Proposed PLMar University Campus Villamor, Arvee C.12

The Proposed PLMar University CampusPassive Cooling: Incorporation of Evaporative Cooling

CHAPTER 1.O INTRODUCTION1.1. BACKGROUND/OVERVIEW: Description of the situation

The proposed project is entitled The proposed PLMar University Campus to be located in Rainbow st. Marikina Village, Concepcion Dos, Marikina City It is about developing / designing a new permanent campus for PLMar University because of it is staying on a temporary campus PLMar is government university that was established on 2003, by ex-mayor Marides C. Fernando, Cong. Marcelino Teodoro & Dr. Jerome Mendoza. This project is proposed by the municipal of Marikina Allowed by the Commission on Higher Education to several courses (see attached school enrolees and list of course)

PROJECT OBJECTIVES The project is being proposed by the client because of the following existing conditions/reasons :1. To provide a permanent University campus for PLMar since they dont have a permanent campus, and staying on a temporary campus2. To supply sufficient facilities / classroom, due to its lack of number of classroom for the University3. To be acknowledged as a great University for their high quality educationSPECIAL REQUIREMENTS:1. The client wound want a complete facility for the university2. In terms of design of the buildings the client wants to tackle a modern way of design that does not resemble with other government universities

TARGET USERSPrimary: Students within Marikina/ Graduates of schools witing Marikina, normally they will have discounts on entering the university and other city nearby Secondary: Faculties / Officers of the UniversityTertiary: Employees that will maintain the university and Visitors/ InquirersAVAILABILITY OF THE BUDGET: The municipality of Marikina will finance the project in the amount of PhP 600 Million

1.2. / 1.3. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM / ARCHITECTURAL GOAL & OBJECTIVES

2.1 MAJOR PROBLE2.2 ARCHT GOAL

How will the university be designed through catering and adopting a enhance learning environment for the student?By keeping the design of the campus healthy, attentive and presentControlling indoor air quality Ventilation Improvement and Improvising and adopting vegetation on the siteAcoustics Preventing and keeping out the noise from arising the room. Application of Acoustic boards like Broadway Acoustic Panels to the wall.Thermal Comfort Constant ventilation or demand controlled ventilation, Supplying air temperature compensation (cooling with outdoor air). Application of Evaporative CoolingDay Lighting exposing the classrooms / offices, from sunlight for natural lighting This strategies will provide a healthy environment conducive to learning for the students and complete facilities

2.3 MINOR PROBLEM2.4 OBJECTIVES

1. What sustainable programs will be highlighted in this proposed project1. Applying sustainable programs for the university :a. Strategic placing of vegetation (plants and trees) on the site that will create shades and filter out pollutants that may enter the structuresb. Use of evaporative cooling system that uses vapour compression or refrigeration cycles, which can cool air, using less energy than ACc. Allowing natural lighting and natural ventilations

2. What will make this project different from other government universities?2. Going for a new way of Government University Design:a. Maximizing environmental design to have a sustainable character, b. Going for modern design of university will give its edge on otherc. Giving the university a way of acknowledgement not just in terms of high quality of education, but in terms of design to.

3. What will the benefits, thus for applying the healthy campus planning to the project?

3. Healthy Campus planning Strategies:a. By effectively planning all the classrooms and other necessary facilities. b. The necessary open space requirement intended for the airflow for natural ventilation for a school campus will be achievedc. It will promote a feeling of safe and structured environment

1.4. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESEARCH

A. To the Architectural Community

1. This study is undertaken to create and set a new way/trend as to not limiting a government university in terms of design2. This study will adopt/comply the needs and ambiance of a student can have, and feel on its campus to study and pursuing their dreams3. It will practice a good blocks in enhancing university environment

