Final Lecture. Sacraments

8/7/2019 Final Lecture. Sacraments

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A conviction that everything is capable of embodying &

communicating the divine

That realities has mysterious dimension in so far as it

is embodied with hidden presence of God

The mystery of Gods hidden presence is adhered


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Are sensible signs instituted by

Christ to give grace


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Are experienced by our senses

A. Performed word events

Sacraments are based on Christministry-words & deeds

B. As symbolic action they have concrete

ANTHROPOLOGICAL basisPersons are embodied spirits who live & act with others in

community in & through our bodies

Spiritual realities like love & freedom touch us through

the material condition of our lives

(As a sensible signs)


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Communicates through our senses

TOUCHTOUCHAnointing of the sick

Imposition of hands

WashingEmbracing

GESTURESGESTURES

WORDSWORDS

Standing

Bowing

Sitting

kneeling

Proclaimed

Listened to

Spoken


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Are instituted by Christ

The link between Christ & the sacrament

Christ instituted the sacrament by first

being the sacrament of his Father through

his whole life of word & action & establishing

the Church to be his basic sacrament

How?

1. Church makes Christ present to all person by being his body

2. By celebrating those actions that continue Christ own ministry


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Are instituted by Christ

They are actions of Christ

Christ is the PRIMODIAL sacrament

he is not just the originator but also their

primary agent (Christ himself baptizes,

confirm, etc it is Christ who effectively acts

through his ministers)

he is the fullest expression or goal of the

sacrament


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Are to give GRACE

Grace is a thing automatically conferred

It is not a quantifiable thing

Grace refers to Gods PERSONAL

PRESENCE within us

The effect of the sacraments is to draw us

closer to the Church & CHRIST himself

Conscious & active celebrations of the

sacraments gradually shaped us toward Christ-

likeness


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9

THE SACRAMENTS OFTHE CHURCH

Lesson 1:Lesson 1: Sacraments in GeneralSacraments in General

Lesson 2:Lesson 2: Sacraments of InitiationSacraments of Initiation

Lesson 3:Lesson 3: Sacraments of HealingSacraments of Healing

Lesson 4:Lesson 4: Sacraments at the Service ofSacraments at the Service ofCommunionCommunion


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Why the need for sacraments?

Ahhhhm

mmm!!??

HHHHm

mmmm??

No

idea??

?

Let me search hmmm I

think Bishop Bacani has an

apt article about that?

Really?

What article?

Love Made Visible by Bishop

Teodoro C. Bacani, Jr. D.D.Lets see and

hear that


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Love Made Visible

by: Bishop Bacani

The persons need for felt love Very basic to the person is his need

to be loved. This love though has tobe known and felt. Knowing that you

are loved is never enough; you haveto really feel and be aware of it.

Thus, the lover has to express thislove to his beloved in concrete andtangible signs (words, glance, touch,gift, embraces etc.).

Just some of

the points he

mentioned:


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Love Made Visible

by: Bishop Bacani

What is a sign? Can be perceived by one or more

senses.

Carries a message and points to

something beyond itself Signs differ in power. There is sign

that merely indicates or signifies.Other does more than merelyindicate; it communicates and

transmits. TV ad vs. smile

Signage vs. kiss

Just some of

the points he

mentioned:

It is the latter meaning that

the sacrament is all about.


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Love Made Visible

by: Bishop Bacani

Gods love is made visible and

communicated in Christ

As sacrament of God, Jesus did not

simply show that God was present in

our midst. He gave us Gods presence. Thus, contact with Christ was a saving

act. The words and action of Jesus was

a sign that did not only signify but

communicate the love. (See. Mt. 8:1-3)

But not all kinds of contact; only contactthrough faith that brought salvation.

(See Mk. 5:25ff)

Just some of

the points he

mentioned:

Problem: How can people today still come into

saving contact with Jesus whos not anymore

in our midst?


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Love Made Visible

by: Bishop Bacani

Christs love made visible and

communicated through the Church

Just as Christ is the sacrament of God,

so too the Church is the universal

sacrament of salvation. She is thesacrament of Jesus.

Church prolongs Christs saving action

especially in the celebration of the seven

sacraments.

