectation
Cash Flow analysis
METHODOLOGIES
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QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS
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INCOME HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL
ANALYSIS
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VERTICAL ANALYSIS
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2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
SPRITZER RM98,746,000 RM108,253,000 RM131,636,000 RM147,682,000 RM178,208,000
POWER ROOT RM178,478,659 RM138,146,241 RM153,107,212 RM184,823,929 RM217,036,013
RM0
RM50,000,000
RM100,000,000
RM150,000,000
RM200,000,000
RM250,000,000
RM
REVENUE
FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
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Vertical Analysis Highlight
- Income Statement
Both companies have shown improvement withrevenues generated above RM100m from 2009 until2012.
Power Root recorded highest revenue for the periodinvolved with the average differences amounting RM32million for year 2011 and 2012.
This result shows that even though Spritzer well known asthe brand leader in the beverages industries inMalaysian market, Power Root has more efficiency in
term of revenue generating from the operation.15
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2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
RM106,452,000RM115,931,000
RM157,890,000
RM186,721,000RM188,403,000
RM65,882,888RM80,236,644 RM87,318,666 RM88,029,199 RM83,444,404
TOTAL NON CURRENT
ASSETS
SPRITZER POWER ROOT
Vertical Analysis Highlight
- Balance Sheet
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
RM63,043,000 RM64,477,000
RM81,484,000 RM78,209,000RM83,679,000
RM176,258,791
RM145,388,737RM138,039,624
RM132,440,583
RM149,941,472
CURRENT ASSETS
SPRITZER POWER ROOT
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Vertical Analysis Highlight
- Balance Sheet
Spritzer focus on improving the non-current assets while Power Rootemphasizing on the current asset.
Spritzers highest allocation was on the Property, Plant and Equipment(PPE) with average of 60% over the five years from the total assets.
Power Root has huge different on the cash and cash equivalent.
This scenario might give impression that Spritzer vision to keep investing onthe fixed assets while Power Root on maintaining its cash and cashequivalent to finance its operation for the future.
This shows that Power Root has less investing on activities that cangenerated revenues for the organisation while Spritzer quite aggressive interm of improving the asset to generate its revenues.
Note: To analyze the efficient of both of this approach, we have to do other analysis such as assetturnover or others to support our findings
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INCOME HORIZONTAL ANALYSIS
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2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
SPRITZER RM98,746,000 RM108,253,000 RM131,636,000 RM147,682,000 RM178,208,000
POWER ROOT RM178,478,659 RM138,146,241 RM153,107,212 RM184,823,929 RM217,036,013
RM0
RM50,000,000
RM100,000,000
RM150,000,000
RM200,000,000
RM250,000,000
RM
REVENUE
FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
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Horizontal Analysis Highlight
- Income Statement Revenues for both of the companies were in fluctuate position whereby Power Root
recorded the most decline trend by -23% while Spritzer show minimal increase ofrevenues by 10% in year 2009.
This is due to the fact that sales for Spritzer in 2008 has tremendously increase andwe assume this significant growth resulted because of general election which beingheld in 2008 together with the introduction of new product of 5 gallon bottled
water. That is why Spritzersperformance for the next financial year is quite minimalby just increasing of 10% for the year 2009.
Power Root has successfull recorded higher revenue in year 2008 because oflaunching new products line such as Perlchoco, oligo coco and oligo cereal.
Power Root also manage to penetrate to a new in the middle east market.However the Power Roots performance for the year of 2009 has droppedsignificantly by -23%. This is due to the escalating of operation cost as well asconsumer spending weakened because of global financial crisis.
Nevertheless, both companies have recovered their sales with two digits ofpercentage in the next financial year.
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Horizontal Analysis Highlight
- Balance Sheet
Same unusual trend for PPE of Spritzer and Power Rootover the years.
Spritzer has recorded percentage increase of 43% for
year 2010 meanwhile drop percentage Power Root of -12% for year 2012.
For these scenarios, we have assumed that Spritzer hasacquired additional hire purchase arrangement for
PPE, factory expansion and motor vehicles togetherwith re-evaluation of groupsland and properties.