B. To the community

1. This study will bring up the name the university and introduce its high quality of teaching and learning to other city2. It will be a success to the local government of Marikina since there would be more students enrolling and the needs of faculty would be a way of providing jobs to other people3. It will produce a better college graduates that surpasses the national passing ratings in keeping with its commitment 4. produces work ready, career-focused & community-oriented graduates, who land with good jobs in reputable companies & institutes here and abroad

1.5. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

A. LOCAL LITERATURE1. STATE UNIVERSITIES IN THE PHILIPPINES

Source/Websitehttp://www.entranceuniversity.com/2010/12/state-university-in-philippines.html As said in this article, Government universities are Universities subsidized and supported by the government, because they are funded by the government, they offer lower tuition cost than that of private universities, in Filipinos case, most of the student choose to study in state university because private tuition rates increase well. The worst part of this is that the government is proposing a new market of privatization for these universities. The government claims to be prioritizing the basic and secondary education. Is this a good reason when according to the Constitution, TheStateshall protect and promote the right of all citizens to quality education at all levels and shall take appropriate steps to make such education accessible to all.Critique: PLMar is one of those State Universities in the Philippines produced by the government, and gives high quality of education for students that in financial needs for their studies. That also produces graduates that can compete to other university / private university. Thus giving the university a better design towards its campus, will not only be a way recognizing the university, but will give a chance, of producing more government university for the other students that is in financial problem state

B. FOREIGN LITERATURE1. PUBLIC AND PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES Sources/Website:http://www.brainchild.org/publicORprivateU.html According to this article, easily the most visible difference between American public and private universities is the cost of tuition, which is much higher at a private university. Public universities are also much easier for a student to gain admission to, especially if the student is a resident of the state in which the university is located in. In some instances, public universities have programs that automatically accept transfer students that have completed a certain level of outside credits in a different state collegeCritique: Basically Public and Private Universities in the Philippines and in the other country share the same traits of having public University tuitions cost less, because they rely on government itself. But, in terms of Campus, design, facilities, this is where it differs, because, most of our government university, doesnt have that edge in terms of campus designPros and Cons:Benefits of attending a public university Tuition is much cheaper than that of a private university Students who do not get achieve high enough grades to gain admittance into a private university (which can be extremely exclusive) will have a much easier time attending a public university. Public universities are much larger and more diverse than the average private university, and students may feel more comfortable around a larger student population that it offers. Students have more of a choice as to which area of the country to attend school at when they select a public universityDrawbacks of attending a public university Public universities are not as prestigious as private universities, and some careers might be more difficult to enter after graduation. The larger size of public universities may distance the student from the educational atmosphereBenefits of attending a private university Like privatized junior high and high schools, private universities generally have smaller class sizes, and more prestige than does a public university. Students generally build stronger, more personal relationships with their professors and instructors, as there are special programs designed to increase communication and dialogue between the two. Private universities also have a significantly higher amount of extra-curricular activities and programs for students to participate in, which can develop a stronger sense of community.Drawbacks of attending a private university Perhaps the greatest drawback of attending a private university is the difficulty in being accepted for admission Price can be prohibitive for lower-income students

2. PASSIVE COOLING IDEAS FOR THE SOUTHEASTSource/Website:http://www.fsec.ucf.edu/en/publications/pdf/FSEC-EN-2-80.pdf According to the author Chris beck of Florida Solar Energy Center, A passive cooled structure is one which is kept relatively comfortable through natural means. Factors like heat gain, humidity and air movement or ventilation are important factors that should be considered.

Proper distribution of plants/vegetation, it will create shades that also reduce the solar gain on the walls and windowsCritique: For the researcher to accomplished this, Considering internal comfort, created by passive techniques can make it expensive when it comes to using A.C

3. Passive retrofitting strategies for school buildingsSouce/Website:http://teenergy.commpla.com/index/brochure/02_PASSIVE_COOLING.pdf According to the article The passive retrofitting concerns energy efficiency and it consists in reducing the energy demand that will then be covered by active integrated systems which are powered, in so far as possible, by renewable sources. The passive strategy also affects the building morphology and the building envelope technology, offering an important occasion for the upgrading of the appearance of building structures.Critique: The researcher is to apply passive strategy, which it can be a focus where the study will be applied to the project to attached the passive solutions here in the Philippines.

