FACTORS INFLUENCING MOTIVATION OF GARMENTS WORKER AND GUIDELINES TO IMPROVE WORKERS MOTIVATION ON WORK

A thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree ofB. Sc. Engineering

InIndustrial and Production Engineering

By

Md. Idris Ali Roll No. 075017Mohammad Azizur Rahman Roll No. 075018

DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL AND PRODUCTION ENGINEERING

RAJSHAHI UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (RUET), BANGLADESH

SEPTEMBER, 2012

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“Heaven’s Light is Our Guide”RAJSHAHI UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the study entitled “Factors Influencing Motivation of Garments Worker and Guidelines to Improve Workers Motivation on Work” is carried out by the following students under my supervision in the department of Industrial and Production Engineering of Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology.

Supervisor Signature of the students

………………………. ……………………………Khan Md. Ariful Haque Md. Idris AliAssistant professor Roll No. 075017Department of Industrial andProduction EngineeringRajshahi University of Engineering andTechnology. Rajshahi-6204. …………………………… Mohammad Azizur Rahman Roll No. 075018Countersigned

………………………..Dr. Md. Mosharraf HossainAssociate professor and HeadDepartment of Industrial & Production EngineeringRajshahi University of Engineering &TechnologyRajshahi-6204, Bangladesh

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Candidate’s Declaration

It can be declared that the Thesis presented here is an outcome of the investigation and hardworking carried out by the authors under the supervision of Khan Md. Ariful Haque, Assistant professor, Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering &Technology

This Thesis is not submitted elsewhere for the award of any degree or diploma or publication.

Department of Industrial & Production EngineeringRajshahi University of Engineering and Technology

Rajshahi-6204, Bangladesh

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Signature of the students

………………………………Md.Idris Ali Roll No. 075017

…………………………

Mohammad Azizur Rahman Roll No. 075018

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

At first the authors would like to bow to Almighty ALLAH for his blessing and kindness, without intention of Almighty it was never possible to complete the work.

The authors would like to express their sincere appreciation and deep gratitude to their supervisor, Assistant Professor Khan Md. Ariful Haque, Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology (RUET) and for his continuous guidance, invaluable suggestions and affectionate encouragement at all stage of this study. Without his valuable direction and cordial assistance, this research work could never be materialized.

The authors are indebted to Ripon Kumar Chakrabortty, lecture Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology (RUET) for his keen interest on the research topic and technical advice.

The authors are also grateful to other teachers of Department Industrial and Production Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology (RUET) for their valuable suggestions extending facilitation and inspiration from time to time.

In addition to that we are truly indebted to Comfit Composite Knit Limited, Standard Group and Ecomax Limited, who provided us useful information accomplice to our research work.

We are grateful to the authors of different articles mentioned in the reference which proved to be very helpful throughout the whole thesis work. Every reference inserted in the text of this paper is intended as an inherent acknowledgement of assistance rendered by the author, book, publisher or organizations of materials developed by authors, whether published or unpublished. Finally the authors convey their thanks to their friends for peaceful co-operation extended to them.

Rajshahi.Authors

September, 2012

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ABSTRACT

Motivation seems to be one of the most important tools of Human Resource Management. Organizations design motivation systems to encourage employees to perform in the most effective way but also to attract potential candidates. The key to create the efficient motivation system is an answer to the question what really motivate employees. The purpose of this paper is to find which motivation factors are seen as the most important by workers. The aim is to analyze findings in the light of existing motivation theories. This paper combined with the results of the research can be useful for managers who deal with the workers. The research was based on the questionnaire distributed to the sample of 20 respondents from Comfit composite Knit Limited, 15 participants from Standard Group, 15 participants from Ecomax Limited. The distribution of ranks was similar in both industries. The findings indicated that salary & payments is the most important factors for all workers. In this paper authors considered five motivational factors which were salary & payments, working condition, environmental condition, reward & bonus, safety. The results suggest that workers are motivated by those factors. For motivating the workers this five factor are mostly important.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTERS CONTENTS . PAGE NO.

CHAPTER 1

Introduction

(1.0) Introduction(1.1) Problem statement(1.2) Structure of paper(1.3) Objectives of the thesis(1.4) Limitation(1.5) Selected company

123334

CHAPTER 2

LiteratureReview

(2.0) Literature review(2.1) Motivation defined(2.2) Sources of motivation(2.3) Research design(2.4) Organizational effectiveness

55777

CHAPTER 3

Theoretical Background(3.0) Theoretical Framework(3.1) Key Concepts And Theories(3.2) Motivation Theories3.2.1 Content Theories3.2.2 Process Theories

889913

CHAPTER 4

Research Methodology

(4.0) Methodology Of Research(4.1) Research Instrument(4.2) Data Analysis(4.3) Procedure(4.4) Chi-Square Distribution4.4.1 Definition4.4.3 Characteristics

16171718181819

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CHAPTERS CONTENTS PAGE NO.

CHAPTER 5

Calculation

(5.0) Calculation(5.1) Chi Square Tests

5.1.1 Test For Independence 1 5.1.2 Sample Calculation 5.1.3 Solution 5.1.4 Test For Independence 2 5.1.5 Solution (5.2) Demographic Data 5.2.1 Number Of Workers At Different Department 5.2.2 Age Of The Workers 5.2.3 Marital Status 5.2.4 Gender 5.2.5 Number Of Years At Present Job (5.3) Weiman Occupational Stress Scale 5.3.1 Total Score For Five Factors 5.3.2 Ranking Of Factors

212121222323242424

242424252525262628

CHAPTER 6

Result Analysis And

Recommendation

(6.1) Result Analysis 6.1.1 Result Analysis For Segment 5.1.2 6.1.2 Result Analysis For Segment 5.1.4 6.1.3 Result Analysis For Segment 5.3.2 6.1.4 Analysis Of Empirical Findings 6.1.5 Comparison Of The Ranking Of Primary Factors 6.2 Recommendation 6.3 Conclusion

2929292931

31

3335

References 36

Appendix 38

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LIST OF TABLES

SL: NO: PARTICULARS PAGE NO:

4.4.1

5.1.1

5.1.2

5.1.3

5.1.4

5.2.1

5.2.2

5.2.3

5.2.4

5.2.5

5.3.1

5.3.2

Characteristics Of Chi Square Distribution

3×5 Contingency Table For Observed Frequency Of The Factors In The Garments

Observed And Expected Frequency Of The Factors For Observed Frequency Of Factors Respective To Different Departments

For Observed And Expected Frequency Of Factors Respective To Different Departments

Number Of Workers At Different Department

Age Of The Workers

Marital Status

Gender

Number Of Years At Present Job

Total Score For Five Factors

Ranking Of Factors

20

21

22

23

23

24

24

25

25

25

26

28

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LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE .NO. INDEX PAGE NO.3.1 Maslow’s hierarchy of needs 10

3.2.1 Herzberg’s theory – factors affecting job attitudes

13

3.2.2 The Equity Theory diagram 15

4.0.1 Stages in the research process

16

4.4.1 Probability density function (pdf) of chi square distribution

19

4.4.2 Cumulative distribution (cdf) function of chi square distribution

20

6.1.1 Major five factors (from table 5.3.2)

30

6.1.2 Motivating factor (from table 5.3.2)

30

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