For Power Root, we have identified the group hasdisposed/write off the assets and reclassification of PPE
to investment properties.22
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2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
RM98,040,000RM107,562,000
RM154,256,000
RM183,087,000 RM184,180,000
RM60,864,508
RM74,128,166RM81,933,395 RM82,154,133
RM72,125,933
PROPERTY PLANT & EQUIPMENT
SPRITZER POWER ROOT
FINANCIAL POSITION
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2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
RM10,058,000
RM16,555,000
RM41,187,000
RM46,500,000
RM36,229,000
RM15,159,285
RM3,068,151 RM2,519,964 RM2,028,895 RM1,633,904
LONG TERM BORROWING
SPRITZER POWER ROOT
FINANCIAL POSITION
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2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
RM13,991,000 RM14,222,000
RM31,089,000
RM41,038,000
RM47,913,000
RM1,441,386
RM4,123,890RM2,424,839
RM4,291,260
RM7,091,681
CURRENT BORROWINGS
SPRITZER POWER ROOT
FINANCIAL POSITION
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LIQUIDITY RATIO (LR)
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Current Ratio 2.30 2.44 1.62 1.21 1.17
Quick Ratio 1.71 2.01 1.28 0.91 0.88
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
RA
TIO
LR FOR SPRITZER
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Current Ratio 6.69 5.03 4.57 3.73 3.42
Quick Ratio 5.12 3.74 3.73 3.04 2.66
-
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
RATIO
LR FOR POWER ROOT
LIQUIDITY
RATIO
SPRITZER BHD POWER ROOT BHD
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Average
Ratio2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Average
Ratio
Current Ratio
2.30
2.44
1.62
1.21
1.17
1.75
6.69 5.03 4.57 3.73 3.42 4.69
Quick Ratio 1.71
2.01
1.28
0.91
0.88
1.36
5.12 3.74 3.73 3.04 2.66 3.6627
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Financial Ratio Analysis
- Liquidity Ratio Highlight
Liquidity ratio widely used for identifying a companysability to satisfy itscurrent liabilities with its current assets. Itsreflected the company ability toconvert its short term asset into cash to meet or cover the short termfinancial obligations when it is necessary. The higher the liquidity ratioindicates the larger margin of safety the company posses to cover its shortterm obligation.
Liquidity ratios mainly consists of Current ratio (Current assets / Currentliabilities) and Quick ratio (Current assets Inventory) / Current Liabilities).
From Table, both the Current Ratio and Quick Ratio shows a decreasingtrend from 2008 to 2012. However, both companies have ability tomanage its liquidity in short term except for Spritzer Bhd for 2011 and 2012
after excluding their inventories. These are mainly due to increase ofborrowing and hire purchase payables to finance its operation.
As such Spritzer should take necessary action to improve its currentliabilities for the next financial year whereby Power Root still has itscapability to manage current obligation reasonably.
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PROFITABILITY RATIO (PR)
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Gross Profit Margin 51.22% 48.29% 44.87% 47.60% 47.99%
Net Profit Margin 7.93% 7.50% 9.53% 5.48% 5.94%
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
RATIO
PR FOR SPRITZER
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Gross Profit Margin 41.74% 40.81% 43.07% 41.49% 47.72%
Net Profit Margin 22.00% 7.06% 6.65% 6.61% 7.47%
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
R
ATIO
PR FOR POWER ROOT
PROFITABILITY RATIO
SPRITZER BHD
POWER ROOT BHD
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012Average
Ratio2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Average
Ratio
Gross Profit Margin 51.22% 48.29% 44.87% 47.60% 47.99% 48.00% 41.74% 40.81% 43.07% 41.49% 47.72% 42.96%
Net Profit Margin 7.93% 7.50% 9.53% 5.48% 5.94%
7.28% 22.00% 7.06% 6.65% 6.61% 7.47%
9.96%
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Financial Ratio Analysis
- Profitability Ratio Highlight
The profitability ratio measure the income or operatingcapabilities of a business. The ability of the firm to survive toa large extent is dependent on the amount of profit thatcould be obtained from the normal operation of thebusiness. Profits provide the means to give a return to theinvestors to ensure the providers of finance their return aswell.
Both companies have managed to earn gross profit ataverage of 40% rate. Spritzer has shown a betterperformance compare to Power Root in term of gross profit
margin earn on each year. However Power Root pictured astrong efficient of managing its total expenses by averagenet profit margin of 10% compared to Spritzer who onlymanage to earn an average of 7.3%. As such, Spritzer shouldcontrol and manage their overhead and other expenses togenerate better performance for the next financial year.
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Financial Ratio Analysis
- Profitability Ratio Highlight
ROA is used to measure the firms net income divided bytotal assets while ROE is used to measure the return thatshareholders earn on their equity invested in the firm.
Both of the companies have mixed fluctuation of ROI andROE whereby Power Root has a better position compared toSpritzer. By ROI average percentage of 8% and ROEaverage percentage of 13%, Power Root has advantage interm of the usage of the assets to generate revenue andshareholders benefit from the investment made comparedto Spritzer who recorded only 4% on ROA and 8% on ROE.
As such these ROA and ROE will give an impression to thepotential investors the viability of the project for thecompany they are willing to invest.
