Final Exam Open-note, not open book (no computers) Open-note, not open book (no computers) 12 short...

Final ExamFinal Exam

Open-note, not open book (no computers)Open-note, not open book (no computers)

12 short answer qs (2-4 sentence responses)12 short answer qs (2-4 sentence responses)

Idea oriented, not detail orientedIdea oriented, not detail oriented

Allow limited choice (8/9 qs from lecture, 4/5 Allow limited choice (8/9 qs from lecture, 4/5 from readings)from readings)

Some reading qs directly from Boli & LechnerSome reading qs directly from Boli & Lechner

Three Levels of World Three Levels of World CultureCulture

Material: Products & forms (e.g., Material: Products & forms (e.g., movies)movies)

Ideal: Norms & values (e.g., liberty)Ideal: Norms & values (e.g., liberty)

Ideal: Definitions & assumptions Ideal: Definitions & assumptions (e.g., “children”)(e.g., “children”)– What exists, what existents can What exists, what existents can

do, how existents interrelatedo, how existents interrelate

More Interconnections: More Interconnections: Internet Hosts 1992-2006Internet Hosts 1992-2006

Not Just Any World Not Just Any World Culture…Culture…

MODERNMODERN Rationalized (disenchanted)Rationalized (disenchanted)

>interconnected, predictable, >interconnected, predictable, purposivepurposive

>natural and social worlds organized in >natural and social worlds organized in means-ends chains means-ends chains

>oriented on progress, not tradition>oriented on progress, not tradition


MODERNMODERN Individualized ActorhoodIndividualized Actorhood

>action capacities located in >action capacities located in human, not divine, beingshuman, not divine, beings

>humans conceived in terms >humans conceived in terms of individual, not corporate, bodies of individual, not corporate, bodies


MODERNMODERN UniversalizedUniversalized

>constitutive features of reality >constitutive features of reality and rules by which they operate are and rules by which they operate are same everywheresame everywhere

>human individuals are same >human individuals are same everywhere (and thus fundamentally everywhere (and thus fundamentally equal)equal)

By contrast, Deuteronomy By contrast, Deuteronomy 21…21…

When thou goest forth to war against thine enemies, When thou goest forth to war against thine enemies, and the LORD thy God hath delivered them into and the LORD thy God hath delivered them into thine hands, and thou hast taken them captive, and thine hands, and thou hast taken them captive, and seest among the captives a beautiful woman, and seest among the captives a beautiful woman, and hast a desire unto her, that thou wouldest have her hast a desire unto her, that thou wouldest have her to thy wife; then thou shalt bring her home to thine to thy wife; then thou shalt bring her home to thine house; and she shall shave her head, and pare her house; and she shall shave her head, and pare her nails; and she shall put the raiment of her captivity nails; and she shall put the raiment of her captivity from off her, and shall remain in thine house, and from off her, and shall remain in thine house, and bewail her father and her mother a full month: and bewail her father and her mother a full month: and after that thou shalt go in unto her, and be her after that thou shalt go in unto her, and be her husband, and she shall be thy wife. And it shall be, husband, and she shall be thy wife. And it shall be, if thou have no delight in her, then thou shalt let her if thou have no delight in her, then thou shalt let her go whither she will; but thou shalt not sell her at all go whither she will; but thou shalt not sell her at all for money, thou shalt not make merchandise of her, for money, thou shalt not make merchandise of her, because thou hast humbled her. because thou hast humbled her.


If a man have two wives, one beloved, and If a man have two wives, one beloved, and another hated, and they have borne him another hated, and they have borne him children, children, bothboth the beloved and the hated; the beloved and the hated; and and ifif the firstborn son be hers that was the firstborn son be hers that was hated: then it shall be, when he maketh his hated: then it shall be, when he maketh his sons to inherit sons to inherit thatthat which he hath, which he hath, thatthat he he may not make the son of the beloved may not make the son of the beloved firstborn before the son of the hated, firstborn before the son of the hated, which which is indeedis indeed the firstborn: but he shall the firstborn: but he shall acknowledge the son of the hated acknowledge the son of the hated forfor the the firstborn, by giving him a double portion of firstborn, by giving him a double portion of all that he hath: for he all that he hath: for he isis the beginning of the beginning of his strength; the right of the firstborn his strength; the right of the firstborn isis his. his.


