File-1389423038

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RFID SECURITY ACCESS

CONTROL SYSTEMSubmitted by:

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CONTENTS Project overview

Block diagram

Power supply

Microcontroller

RFID

Relay

B !"#

$D

So%tware re&uirements

Sc'ematic ( )orking o% t'e project

*dvantages

*pplications

Future scope

onclusion

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PROJECT OVERVIEW +'e main objective o% t'is project is to provide security

in an organi,ation by allowing aut'ori,ed personnel toenter or to access t'e door to enter into t'e

organi,ation-

For t'is purpose t'e aut'ori,ed personnel are provided

wit' an RFID card- +'is card contains an integrated circuit t'at is used %or

storing. processing in%ormation. modulating and

demodulating t'e radio %re&uency signal t'at is being

transmitted-

+'us. once t'e person s'ows t'e RFID card to t'e RFIDcard reader it scans t'e data present on t'e card and

compares it wit' t'at o% t'e data present in t'e system

and once it matc'es it displays t'e message saying valid

and unlocks t'e door or else states invalid and doesn/tallow t'e access-

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BLOCK DIAGRAM

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POWER SUPPLYStep down trans%ormer Bridge recti%ier Filter Regulator

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CONTD.. +'e 0123 * supply is %irst stepped down to

403 * using a step down trans%ormer-

+'is is t'en converted to D using bridge

recti%ier- +'e * ripples is %iltered out by using a

capacitor and given to t'e input pin o%

voltage regulator #52!-

*t output pin o% t'is regulator we get aconstant !3 D w'ic' is used %or M and

ot'er Is in t'is project-

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MICROCONTROLLER(PIC16F877A)

6ig'7Per%ormance RIS P8:

9nly 1! single7word instructions-

*ll single7cycle instructions ecept %or program

branc'es. w'ic' are two cycle- 9perating speed: D ; 02 M6, clock input D ;

022 ns instruction cycle

8p to 5< 4" words o% Flas' Program Memory.

8p to 1=5 5 bytes o% Data Memory >R*M?. 8pto 0!= 5 bytes o% @@PR9M Data Memory-

Pin out compatible to ot'er 057pin or "2A""7pin.

PI4= and PI4=F microcontrollers-

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SPECIAL MICROCONTROLLERFEATURES:

422.222 eraseAwrite cycle @n'anced Flas' program memory

typical-

4.222.222 eraseAwrite cycle Data @@PR9M memory typical-

Data @@PR9M Retention C "2 years-

Sel%7reprogrammable under so%tware control-

In7ircuit Serial Programming >ISP? via two pins-

Single7supply !3 In7ircuit Serial Programming-

)atc'dog +imer >)D+? wit' its own on7c'ip R oscillator

%or reliable operation- Programmable code protection-

Power saving Sleep mode-

Selectable oscillator options-

In7ircuit Debug >ID? via two pins-

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PERIPERAL FEATURES:

+imer2: 57bit timerAcounter wit' 57bit prescaler-

+imer4: 4=7bit timerAcounter wit' prescaler. can be incremented

during Sleep via eternal crystalAclock-

+imer0: 57bit timerAcounter wit' 57bit period register. prescaler

and postscaler-

+wo apture. ompare. P)M modules

7 apture is 4=7bit. ma- resolution is 40-! ns

7 ompare is 4=7bit. ma- resolution is 022 ns

7 P)M ma resolution is 427bit

Sync'ronous Serial Port >SSP? wit' SPI >Master mode? and I0

>MasterASlave?-

8niversal Sync'ronous *sync'ronous Receiver +ransmitter

>8S*R+ASI? wit' E7bit address detection-

Parallel Slave Port >PSP? ; 5 bits wide wit' eternal RD. )R and

S controls >"2A""7pin only?-

Brown7out detection circuitry %or Brown7out Reset >B9R?-

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PIN DESCRIPTION OF PIC16F877

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BC547

The BC547 transistor is an NPN Epitaxial Silicon

Transistor.

The BC547 transistor is a general-purpose transistor

in small plastic packages.

It is use in general-purpose s!itching an

ampli"ication BC#47$BC547 series 45 %& '(( m) NPN

general-purpose transistors.

*hene+er ,ase is high& then current starts "lo!ing

through ,ase an emitter an a"ter that onl current

!ill pass "rom collector to emitter

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RFID Radio7%re&uency identi%ication >RFID? is an

automatic identi%ication met'od. relying onstoring and remotely retrieving data using devices

called RFID tags or transponders-

RFID >radio %re&uency identi%ication? is a

tec'nology t'at incorporates t'e use o%

electromagnetic or electrostatic coupling in t'e

radio %re&uency >RF? portion o% t'e

electromagnetic spectrum to uni&uely identi%y an

object. animal. or person-

*n alternative to bar code-

RFID is also called dedicated s'ort range

communication>DSR?

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CONTD.. RFID Bene%its 3ersus Bar ode $abels and

Scanning @liminates 'uman error Improves speed and e%%iciency

Increases in%ormation availability and location

*llows en'anced security Delivers data wit' or wit'out network connection

RFID *pplication Manu%acturing

Supply 'ain. $ogistics ( Distribution

Security *nd *ccess ontrol

Parking. Bay *nd +erminal Management +ool ollection

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RELAY * relay is an !"!#$%&#'"" *!%'$!+ ,-&$#-

urrent %lowing t'roug' t'e coil o% t'e relay

creates a magnetic %ield w'ic' attracts a

lever and c'anges t'e switc' contacts- +'e coil current can be on or o%% so relays

'ave two switc' positions and 'ave +/0"!$%- >#'2!3!%? switc' contacts as

s'own in t'e diagram-

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CONTD.. Relays allow one circuit to switc' a second

circuit w'ic' can be completely separate

%rom t'e %irst-

For eample a low voltage battery circuit canuse a relay to switc' a 0123 * mains circuit-

+'ere is no electrical connection inside t'e

relay between t'e two circuits. t'e link is

magnetic and mec'anical-

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LI4UID CRYSTAL DISPLAY5LCD Most common $Ds connected to t'e microcontrollers are 4=0 and

020 displays-

+'is means 4= c'aracters per line by 0 lines and 02 c'aracters per

line by 0 lines. respectively-

+'e standard is re%erred to as 6D""#528. w'ic' re%ers to t'e

controller c'ip w'ic' receives data %rom an eternal source >and

communicates directly wit' t'e $D-

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CONTD.. I% an 57bit data bus is used t'e $D will

re&uire 44 data lines>1 control lines plus t'e5 lines %or t'e data bus?

+'e t'ree control lines are re%erred to as @.

RS. and R)

@G@nable >used to tell t'e $D t'at you are

sending it data?

RSGRegister Select- )'en RSG2H data is

treated as a command ( )'en RSG4H databeing sent is tet data-

RA)GReadA)rite - )'en R)G2H t'e data

written to t'e $D ( )'en R)G2H t'e data

reading to t'e $D-

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WORKING OF PROJECT

+'e project uses a RFID reader t'at sends a 40!<6, signals w'ile a RFID card is swiped over t'e

same-

+'e card used gets powered by inductive means

wit' t'e coil inside t'e same duely recti%ied and%iltered %or a D voltage to drive t'e inbuilt c'ip

in t'e card-

+'us w'ile t'e card is swiped over sends a valid

data to t'e M to output a logic 'ig' %rom t'e M

at pin 4= to switc' on transistor w'ic' %inally

actuates t'e load %or eample a lamp in t'is case-

+'e $D display indicates all t'e position occruing

in t'e process-

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File-1389423038

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