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    Managing Files And Folders

    A file is a collection of numbers which have been written to your computers hard drive. These

    numbers can be converted into a picture, a sound, text, or a set of instructions for a program to

    perform certain actions. A clue to a files type is given by its Icon or by its file extension. Folders arecontainers for anything on a computer including files and other folders. A path lists the folders that

    have to be opened to get to the required file. Folders were called directories on older Microsoft

    systems.

    These are some typical file icons. They help the user toidentify the file type. There are innumerable file types,some of the common ones are represented here:

    1. .bmp a bitmap image2. .doc a Word document3. .wav a sound file4. .ppt animated slides5. .txt plain text6. .xls a spreadsheet7. .dbf a database file8. A shortcut (note the arrow)9. .exe an application (a program)Windows allows you to view information about files indifferent ways. the icon view the default used byWindows XP.

    To change the icon view, click on View on the menu bar.

    Select the required view from the available list.

    By default if a file type is a known one, such as a Microsoft Word Document, Windows wont displayits file extension. To view all file extensions click on Tools on the menu bar.

    Various options can be configured. e.g. Display compressed files and folders with alternate colours.

    To display all file extensions, untick the Hide file extensions for known file types box.

    File extensions are best left alone. Opening a file with the wrong application can sometimes damagethe file. However you may at some stage need to

    change a files extension.

    Folders

    Each of these is a folder. They may contain files orother folders (called subfolders) or both. There may bemany nestings of folders within folders.

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    Files and folders are located on the computer by using a file path. The James folder is locatedinside a folder called Home, which is located inside a folder called es-net, which is located on the

    C: drive. The file path will be C:\es-net\Home\James.

    Moving and Copying

    To move a file or folder, either right click on its icon OR left click on the Edit option on the toolbar.Choose cut to move or copy to copy!

    At this point the item has been placed onto a clipboard an area of memory accessible from nearlyany application in Windows. Right click (or open Edit in the toolbar) in an open destination folderand choose Paste (or use drag and drop) .

    When an attempt is made to move an item between volumes, it is effectively copied, and theoriginal remains.

    Creating Files and Folders

    This is mercifully easy. Simply right-click on some empty space in any suitable folder or the desktopand choose to create a new object from the choices offered.

    Be careful not to alter the file extension, as this can render the file unreadable. File extensions areusually hidden for this reason.