As actions of Christ through the Church,the sacraments communicate the grace

they signify, if received with proper

dispositions. (received with and in

FAITH). Thus, sacraments are signs of

faith.

Just some of

the points he

mentioned:


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Love Made Visible

by: Bishop Bacani

As sacraments are actions of the

Spirit-filled Church, they sanctify

men (downward movement).

Sacraments are also acts ofworship (upward movement)

Sacraments form the Christian

community (horizontal

movement)

Just some of

the points he

mentioned:

COMMUNITYCOMMUNITY

GODGOD

P.S. In this life, we are the love made visible. As created in Gods image

and bearers of Christ, we dont only signify Jesus, nor lead others to Him. We

communicate Jesus and make Him present always.


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Lesson 1:

Sacraments in General As embodied spirits, human beings

live in a vast network of signs andsymbols created by and used forthemselves. This we cannot ignore

and deny. Sign simply signifies and points to

another reality

Symbol sign with more than onedimension, more than one meaning

The person is animal symbolicum.Symbolic activity is human activity parexcellence. Being is of itself symbolic, because it

necessarily expresses itself.(KarlRahner)


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Sacraments, like mass, was seen as a sort

of sacred drama where Christians tended

to watch like an audience in theaters.

Lesson 1:

Sacraments in General For Rahner, any self-expression is

self-giving of oneself to the other.It is always towards dialoguetowards communion with the

other(s) that manifests most fullytoward the Other (God).

The seven (7) sacraments of theChurch belong to such symbolicactivity with the Other.

Middle

Ages

Vatican

II

Christians are no watchers, only doers.

Active participants who celebrate the

sacraments with the entire community.


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Lesson 1:

Sacraments in General All religions of the world make use of

sacraments (rituals), but onlyChristians call them sacraments.How?

From Greek mysterion to Latinsacramentum

Ancient Greeks (even before Jesus)referred to every experience of the divineas mysterion. Even Hebrew and NewTestament Scriptures attested to this.

In late 2nd century, Tertullian of Carthage,sought a word to translate this mysterion tohis Latin audience. He chose Latinsacramentum a Roman military term forsacred oath professed by recruits as theyentered the army.


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Lesson 1:

Sacraments in General St. Augustine of Hippo then broaden the

term sacramentum to include any sacredsign. In all, he listed 304 sacraments(Lords Prayer, sign of the cross, holy water,

etc.) Afterwards, the Church made distinction

between sacraments and sacramentals.

Of the 7 sacraments, baptism and Eucharistwere generally accepted as directly coming

from Jesus (dominical sacraments).Others have long history and process ofdevelopment. The Church had lived and experienced

sacraments before defining them just as any

human activity for that matter. (e.g. blogs)


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Lesson 1:

Sacraments in General The advent of Vatican II saw renewal

in the understanding of Catholicsacraments: Karl Rahner, a German Jesuit, referred to

Church as the fundamental sacrament Edward Schillebeeckx, a Belgian

Dominican, showed Christ as theprimordial sacrament

It was the timing of their work that wasattractive: (a breath of fresh air) Then, Catholics view on sacraments was

so rigid. Grace was something you gain orget, just like almost a slot machine. Forthe two, grace is qualitative like the qualityof friendship thats growing anddeveloping. Quality over quantity.


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Lesson 2:

Sacraments of Initiation

Filipinos regard baptism as a popular

event that one fails to miss. Credit that

to religious and cultural values of

Filipinos. However, it often tends to

become merely a social event devoid ofany religious character.

It has been reduced to mere registration into

the Church coupled with the emphasis on

numerous ninongs and ninangs.

How can this be remedied then?

A short account of its historical foundation

can surely help; at least to help us get back

the original intention and spirit of having it

celebrated in the first place.

Are you not aware that weAre you not aware that we

who were baptized into Christwho were baptized into Christ

were baptized into his death.were baptized into his death.Through baptism into death;Through baptism into death;

we were buried with him, sowe were buried with him, so

that just as Christ was raisedthat just as Christ was raised

from the dead by the glory offrom the dead by the glory of

the Father, we too might live athe Father, we too might live a

new life. (Rom. 6:3new life. (Rom. 6:3--4)4)

BAPTISMBAPTISM


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Lesson 2:


Initiation in the early Church (1st three

centuries):

Setting: persecution of Christians, thus, the

rite was so elaborate, detailed and lengthy to

vouch for the aspirants sincerity and faith.