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2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Total Debt To Asset
Ratio28% 29% 43% 46% 45%
Long Term Debt To
Asset Ratio12% 15% 22% 22% 19%
Total Debt to Equity
Ratio28% 29% 43% 46% 45%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%50%
RATIO
FLR FOR
SPRITZER
FINANCIAL LEVERAGE RATIO (FLR)
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Total Debt To Asset
Ratio11% 13% 13% 16% 19%
Long Term Debt To
Asset Ratio7% 1% 1% 1% 1%
Total Debt to Equity
Ratio44% 48% 50% 59% 73%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
RATIO
FLR FOR
POWER
ROOT
FINANCIAL
LEVERAGE
RATIO
SPRITZER BHD
POWER ROOT BHD
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012Average
Ratio
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012Average
Ratio
Total Debt To Asset
Ratio28.5% 29.4% 42.7% 46.4% 44.8% 38.4% 10.9% 12.8% 13.4% 16.1% 18.8% 14.4%
Long Term Debt To
Asset Ratio12.3% 14.8% 21.6% 22.0% 18.5% 17.8% 7.0% 1.4% 1.4% 1.4% 1.5% 2.5%
Total Debt to Equity
Ratio
28.5% 29.4% 42.7% 46.4% 44.8% 38.4% 43.9% 48.1% 50.4% 59.3% 73.1% 55.0%32
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Financial Ratio Analysis
- Financial Leverage Ratio Highlight
The financial leverage ratio is used to assess the extent to which borrowedmoney or debt is used to finance assets. These ratios are also a good wayto assess the ability of the firm to meet its debt payment obligations.Ideally, any organization should have the ratio at the lower level as theycould so that they will have opportunity to get additional loan togenerate additional income for the organization. However having too lowof ratio of total debt to total asset also could be costly to a corporation
since interest expenses are deductable for income tax purposes.
Both companies have opposite result of the ratio. Power Root has a betterposition since the average ratio percentage for total debt to asset at 14%and long term debt to asset at 2% which are way below than 15%compared to Spritzer who has the average percentage at 38% and 18%respectively. Overall, although Power Root was in the better position butitsnot utilized its debt at optimum level whereby Spritzer has utilized thelevel of debt at manageable rate.
However in term of total debt to equity, Spritzer show a better position ataverage percentage of 38% whereby Power Root has just manage to putits position at average of 55%. This show that Spritzer has it own
advantage maybe just because of the biggest portion on its equity.33
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2008 2009 2010 2011 2012Account
Receivables
Turnover
5.34 2.93 3.15 3.23 3.72
Total Assets
Turnover1.17 0.62 0.63 0.59 0.66
Non Current Asset
Turnover0.97 0.96 0.86 0.95
PPE Turnover 2.01 1.05 1.01 0.88 0.97
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
RATIO
AMR FORSPRITZER
ASSET MANAGEMENT RATIO (AMR)
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012Account Receivables
Turnover5.56 2.29 2.80 2.92 2.80
Total Assets Turnover 1.47 0.59 0.68 0.83 0.96
Non Current Asset
Turnover1.89 1.83 2.11 2.53
PPE Turnover 5.86 2.05 1.96 2.25 2.81
-
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
RATIO
AMR FOR
POWER
ROOT
ASSET MANAGEMENT RATIO
SPRITZER BHD POWER ROOT BHD
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012Average
Ratio2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Average
Ratio
Account Receivables Turnover
5.34
2.93
3.15
3.23
3.72
3.67
5.56 2.29 2.80 2.92 2.80 3.27
Total Assets Turnover 1.17 0.62 0.63 0.59 0.66 0.73 1.47 0.59 0.68 0.83 0.96 0.91
Non Current Asset Turnover 0.97 0.96 0.86 0.95 0.94 1.89 1.83 2.11 2.53 2.09
PPE Turnover 2.01 1.05 1.01 0.88 0.97 1.18 5.86 2.05 1.96 2.25 2.81 2.99
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Financial Ratio Analysis
- Asset Management Ratio Highlight
Asset management ratios indicate the extent to which assets areused to support sales. These are sometimes referred to as activityor utilisation ratios, and each ratio in this category relates financialperformance on the income statements with items on the balancesheet. For these ratios, we have identified four types of ratios to beused that are account receivables turnover, total assets turnover,
non-current asset turnover and PPE turnover. The higher the ratios,the better they are. In simple words, the more efficiently assets areused, the higher a firmsprofit.
Spritzer shown a better account receivables turnover at averageof above 3 whereby Power Root just manage to reach at average
of 2.7. However looking from other perspective, Power Root hasshown a better performance in utilising non-current asset turnoverat average of 2.09 and PPE turnover at average of 2.27. This isdifferent with Spritzer who just manages to reach at average ofless than 1 for both. As a result, Power Root has a betterperformance on utilising its total assets turnover at average of 0.77compared to Spritzer who has an average of 0.63.
