Final Transportation

7/31/2019 Final Transportation

1/32

Transportation

Presented by: Praveenkumar Bodduna #07

Siddhesh Chavan #12

Pradnya Salve #41

Pragati Uparkar #53


2/32

Transportation

It is defined as a means through which goods are transferred

from one place to another.

It is fundamentally an important function and has the most

visible cost, hence there is a lot of importance given to

transportation.


3/32

Makes available raw materials to manufacturers or producers

Makes available goods to customers

Enhances standard of living

Helps during emergencies and natural calamities

Helps in creation of employment

Helps in labour mobility

Helps in bringing nations together

Importance of Transportation


4/32

Participants in Transportation

Public

Government

Shipper (sender) Carrier Consignee


5/32

Decision Factors

The three main factors:

Cost

Speed

Consistency


6/32

Modes of Transportation

Land Transport

Road

Rail

Pipeline

Ropeway

Air Transport

Water Transport

Intermodal Transport


7/32

Road

The most popular mode of transport.

Good flexibility to provide door to door delivery.

Perishable goods can be transported at a faster speed by roadcarriers over a short distance.

It is a flexible mode of transport as loading and unloading is

possible at any destination.


8/32

Road

Advantages

Lower costs

Accessibility/Flexible

Fast

Small, frequent shipments

Disadvantages

Speed

Capacity

Range

Dangerous


9/32

Mostly for high value & low volume goods from distant

supplier.

It is also suitable for emergency items to be delivered for some

specific requirements.

It is the costliest.

Used for small volumes.

Air


10/32

Premium transportation

Advantages

Speed delivery

Reliable

Limited losses

Range

Disadvantages

Price

Non-direct points

Add-on charges

Necessary?

Air


11/32

Rail

The most economical and safe mode. It is good for long distance transport.

It is suitable for carrying heavy goods in large quantities over long

distances.

Its operation is less affected by adverse weathers conditions like rain,floods, fog, etc.

Rail


12/32

Rail

Advantages

Lowest overall cost per unit weight

Consistent time schedule

Large loading capacity

Speed

Weather

Disadvantages

Inflexibility

Potential damage of goods Ineffective with small shipments

Rail


13/32

Suitable for heavy and bulky goods and suitable for products with long leadtimes.

It is a safe mode of transport with respect to occurrence of accidents.

The cost of maintaining and constructing routes is very low as most of themare naturally made.

Water


14/32

There are mainly two types of water transport

Inland water transportIt uses boats, launches, barges, streamers etc to carry goods and passengers on

river and canal route.

Ocean Transport

It refers to movement of goods and passengers with the help of ships through sea

or ocean waterways. It plays an important role in the development of internationaltrade.

i. Coastal Shipping

ii. Overseas Shipping

Water


15/32

Advantages

Large volumes

Cheap

No restriction on loading capacity

Long distances

Disadvantages

Slower than air travel

Transshipment at port

Not flexible

Limited access

Water


16/32

Ships have to wait long for berthing

Manual handling and poor labour productivity

Old type of equipment

Night navigation unavailable

Poor availability of railway wagons and road trucks

Insufficient warehousing

Tardy procedure

Some constraints to water transport


17/32

ModesCriteria

Road Rail Sea Air

Relative Speed Moderate Moderate Slow Very High

Reliability Good Good Limited Very Good

Cost per ton/km Medium Low/Medium Low/Very low High

Flexibility High Low Low Medium

Measures of different Modes

Table


18/32

Transport of homogeneous materials

The transportation of goods through a pipe.

Liquids and gases are sent.

Pipeline


19/32

Advantages

Lower transportation costs than other modes

Disadvantages

Higher initial costs

Unable to transport a variety of materials

Pipeline


20/32

Ropeway refers to a mode of transport, which connects two places on thehills, or across a valley or river

In the hilly areas, trolleys move on wheels

connected to a rope and are used for carrying

passengers or goods, especially building

materials, food, etc

The famous Uran Khatola Jagdamba in Gujarat

that carries pilgrims to the temple is an exampleof ropeway transport, which carries more than

100 passengers at a time.

Ropeway


21/32

Ropeway

Advantages

No grade restrictions Ideal for severe weather conditions (no guideway heating needed)

Lower life cycle costs

High level of safety (no collision possibility)

Simpler control system

Disadvantages Distance

Speed Alignment (Curvature)

Expansion

Operation


22/32

The movements of passengers or freight from one mode of transport to

another, commonly taking place at a terminal specifically designed for such

a purpose

Use of various transportation modes

Containers

More popular due to globalization

Intermodal


23/32

Cost

Environmental

Flexibility

Security

Benefits of Intermodal Transportation


24/32

Faster

Better

Smarter

More Profitable

Intermodal Transport In Future


25/32

Containerization

Containerization is an important element of the logistics revolution that

changed freight handling on ships, railways and trucks in the 20th century.

Containers are built to standardized dimensions, and can be loaded

and unloaded, stacked, transported efficiently over long distances, and

transferred from one mode of transport to anothercontainer ships, rail

and semi-trailer truckswithout being opened.

20ft40 ft


26/32

Transport Mode

Inventory Costs

Transit Capital

Obsolescence

Packaging

Transportation Cost Elements

Insurance

Breakages

Pilferage

Deterioration

Transport Costs


27/32

Cost Ratio

Transportation29.40%

Management11%

Ordering5.50%

Inventory17.40%

Warehousing17.00%

Packaging11.90%

Movement7.8%

Cost Ratio


28/32

Transportation Patterns

Fig. The transport pattern oftraditional business

Fig. The transport pattern ofe-commerce


29/32

Each mode of transportation has its own strengths and weaknesses

The effectiveness of each mode depends on several factors includingdistance, price, and timeliness

Services exist to help choose the best modes of transportation

Summary


30/32

The key concepts in todays world economy derive their existence becauseof the physical and electronic linkages developed by the technology

It constitutes the basic linkage between the supply and demand centres

Peaks and troughs in the demand of transportation.

Cont..

Conclusion


31/32

Public nature of transport infrastructure

Relationship between the nature of the individual commodities and the

modes of transportation preferred by the commodity

Modes of transportation used for bulk freight traffic

Over years inland freight traffic has been shifting from rail to road

Conclusion


32/32

Thank You

Final Transportation

Documents

Transcript of Final Transportation