Final Research Ch # 7

8/10/2019 Final Research Ch # 7

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Chapter # 7


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LEARNING OBJECTIVESUnderstand...

The purpose and process of exploratory research.

The two types and three levels of management

decision-related secondary sources.

The five types of external information and the factors

for evaluating the value of a source and its content.


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LEARNING OBJECTIVESUnderstand . . .

The process of using exploratory research to

understand the management dilemma and work

through the stages of analysis necessary to formulatethe research question (and, ultimately, investigative

questions and measurement questions).

What is involved in internal data mining and how

internal data-mining techniques differ from literature

searches.


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Objectives of Secondary Searches Expand understanding of management dilemma.

Gather background information.

Identify information that should be gathered.

Identify sources for and actual questions that might beused.

Identify sources for and actual sample frames thatmight be used.


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Integration of Secondary Data


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Conducting a Literature SearchDefine management dilemma

Consult books for relevant terms

Use terms to search

Locate/review secondary sources

Evaluate value of each source

and content


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Whiteboard technology makes the discussion of

symptoms relevant to the management-research

question hierarchy easier


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LEVELS OF INFORMATIONPrimary

Sources:

Memos

Letters

Interviews

Speeches

Laws

Internal records

Secondary

Sources:

Encyclopedias

Textbooks

Handbooks

Magazines

Newspapers

Newscasts

Tertiary

Sources:

Indexes

Bibliographies

Internet

search engines


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Integrating Secondary Data


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INFORMATION SOURCES

Encyclopedias

Directories

Handbooks

Types

Indexes/

Bibliographies

Dictionaries


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Index:

is a secondary data source that helps to identify and locate a single book,journal article, author, etc. from a larger set.

Bibliography:

is an information source that helps locate a single book, article, photograph,etc.

Dictionaries:are secondary sources that define words, terms, and jargon.

Encyclopedias:

are secondary sources that provide background or historical informationabout a topic.

Handbook:

is a secondary source used to identify key terms, people, or events relevantto the management dilemma or management question.

Directories:

are reference sources used to identify contact information.


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Evaluating Information Sources

Authority

Format

Audience

Evaluation

Factors

Purpose

Scope


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BILAL SHAMEEM


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Advanced Searching Process


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Review of Advanced Search Options


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The Evolution of Data MiningEvolutionary Step Investigative Question Enabling Technologies Characteristics

Data collection (1960s) What was my average

total revenue over the last

five years?

Computers, tapes, disks Retrospective, static data

delivery

Data access (1980s) What were unit sales in

California lastDecember?

Relational databases

(RDBMS), structuredquery language (SQL),

ODBC

Retrospective, dynamic

data delivery at recordlevel

Data navigation (1990s) What were unit sales in

California last December?

Drill down to

Sacramento.

Online analytic

processing (OLAP),

multidimensional

databases, datawarehouses

Retrospective, dynamic

data delivery at multiple

levels

Data mining (2000) Whats likely to happen

to Sacramento unit sales

next month? Why?

Advanced algorithms,

multiprocessor

computers, massive

databases

Prospective, proactive

information delivery


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Data Mining in Business

Early use of data mining was still being driven by our search for understanding of

customers, as noted by the emphasis on marketing (green bars) use of data

mining. Business also does a lot of data mining in search of greater profitability

(financial analysis=yellow bar). Operations use was growing (gold bars).Notably absent was Human Resources use of data mining.


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HASHAM NAZIR


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Data-Mining Process


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The Business Research Process


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Clarifying the Research

Question

A useful way to approach the research process is to state the basic dilemma that

prompts the research and then try to develop other questions by progressively

breaking down the original question into more specific ones. This process can

be thought of as the management-research question hierarchy.


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Management-Research Question

Hierarchy


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Formulating the Research Question


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Types of Management Questions


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The Research Question

Determine

necessary

evidence

Set

scope of study

Examine

variables

Break

questions

down

Evaluate

hypotheses

Fine-Tuning


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Gantt Chart

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MindWriterProject Plan

A Gantt chart is a common

project planning tool that

reveals summary tasks,benchmarking milestones,

and detailed tasks against a

time frame for the overall

project.

Tasks may be color codedto indicate a particular

team members

responsibilities. Many

project-management

software packages include

Gantt charting.


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Searching Databases vs. the Web


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Key Terms Bibliography Bibliographic Database

Data Mart

Data Mining

Data Visualization

Data Warehouse Dictionary

Directory

Encyclopedia

Expert interview

Exploratory research

Handbook

Index

Individual depth interview

Investigative questions Literature search

Management question

Measurement question

Custom-designed

Predesigned Primary sources

Research questions

Secondary sources

Source evaluation

Purpose Scope

Authority

Audience

Format

Tertiary sources


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Final Research Ch # 7

Documents

Transcript of Final Research Ch # 7