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Transcript of Final ovariancystsgroup7
Disorders in Female Reproductive Anatomy
Ovarian Cysts
Armando MadrigalBrooke PetrekMaribel ZavalaJinelle Abugan
Todd ProutYesenia Vielma
Background
• Ovarian cysts affect women of all ages, but they occur more often during a women’s childbearing years.
• Average age in the U.S is 25.
• Most ovarian cysts are useful in nature and harmless (benign).
Organs Involved: Ovary• The ovaries are a pair of glands on either
side of the uterus. They are about 2 cm in length and 1 cm in width.
• Primary reproductive organ
Ovary
• The gonads of the female
• Serves two essential functions in female reproduction:
1) Development of the female gametes (eggs)
2) The synthesis and release of steroid hormones
Introduction
• An abnormal growth of ovarian follicular tissue.
• Two major kinds of ovarian cysts.
1) Cystic follicles – large fluid-filled sacs formed from unovulated follicles
2) Luteinized cysts – solid masses filled with luteal cells
-Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs or pockets within or on the surface of an ovary.
-Women commonly develop cysts of different types and sizes.
-Most ovarian cysts present little or no discomfort and are harmless.
What Is An Ovarian Cyst?
How Are They Detected?
- A simple cyst is very common and often detected on routine pelvic or ultrasound exam.
- More complex cysts need further evaluation in order for doctors to learn more about the cysts and their management based on their:○ Size, structure, timing with
regard to period and to menopause.
What Causes An Ovarian Cyst?
- During menstrual cycle - Ovulation occurs- Before egg is released, a
small cyst forms on the ovary- Egg goes to uterus to be
fertilized- Cyst disappears
Causes
-Luteinized cysts and Cystic follicles often vanish spontaneously
- However, can persist and secrete abnormal steroid hormone amounts
Causes
Possible risk factors for developing ovarian cysts:
- Irregular menstrual cycles- Infertility- History of previous ovarian cysts- Hormonal fluctuation- Women in “childbearing” years
Treatments• Treatments vary with age,
type of symptoms, and size of cyst.
• Doctors will first recommend to wait and be re-examined to see if the cyst goes away on its own.
Treatment• Doctors will also prescribe
birth control pills to alleviate the pain of ovarian cysts.
• The pills prevent ovulation and gives a lower chance of new cysts to form.
Treatment• If cyst does not go away,
or it continues to grow, doctors will advise to get surgery.
• Laparoscapy
– Works for smaller cysts
• Laparotomy
– Used with larger cysts
Are Ovarian Cysts Cancerous?
• Two major kinds of ovarian cysts: cystic follicles and luteinized cysts
• Luteinized cysts are benign tumors (non cancerous)
• If cells are unable to control their multiplication then the cyst is cancer.
• Metastasis: Some cancer cells can remain in place, if they move through the blood or lymphatic system, cancer can appear in other parts of the body, which can be fatal.
• The majority of ovarian cancers are caused by abnormal epithelial cells in the surface of the ovary.
• DNA must be replicated before every cell division• Copying errors can result in mutations.
Preventions● Ovarian cyst cannot be prevented while ovulating.
There is always chance of acquiring ovarian cyst while still ovulating.
● Just because there is no preventing it doesnt mean you cant lower your chances.
● Stated earlier Birth Control prevents ovulation decreasing you chances of getting a cyst, other ways to decrease chances are; pregnancy and breast feeding in the first six months because they pause ovulation and decrease chances of a cyst occurring.
Is it Hereditary or Genetic?● The answer is both. ● Most women in their lifetime get an ovarian cyst.
Hereditary Genetic
● Family History- If your mother or grandmother had an ovarian cyst or ovarian cancer you have a higher risk of developing one.
● There are genetic mutations that can cause a higher risk of development for an ovarian cyst.
● For example: Basal cell nevus syndrome is a genetic mutation that affects the skin, endocrine system, nervous system, eyes, and bone. This genetic mutation causes higher risk of ovarian cyst.