BAPTISMBAPTISM









40-DAY RETREAT

BAPTISM AT

EASTER VIGIL

ANOINTING

OF OIL

CATECHUMENATE

FIRST

COMMUNION

INTEGRATIONINTEGRATION

of sacramentsof sacramentsof initiationof initiation


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Lesson 2:

Sacraments of Initiation Breakup of the Initiation sacraments in

the Latin Church: Setting: The conversion of Constantine and

the grant to Christianity as official religionof the Empire. Being a Christian soonbecame fashionable trend and in-thing.

Effect: shortening of the Rite andpostponing confirmation and reception ofcommunion at the later age.

Theological development of Original Sin:

Baptism of infants had become necessary. Vatican II rediscovered its lost history

and significance: Readapted the process of catechumens or

adult baptism with the document, Rite ofChristian Initiation of Adults (RCIA).

BAPTISMBAPTISM









Baptism of desire


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Lesson 2:

Sacraments of Initiation The distinct nature of confirmation is on

its emphasis on the role of the HolySpirit. The best way to understand thesacrament is to understand who the

Holy Spirit is. Old Testament: Spirit of God/Yahweh

(from Hebrew ruah wind, breath, spirit).Often associated with themes of creationand re-creation. It is a life-giving Spirit.

Christian life is a life in the Spirit. The Spirit

does not only come in Confirmation for thefirst time. Life in Spirit is growing andmaturing in a person as he matures in faith,

All who are led by the SpiritAll who are led by the Spirit

of God are children of God.of God are children of God.

(Rom. 8:14)(Rom. 8:14)

The fruit of the spirit isThe fruit of the spirit is

love, joy, peace, patience,love, joy, peace, patience,

endurance, kindness,endurance, kindness,

generosity, faith, mildnessgenerosity, faith, mildnessand charity. (Gal. 5:22)and charity. (Gal. 5:22)

CONFIRMATIONCONFIRMATION

Irony: Confirmation to many signals the end of

involvement in Church as it should have been a

sacrament of initiation. Christian Mark

Homework


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Lesson 2:

Sacraments of Initiation The Last Supper:

Jesus arrival in Jerusalem as one of thethousands of Jews on pilgrimage for thePassover feast.

As his death nears, Jesus invited His apostlesto share a meal. Luke, Matthew and Markdescribe it as the passover meal, the seder the meal celebrating the Jewish exodusfrom slavery in Egypt.

In the midst of the meal, Jesus changed itsmeaning. The bread was no longer the breadof the exodus, but Jesus said, This is mybody and the wine, This is my blood.

ForJohns Gospel, theres no mention ofthese details. Instead, it was associated withJesus washing the feet of his apostles.

More than ritual, it is a way of humble service

Taking bread and givingTaking bread and giving

thanks, he broke it and gave itthanks, he broke it and gave it

to them, saying, This is myto them, saying, This is my

body to be given for you. Dobody to be given for you. Do

this as a remembrance of me.this as a remembrance of me.

(Luke 22:19)(Luke 22:19)

EUCHARISTEUCHARIST


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Lesson 2:


The Real Presence of Christ in Eucharist:

This doctrines basis is in the words of institution,

This is my body This is my blood.

Proofs:

1. Concomitant circumstances of both thehearers and Institutor.

2. Refutation of the figurative meaning

suggested by the copula est (is) with the

application of the four criteria.

Nature of the case

Usages of common parlance

Convention previously agreed upon

Abstract logical analysis

St. Thomas used the term transubstantiation

substance changes while accidents remain.


thanks, he broke it and gavethanks, he broke it and gave

it to them, saying, This is myit to them, saying, This is my


this as a remembrance ofthis as a remembrance of

me. (Luke 22:19)me. (Luke 22:19)

EUCHARISTEUCHARIST


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Lesson 2:


The Mass as a Meal:

One of the most striking things about Jesus in

the gospels is his love for meals.

To share a meal was a sign of friendship

and hospitality. More than just to fill onesstomach, it was a way to teach about the love

of God.

