Figures of speech used in English Language
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Transcript of Figures of speech used in English Language
Figures of Speech
• word or group of words used to give particular emphasis to an idea or sentiment
• Help explain abstract ideas by creating comparisons or other relationships between the abstraction and concrete realities
• A directly stated comparison between two unlike person or thing that uses expressions like, as and as ....... as
Example:His mind is like a sponge.
Simile
•An implied comparison between two unlike things that are alike in the way they are identified
Metaphor
• Unlike simile, no expressions are used to show the comparison in metaphor
Example:In the dark night, the
city lights are glimmering fireflies
• Leads human qualities to things that are not human – animals, plants, in animate objects and abstraction.
Personification
•Addresses personified objects as real person, the absent as if they were present and the dead as if were alive
Apostrophe
• A subtle metaphor, it recalls and projects on the imagination memories of the past – a well known person, event, saying or incident – to compare with the present scene.
Allusion
• The substitution of one noun for another which it suggests but it is not base on resemblance but on association
Example:It is the rope for the
criminal (the cause – hanging with a rope for the effect – death)
Metonymy
• A type of metonymy, it gives a significant part to represent a whole
Example:The poor woman has ten
hungry mouths to feed.
Synecdoche
• From the Greek hyper, meaning “beyond” and ballein, meaning “to throw” this is a deliberate exaggeration not to deceive but to emphasize a statement, often used for humorous effect.
Example:He is such a good salesman he
could sell Manila Bay to speculators
Hyperbole
• Used to minimize the impression of the size or importance of reality or to enhance the readers impression of what is said.
• If the understatement is positive, it is called melosis; if it is a miid negative understatement, it is called litotes
Understatement
Example:Nena told her friend, I am a
bit hurt because I was not invited to your wedding. (melosis)
A kinder garden pupil made a speech at his graduation and his proud grandfather said, “Not a bad accomplishment.” (litotes)
• The use of word to signify the opposite of what is said.
• The words used express approval or praise, but the author’s real intention is blame, criticism, scorn or ridicule
• In writing, the context of irony holds the clue; in speech, the tone of the voice or manner of the speaker indicates the irony intended.
Irony