FINAL EXAM Spring Semester
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Transcript of FINAL EXAM Spring Semester
FINAL EXAMSpring Semester
TEXAS HISTORY
Important People• Sam Houston:
Commander of the entire regular Texas army
• Santa Anna: Commanding general of Mexican armies at San Jacinto
Important People• Stephen F. Austin:
“Father of Texas”• He left the Battle
of San Antonio to get aid from the U.S.
Important People• William B. Travis:
Commander of Texans for most of the Alamo battle
• James Bowie: Famous for his knife; a co-commander of the Alamo
Important People• David Crockett:
famous hunter and frontiersman from TN.; died at Alamo
• Sam Houston: As governor, he opposed secession and lost the office
Important People• Ulysses S. Grant:
Military leader of the Union during the Civil War
• Robert E. Lee: Military leader of the Confederacy during the Civil War
Important People• Abraham Lincoln:
President of the U.S. during the Civil War
• Jefferson Davis: President of the Confederacy during the Civil War
Important People• Doris Miller:
Famous WW II hero from Waco
• Chester Nimitz: Commander of the Pacific fleet during WWll from Fredricksburg
Important People
• Comanches: Group of Native Americans that captured Cynthia Ann Parker
• Neal McLennan: Started the town of Waco
Important People• Miriam A.
Ferguson: 1st woman governor of Texas
• James Ferguson: Governor of Texas who was impeached
Important People
• Lyndon B. Johnson: U.S. President from Texas who followed Kennedy in office and pushed for civil rights
Key Dates• Texas
Independence Day: March 2, 1836
• Texas became 28th U.S. state: Dec. 29, 1845
Key Events• Goliad Massacre:
350 prisoners were executed
• Runaway Scrape: retreat of Texas civilians from Mexican army
Key Events• The town of
Waterloo was renamed Austin and became the capitol of Texas
Key Events• Secession: act of
breaking away from the Union
• Civil War: War between two sections of a country
Key Events• Annexation: to
incorporate a country or territory into another country or territory
Key Events• Juneteenth: the
day slaves were freed in Texas
Key Events• Pearl Harbor:
attack caused the U.S. to enter WWll
• New Deal: Franklin Roosevelt’s policies for economic recovery
Key Events• Great
Depression: period of economic downturn characterized by high unemployment
Battle Cry• “Remember the
Alamo, Remember Goliad!”
• San Jacinto battle cry of Texans
Key Terms: Ranching• Longhorns: original cattle in Texas• Spanish explorers brought 1st cattle to
Texas• Brands: used to indicate ownership• XIT: largest cattle ranch in 1880s
Key Terms: Trail Drives• Wrangler: a
ranch hand who takes care of saddle horses
• Drover: a person who moves cattle to market
Trail Drives• The number of
cowhands needed on a trail drive varied greatly, depending on the size of the herd
Trail Drives• Cattle drives were begun to reach
new markets
Key Terms: Oil Boom• Spindletop: 1st
big oil discovery in Texas
• Permian Basin: a large oil-producing area of West Texas
Republic of Texas• Fannin’s
indecision resulted in the defeat at Goliad
• Most of the Texans captured at Goliad were executed
Republic of Texas• Alamo mission was
small• Travis got 32
volunteers from Gonzales
• Bowie and Crockett believed the Alamo was important to the future of Texas
Republic of Texas• Battle of San
Jacinto: Texas won independence from Mexico
• Santa Anna thought Houston’s troops would only fight on defensive
Republic of Texas• Treaty of Velasco: Houston released
Santa Anna and sent him back to Mexico• Texans hoped that releasing Santa Anna
would lead to better relations with Mexico
Texas Frontier• The Colt revolver
was important in winning the frontier wars because six quick shots could be fired before reloading
Borders• Mexico recognized
the Nueces River as the border for Texas and Mexico
• Oklahoma was the state formerly known as “Indian Territory”
Civil War• Sam Houston
opposed secession from the Union
• North’s victory in the Civil War meant that the Union was preserved
Reconstruction• Texas’ state government collapsed as a
result of the South’s surrender.• Southerners thought the Radical
Republicans plan for Reconstruction was too harsh
• Southern voters had to take the Ironclad Oath before they could vote during Reconstruction
Texas Economy• A growing demand
for wool contributed to an increase in sheep ranching after the Civil War
• Cotton was the chief cash crop
Good Luck on Your Final!Have a great summer!