Jesus meal fellowship vis--vis mass:

Sign of community

Sinners are invited to participate Sign of future heavenly banquet

A challenge to make present Gods kingdom

now


thanks, he broke it and gave itthanks, he broke it and gave it

to them, saying, This is myto them, saying, This is my


this as a remembrance of me.this as a remembrance of me.

(Luke 22:19)(Luke 22:19)

EUCHARISTEUCHARIST


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Lesson 3:

Sacraments of Healing

John Paul II quotes Pius XII: TheThe

sin of the century is the loss ofsin of the century is the loss of

the sense of sinthe sense of sin.

Todays generation finds difficultydistinguishing temptation from the

actual commission of sin

On the evening of the first dayOn the evening of the first day

of the week, even though theof the week, even though the

disciples had locked the doordisciples had locked the doorof the place where they wereof the place where they were

for fear of the Jews, Jesusfor fear of the Jews, Jesus

came and stood before them.came and stood before them.

Peace be with you, he said.Peace be with you, he said.

PENANCEPENANCE

Potato story

The FROG can help usunderstand more the

dynamics of sin. Hope it

can help us around.


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Lesson 3:


Heart of the sacrament is

Forgiveness coupled with

Conversion (metanoia)

History of the Sacrament:

On the evening of the first dayOn the evening of the first day

of the week, even though theof the week, even though the

disciples had locked the doordisciples had locked the doorof the place where they wereof the place where they were

for fear of the Jews, Jesusfor fear of the Jews, Jesus

came and stood before them.came and stood before them.

Peace be with you, he said.Peace be with you, he said.

PENANCEPENANCE

SERIOUS

OFFENDERS

3RD CENTURY

IRELAND

CUSTOM

ONLY BAPTISM

VATICAN II

RENEWAL

Jesus waits


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Lesson 3:


Central to Jesus ministry is his healing

power. His life is life-giving and healing.

The Sacrament in the early Church:

The actual use and meaning of the oil and

anointing varied somewhat.

Spiritual or physical healing (as sacrament

of the sick)

Preparation for death (as sacrament of the

dying)

For Vatican II:

While it may still be received by the dying

(with reconciliation and communion), it is

ideal for its ancient practice, as sacrament of

the sick.

A leper approached him withA leper approached him with

a request: If you will to do so,a request: If you will to do so,

you can cure me. Moved withyou can cure me. Moved with

pity, Jesus stretched out hispity, Jesus stretched out his

hand, touched him and said, Ihand, touched him and said, I

do will it. Be cured. (Mark 1:do will it. Be cured. (Mark 1:

4040--41)41)

ANOINTING OFTHESICKANOINTING OFTHESICK


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Lesson 4: Sacraments

at the Service of Communion In Jesus time, marriages were settled

and arranged by families Divorce was a prerogative of the husband in

case of adultery or porneia by the wife

Jesus never accepted divorce; firmly taughtthe permanence of marriage

Sex act in marriage is sacred as it isboth unitive (enhancement of love) andprocreative (openness to havingchildren) in character.

The couple are the ministers of thesacrament. The couple marrythemselves; not that the priest ismarrying them. Priest is only the

witness (representative of the Church)

For this reason a man shallFor this reason a man shall

leave his father and mother,leave his father and mother,

and shall cling to his wife, andand shall cling to his wife, andthe two shall be made intothe two shall be made into

one. This is a greatone. This is a great

foreshadowing; I mean that itforeshadowing; I mean that it

refers to Christ and therefers to Christ and the

church. (Ephesians 5:31church. (Ephesians 5:31--32)32)

MARRIAGEMARRIAGE


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Lesson 4: Sacraments

at the Service of Communion At the time of Jesus, priests were called

the Sadducees; chief functions wereconnected to the sacrifices of thetemple.

Jesus, who offered his life as the ultimatesacrifice, was considered the great Highpriest.

Today, Holy Orders is a three-tieredsacrament. It is received by deacons,priests and bishops. Transitional diaconate vs. permanent

diaconate

Heart of the priesthood is the mass

Role of bishop is to teach and to govern thechurch

He named twelve as hisHe named twelve as his

companions whom he wouldcompanions whom he would

send to preach the goodsend to preach the good

news. (Mark 3:12)news. (Mark 3:12)

HOLY ORDERSHOLY ORDERS

Final Lecture. Sacraments

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