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2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Earnings Per Share 0.06 0.06 0.10 0.06 0.08
P/E RATIO 8.14 9.65 9.69 14.68 10.24
Earnings yields 0.12 0.10 0.10 0.07 0.10
Dividend yields 0.08 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.04
0.002.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
14.00
16.00
RATIO
MVR
FOR
SPRITZER
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Earnings Per Share 0.13 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.05
P/E RATIO 3.92 3.78 5.37 8.95 6.42
Earnings yields 0.26 0.26 0.19 0.11 0.16
Dividend yields 0.13 0.09 0.04 0.04 0.05
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
RATIO
MVR
FOR
POWER
ROOT
MARKET VALUE RATIO (MVR)
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Financial Ratio Analysis
- Market Value Ratio Highlight
Market value indicates the willingness of investors to value a firm inmarketplace relative to financial statement values. A firmsprofitability, risk, quality of management and many other factorsare reflected in its stock and security prices by the efficientfinancial markets. Financial statements are historical in nature, butthe financial market look to the future. Hence, market value ratios
indicate the market assessment of the value of the firm securities.
Spritzer has a better return for the earnings per share at average of0.07 sen compared to Power Root at average of 0.06 sen.However, Power Root has a better position of giving higherearnings yields at 0.20 sen and dividend yields at 0.07 sen
compared to Spritzer who has 0.10 sen and 0.05 sen respectively.
As a result, Power Root indicates a good reasonable priceearnings ratio with 5 times compared to Spritzer at assumption ofunrealistic 10 times of its current market value which supported bybuy back shares from market by Spritzer management.
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ALTMAN Z SCORE
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ALTMAN Z-SCORE
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ALTMAN Z-SCORE
2012 2011 2010 2009 2008
Total = Z Score 4.47 4.94 5.03 3.52 3.91
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
Z
SCORE
POWER ROOT Z Score
2012 2011 2010 2009 2008
Total = Z Score 1.75 1.63 1.88 2.18 2.04
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
Z
SCORE
SPRITZER Z Score
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Altman Z-Score Highlight
Spritzer has recorded below 1.8 score which shows
uncertainty for determining financial situation of thecompany for the year 2008 until 2010.
The score has fallen to worsen condition in the nextfinancial year with the score of 1.63 in year 2011 and
1.75 in year 2012.
This indicates that Spritzer has facing financial distress forthat particular year and it needed strategic direction tomove up to the sound positive financial health.
At the same time, Power Root had shown steadily soundfinancial health in its financial position for over the years.Overall, the Z-Score has shows that Power Root was in abetter financial position compared to Spritzer.
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CASH FLOW ANALYSIS
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QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
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SWOT ANALYSISSTRENGTH WEAKNESSES
Spritzer Power Root Spritzer Power Root
Established in 1980 Necessity products
Healthy drinks for hydrating
body liquid
Leaders in the industry
Introduction on new
products
Huge investment in PPE
Environmentally products
Quality products received
prestigious awards and
accolades such as Brand
Laureatte Award 2011/2012
Good collection of debt
Good return for earning per
share
Established in 1999
One of the leaders in energy
drinks in the industry
Must have own recipe to
penetrate the market
Strong R&D capability
Middle East market
Strong current ratio and
quick ratio
High profit margin (10%)
Efficient in utilising assets
Higher return on equity
Higher earnings and
dividend yields
Limited financial resources Pollution
Low current ratio and quick
ratio
Low profit margin (7.3%)
Supplement products Diabetic and health
problems causal because of
sugar consumption usage
OPPORTUNITY THREATS
Spritzer Power Root Spritzer Power Root
Diversification
Export market
Huge local consumption due
to weather condition
Festive season and school
holidays Market value assessment
Diversification
Export market
Low financial leverage ratio
for obtaining additional
loans in the future
Emerging competitors such
as Dasani (coca cola group),
Blew, Evian, Perrier etc
Easy to enter the market
Additional of water drinking
such as reverse osmosisproducer
Strong competitors such as
Livita, Red Bull, 100 plus
Higher raw material cost
such as sugar and other
substance
Niche market for selectiveconsumer
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MARKET/ANALYST EXPECTATION
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MARKET/ANALYST HIGHLIGHT
Market value for Spritzer was in increase trend from2008 until 2013 whereby the best market value was inthe year of 2013 sold at RM1.80 per share.
Power Root on the other hand had shown afluctuate position whereby the best position of themarket share positioned almost RM 2.40 per share in
the middle of 2013.
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CONCLUSION
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THANK YOU