C. LOCAL STUDIES1. Henry Sy, Sr. Centennial Hall of De La Salle UniversitySource/ Website:http://centennial.hall.dlsu.edu.ph/dlsu-centennial-hall-project According to the site, The buildings modern and open design is likened to a habitable tree, its form evoking a grove of trees sitting on a forest clearing, a refreshing concept injecting environmental sensitivity to the highly congested Taft Avenue area. The concept also illustrates DLSUs continuous and growing role in Philippine education, as well as its commitment to environmental responsibility and sustainability. It is life-giving and nurturing. It has pocket indoor gardens, outdoor reading areas and wide-open spaces that support creativity and engage learners to generate new ideas. Eco-friendly in character, it boasts of a green roof, solar panels, a rainwater collection system, and water re-use system. The educational areas in the Centennial Hall focus on the Learning Commons, a central hub envisioned to serve as the intellectual crossroads for university study. More than being simply a repository of books and reference materials, the Learning Commons is the central node for a revitalized campus where the academic community can gather for relaxation, interaction with one another, and official university activities.Critiques:Some action and concepts in the said design will be applied for the New campus of university, like having a refreshing concept of environmental, as well as showing how government university grow and achieve its high quality of education. A healthy environment for the students on enhancing their learning life. Also putting up open space, or learning space as a center of students can gather around for studying, and interaction with each other.

D. FOREIGN STUDIES1. National University of SingaporeSource/ Website:http://www.dpa.com.sg/projects/nus-university-town-master-plan/According to the site, The National University of Singapore (NUS) Town Master Plan redevelops a golf course into a modern international campus and town centre, planned along a green corridor. Building location and massing adapts to the landscape. Academic, recreational and social anchors are strung along the length of the green, drawing users to specific destinations and filtering noises from the surrounding highway.Structures are connected by variously scaled pockets of open greenery that serve as collection points for passive and active interaction; these lawns are overlaid by a network of circulation paths.Critique:The researcher is to apply strategic way of, filtering noises from the surrounding highway, and a environment that adopts, everything within the campus a passive and active interaction environment

1.6. HYPOTHESISIf the new campus is properly planned, and given a healthy environment, a possible of enhancing a students learning environment would be formed with this way of designing a university campus

1.7. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKProblem : To design a permanent University Campus for PLMar University, that fully caters the needs of the University, and provide a Healthy campus for it to be acknowledge for its high quality education

INPUTPROCESSAs per the university, the target numbers of 8,500 enrolees for AY 2014-2015, but as of AY 2013-2014 1st sem the total population is 7857 (see attached school enrolees and list of course)Number / Target number of students that will enrol to the university

Strategic placing of vegetation, use of evaporative cooling system and Allowing natural lighting and ventilation, will minimize energy consumptions.Applicable sustainable programs to university campus

Controlling indoor air quality, Proper Acoustics, Thermal Comfort, Day lighting. It will provide a healthy environment conducive to learning for students of the UniversityDesign solutions in adopting enhance learning environment for the university

G Input of sufficient classrooms for the students, a spacious and comfortable, Additional facilities intended for the income of higher amount of the students for the futureProviding of sufficient classroom for future enrolees and facilities

A properly zoned plan that creates a healthy and enhancing a learning environment that leads to acknowledgement of students on learning / studying on PLMar University, or in other Govt Universities

The Proposed PLMar University Campus

1.8. RESEARCH DESIGNDATA GATHERINGDATA ANALYSIS/PURPOSEDATA INTERPRETATION

Internet ResearchHealthy CampusPassive CoolingNatural Lighting Natural VentlationTo know the availability of the chosen sustainable design for the proposed project.Less energy consumptions of the solutoins

