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Transcript of Final Ir Presentation
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INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS IN USA
Presented By:
Group 1
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HISTORY OF USA
As covered in Schools and Universities, history of
USA starts typically with Columbus or the year 1492.
United States began as an independent nation with the
declaration of independence on July 4, 1776.
July 4 is celebrated as Nations Birthday.
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INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS???
Concerned with systems and procedures used by
Unions and Employers to determine the reward and
other conditions of employment to protect the interest
of their employees and also to regulate the ways in
which the employers treat their employees.
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PARTIES INVOLVED IN IR
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OVERVIEW OF IR IN USA
Industrial relations in USA are governed by National
Labor Relations Board. This works under the NLRB
Act 1935.
NLRB is a federal agency created by Congress in 1935to administer the NLR.
It is the primary law governing the relations between
Unions and Employers in the private sector.
The Act implements the National Labor Policy of
assuring free choice and encouraging collective
bargaining as a means of maintaining Industrial Peace
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GROWTH OF IR SYSTEM IN USA
There were some major issues in USA which came in
limelight and were known as Path for Growing of IR
system in USA. They were:
Collective Bargaining Boston Telephone Strike-1912
Right to Organize by American Constitution.
This was for growth of Trade union and freebargaining.
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HISTORY OF LABOR UNIONS IN USA
Labor Unions started forming in mid 19th century in
response to the social and economic impact of
Industrial Revolution.
The percentage of workers belonging to a Union in the
United States peaked in 1954 at almost 35%.
The total number of Union Members peaked in 1979 at
estimated 21.0 million.08/26/12 Tolani Institute of Management
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MOVEMENTS OF UNIONS
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PRESENT LABOR UNIONS IN USA
There are three main bodies running the Labor Unions.
Under that there are different Acts and Movements.
Let us see them:
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NATIONAL TRADE UNIONS
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NATIONAL GOVERNMENT AGENCIES
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PRIMARY TRADE UNION LEGISLATION
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SOMETHING MORE
Today most of Labor Union in United States are
members of two larger umbrella organizations.
AFL-CIO, that is American Federation of Labor and
Congress of Industrial Organizations. Both the organizations advocate policies and
legislations favorable to the Workers in United States
as well as Canada.
AFL-CIO are specially concerned with Global trade
and Economic issues.
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CONT
Public Sector worker unions are governed by Labor
Laws and Labor Boards in each of the 50 states.
Out of the 50, the northern states model their laws after
the NLRA & NLRB.
In other states Public workers have no right to
establish a Union as a legal entity.
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PROCEDURE OF UNIONS
The employer and the union write the terms and
conditions of the employment in legally binding
contract.
When the dispute arise over the contract, most of the
contracts call the parties to solve the differences
through Grievance Procedure to solve issues mutually.
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CONT
If Grievance Procedure fails, Union & Employer are
still unable to solve the dispute, then the party can
choose to send the dispute to the Arbitration.
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LABOR EDUCATION PROGRAMS
In United States, Labor Education Programs such as
Harvard Trade Union Program was launched in 1942
by a professor of Harvard University named John
Thomas Dunlop. The intention of this program was to educate the union
members so that can learn to deal with workplace and
labor issues of the day.
This program is at more broader part now in Harvard
University in Harvard Law School.
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CONT
The program is named as Labor and Work life
Program.
This deals in detail with a wide variety of labor and
employment issues from union pension investmentfunds to the effects of nanotechnology on labor
markets and workplace.
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AFL-AMERICAN FEDERAL LEGISLATION
AFL was founded in Columbus, Ohio in 1886.
It is 1st and largest federation of USA.
AFL was formed by the Federation of Organized
Trades and Labor Unions.
Up to first half of 20th century, AFL was the sole
largest Federation.
They were the one who prohibited child labor. Some rights of worker by defined by AFL like Eight
Hour day, also they gave health and safety laws.
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CIO-CONGRESS OF INDUSTRIAL
ORGANIZATION
CIO was founded on November 9, 1935 by eight
international unions belonging to American Federation
of Labor.
CIO declared that it was formed to encourage AFL sothat the unions can work more in mass for the welfare
of workers.
But somehow CIO failed to do and AFL suspended all
the heads of CIO and it was dissolved on September
10, 1936.
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CONT
In 1938, again those heads formed CIO as a Federation
Legislation and rival to AFL.
Later in 1955 they rejoined AFL and both were
working together and popularly known as AFL-CIO.
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AFL-CIO
AFL-CIO created in 1955 by the merger of AFL &
CIO.
It is a voluntary federation of 56 national and
international labor unions that represents 12.2 million
working people.
They make aware the people about their rights.
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CONT
Both of them together are largest umbrella for Unions
in United States.
They work everyday to improve the lives of the people
who work. To help working people to get valuable skills and job
readiness in 21st century, they run a training network.
They also provide independent voice so that anyworking women or men make their voice heard in
corporate boardroom.
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DEPARTMENTS OF AFL-CIO
AFL-CIO has seven programmatic and six supporting
departments in all:
Accounting
Campaigns
Civil, Human & Womens Rights
Digital Strategies
Facilities Management Government Affairs
Human Resource
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CONT
Information Technology
International
Meetings and Travel
General Council
Investment
Organizing
Policy and Political
Public Affairs
Supporting Services
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TRADE DEPARTMENTS
Also it has six trade departments:
Building and Construction Trades
Maritime Trades
Metal Trades
Professional Employees
Transportation Trades
Union Label and Service Trades.
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CHANGE TO WIN
CTW federation is a coalition of American Labor
Unions.
It was formed in the year 2005 as an alternative to
AFL-CIO It has four member of unions:
International Brotherhood of Teamsters(IBT)
Service Employees International Unions(SEIU) United Farm Workers(UFW)
United Food & Commercial Workers(UFCW)
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SOME OTHER LEGISLATIONS
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NORRIS-LA-GUARDIA ACT
Established in the year 1932.
It says that employees should be free to form unions
without interference of employers.
They look upon that whether there are no unfair
employment contracts.
This act outlawed Yellow Dog Contract Act.
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WAGNER ACT 1935
Earlier it was names as National labor Relations Act.
It protects employees Right to Organize
It held's secret ballot elections for union representative.
They also investigate about the unfair practices if any
and find remedy for them.
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TAFT-HARLEY ACT 1947
Also it is known as Labor Management Relations Act.
It balances power of Labor and Management in
collective bargaining relationship.
It established Federal Mediation and ConciliationServices: Which assisted in setting contracts without
stoppage of work.
They also maintain arbitrators who to decide thecontract disputes.
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LANDRUM-GRIFFIN ACT-1959
Regulates labour unions' internal affairs and their
officials' relationships with employers
It gives freedom of speech in Union matters.
It stops labor unions from doing something wrong.
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ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
In United States the most important progress
economically is driven ahead by BEA.
That is Bureau of Economic Analysis.
BEA is the producer of Economic accounts by creating
research, analysis and estimation to give the Business
decision makers, Researchers and American Public to
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