If a man have a stubborn and rebellious son, If a man have a stubborn and rebellious son, which will not obey the voice of his father, or which will not obey the voice of his father, or the voice of his mother, and the voice of his mother, and that,that, when they when they have chastened him, will not hearken unto have chastened him, will not hearken unto them: then shall his father and his mother lay them: then shall his father and his mother lay hold on him, and bring him out unto the elders hold on him, and bring him out unto the elders of his city, and unto the gate of his place; and of his city, and unto the gate of his place; and they shall say unto the elders of his city, This they shall say unto the elders of his city, This our son our son isis stubborn and rebellious, he will not stubborn and rebellious, he will not obey our voice; obey our voice; he ishe is a glutton, and a a glutton, and a drunkard. And all the men of his city shall drunkard. And all the men of his city shall stone him with stones, that he die: so shalt stone him with stones, that he die: so shalt thou put evil away from among you; and all thou put evil away from among you; and all Israel shall hear, and fear. Israel shall hear, and fear.


And if a man have committed a sin And if a man have committed a sin worthy of death, and he be to be put worthy of death, and he be to be put to death, and thou hang him on a tree: to death, and thou hang him on a tree: his body shall not remain all night his body shall not remain all night upon the tree, but thou shalt in any upon the tree, but thou shalt in any wise bury him that day; (for he that is wise bury him that day; (for he that is hanged hanged isis accursed of God;) that thy accursed of God;) that thy land be not defiled, which the LORD land be not defiled, which the LORD thy God giveth thee thy God giveth thee forfor an inheritance. an inheritance.

By contrast, during Zhou By contrast, during Zhou Dynasty (1122-255 BC)…Dynasty (1122-255 BC)… (Chang 1947)(Chang 1947)

special considerations from judicial special considerations from judicial authorities were given to:authorities were given to:– The emperor’s familyThe emperor’s family– Persons with old relationships to Persons with old relationships to

governmentgovernment– Virtuous menVirtuous men– Men of abilityMen of ability– Men of deedsMen of deeds– Men of noble rankMen of noble rank– Men of diligenceMen of diligence– Guests of the countryGuests of the country

By contrast, Article 162 of By contrast, Article 162 of Laos Penal Code (to at least Laos Penal Code (to at least 1964)…1964)…

Anyone who…rapes a married woman, will be punished Anyone who…rapes a married woman, will be punished with penal labor for 5 to 10 years and a fine….The guilty with penal labor for 5 to 10 years and a fine….The guilty will be condemned in addition to pay damages to the will be condemned in addition to pay damages to the offended husband according to the following scale. If the offended husband according to the following scale. If the husband is:husband is:

-king…10,000-king…10,000 -heir to the throne…6,000 -heir to the throne…6,000 -1-1stst prince…4,000 prince…4,000 -2 -2ndnd prince…3,500 prince…3,500 -3-3rdrd prince…3,000 prince…3,000 -division chief…2,000 -division chief…2,000 -official…1,600 -official…1,600 -Phouxounei Samien…1,200 -Phouxounei Samien…1,200 -any other agent…1,000 -a man of the people…800-any other agent…1,000 -a man of the people…800

By contrast, during Xia By contrast, during Xia Dynasty (2205-1766 BC)… Dynasty (2205-1766 BC)… (Chang 1947)(Chang 1947)

Criminal punishments included:Criminal punishments included:(1)(1) Exterminating entire family to fourth Exterminating entire family to fourth

generation ascendant and generation ascendant and descendantdescendant

(2)(2) Burning subordinate officialsBurning subordinate officials(3)(3) Peeling skin of pregnant womenPeeling skin of pregnant women(4)(4) Mashing and mixing into paste the Mashing and mixing into paste the

flesh of killed criminalsflesh of killed criminals(5)(5) Drying and pressing the flesh of Drying and pressing the flesh of

killed criminalskilled criminals

Final Exam Open-note, not open book (no computers) Open-note, not open book (no computers) 12 short...

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