To come up with a Healthy campus that will help the client lessen its cost in save energy consumption and maintenance, and also gaining balance on campus

Interview ResearchCity Municipal Officers (Planners and Engineers)University AdministratorsStudents of the UniversityTo know the opinions and facts from the officers and the school administrator will validate the current condition and state of the university, as well as discovering the site focal problems, and ideas for the designSolution that will lead to gaining of students in learning in this university

Government Research Municipal of Marikina CHEDMunicipal of Marikina- Lot location of the project, and needs for the designCHED-guidelines of the required facilities Higher Education, UniversitiesMunicipal of marikina- Solutions that will cater the needs of the university and its problemPLMar- to know the population size of the university

Library/Book ResearchThesis Book related Campus PlanningTo determine the proper site planning, building design and relationship of the spaces.Considerations for the facilities and other requirements

ATRIEV(Client/Proponent)Topography Map

Financial DataTarget userStudy of the sites contours levels.

To know the financial implications of the site.PLMar-percentage of the students per course, and total population count

Proper planning and circulation for better campus orientation solutionsCosts, Profits, Coming back of investment.PLMar- to know the population size of the university

Soil and Water Management Bureau Engineering Office of MarikinaTo analyse the sites soil composition .components, and CoordinatesBetter groundwork planning

ClimateAnalysing the sites wind direction and sun pathBuildings suitable positioning and source of natural lighting and ventilation

SurveySurveys of students environments for learningTo define their moods, in terms of environments in their campus

To design a campus that will enhance learning and relationship with other students

1.9. SCOPE & LIMITATION OF THE RESEARCH THE ARCHITECTURAL PROJECTSCOPELIMITATION

Sustainability Natural lighting & Natural Ventilation Evaporative cooling systemLimited on the ways of natural lighting and ventilation will affect the environment of the students.

Interior Design Focuses Enhancing learning inside a classroomLimiting in ways of students adaptation on design on classrooms

Landscaping Strategic placing of vegetation impaired users.Limited on Tropical plants that create shades and filter out pollutants that may enter the structures

Architectural/Structural Focuses in space planning and zoning through the guidelines and space requirement of a school. Space requirements and zoning Limited to the guidelines given by CHED for university facilitiesLimited to number of users based on the University populationsThe project limits on the study of computation of the structural design

Renewable Energy Lessening of energy consumption by the use of natural lighting and passive cooling

Limited to the permissible sun glare and positioning of the proposed project, technicalities of installing, cooling system devices.

1.10. DEFINITION OF TERMSBasicLearning knowledge gained by studyEnvironment External conditions or surrounding. Facilities Equipment on facilitating the performance of an action.GovernmentalCHED Commission of Higher Education, The governing body covering both public and private higher education institutions as well as degree-granting programs in all tertiary educational institutionsMunicipal of Marikina Local government of Marikina

EducationalCollege Institution within a universityUniversity Generally includes primary, secondary and higher education/collegeGovernment University A public university that is funded by public, sub national government or national governmentGreen ArchitectureSustainable design Applies the principles of sustainable development to produce places and products that connect people with the natural environmentGreen building Whole building and systems approach to design and construction that uses techniques that minimize environmental impact and reduce energy consumptions.Green campus A healthy campus that is attentive and present in controlling indoor air quality, acoustics, thermal comfort, day lighting.

1.11. END NOTEShttp://centerforgreenschools.org/why-green-schools.aspxhttp://www.epa.gov/iaq/schools/student_performance/http://www.merriam-webster.comhttp://www.collinsdictionary.comhttp://universitasrawk.blogspot.com/2010/10/definition-of-public-university-private.htmlhttp://www.plm.edu.ph/univ-profile.htmlhttp://www.worldarchitecturenews.com/http://campusclimate.ucop.edu/what-is-campus-climate/