Figures Of Speech-Comparisons

8/12/2019 Figures Of Speech-Comparisons

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Figures of Speech

Comparisons

Similes & Metaphors


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Lessons

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What are Figurative Words?

Three Parts of a Comparison

Same Image, Different MeaningsUnderstanding Biblical Comparisons

Why Use Figurative Words?


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WHAT ARE FIGURATIVEWORDS?

Figures of Speech

Comparisons Similes and Metaphors


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Comparisons

Comparisons are statements that tellabout one thing by showing that it is

like another thing.

In English, the words 'as', 'like' and

'than' are often used in comparisons.


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We can compare things literally orfiguratively.

Literalbased on the ordinary or usualmeaning of the words.

Figurativemeaning of the comparison

is different from the ordinary meaningof the individual words.

Comparisons


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Literal Comparisons

Literal Comparison is based on theordinary or usualmeaning of the words.

In English the words like and as areoften used to compare things that arealike.


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John looks like hisfather.

This is a literalcomparison with theword like.

Two things are similar in a certain way.

Literal Comparisons


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Tim is as tall as hisolder brother.

This is a literalcomparison with theword as.

Two things are similar in a certain way.

Literal Comparisons


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Literal Comparison is based on theordinary or usualmeaning of the words.

In English the word than is often used tocompare things that are not equal.

Literal Comparisons


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Mike is taller than hisolder brother.

This is a comparisonusing than.

Two things are different in a certain way.

Literal Comparisons


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Literal Comparisons

Ruth runs faster thanher older sister.

This is a literalcomparison with theword than.

Two things are different in a certain way.


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Figurative Comparisons

Figurative the meaning of the wholesentence is different from the ordinaryor usual meaning of the individual words.

Two main types of figurative comparisons: Similes

Metaphors


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Similes are figurative comparisons that usethe words 'like,' 'as' or 'than'. These

words make it clear that a comparison isbeing made.

The meaning of the whole sentence isdifferent from the ordinary or usualmeaning of the individual words.

Figurative Comparisons - Simile


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David was as mad as ahornet.

This is a simile with theword as.

Similes are a figure of speech.


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Therefore be asshrewd as snakesand as innocent asdoves.

Both similes use theword as.

Simile example from the Bible.

Jesus was tellinghis disciples to bevery careful andinnocent whilepresenting thegospel.


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Therighteous willshine like the sun.Matthew 13:43(NIV)

This simile uses theword like.


When righteouspeople shine, we canclearly recognizetheir righteousnessby their actions.


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How sweet are yourwords to my taste,sweeter than honeyto my mouth. Psalms119:103 (NIV)

This simile uses the word

than.


Gods laws are goodand bring us joywhen we speak andthink about them.


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Metaphors are figurative comparisons thatdo notthe words 'like,' 'as' or 'than to

make it clear that a comparison is beingmade.

The meaning of the whole sentence isdifferent from the ordinary or usualmeaning of the individual words.

Figurative Comparisons - Metaphor


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That boy is a greedylittle pig.

The boy is not really ananimal with four legs.The boy is beingcompared to a pig.

Metaphors are a figure of speech.


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Peter is a giantamong men.

This sentence meansPeters characterismuch better than thatof most other people.

Metaphors are a figure of speech.


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Benjamin is a ravenouswolf. Gen. 49:27

The sentence compares

Benjamin to a wolfwithout using the wordslike, as or than.

Metaphor example from the Bible.

Benjamin is a ravenouswolf. Gen. 49:27

His family would be a war-like tribe and feared byall their neighbors.


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The Lord is my rock.

The sentence comparesthe Lord to a rock without

using the words like, asor than.

Metaphor example from the Bible.

The Lord is my rock.

The rock resembles thefact that God provides,

protects and neverchanges.


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Now you try!

Is it a Simile or Metaphor or Literal?He ran like the wind.

I am as hungry as a horse.

There is a mountain of food here!

John picked more coffee beans than Bill.

Jesus is the good shepherd. That boy is sharper than a tack!

You brood of vipers.


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3 PARTS OF A COMPARISON

Figures of Speech

Comparisons Three Parts of a Comparison


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Every Comparison Has 3 Parts

Whether or not: The comparison is being used

figuratively.

The comparison has the words 'like, 'as'or than.'

All of the parts are stated.


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Three Parts

TOPIC What is being talked about.

ILLUSTRATION The thing the topic is being compared to,

the image.

POINTS OF SIMILARITY What the topic and illustration have in

common.


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Parts of an English Simile

My grandfather is still strong as an ox.

Topic

Illustration

Points of similarity

my grandfather

an ox

their strength


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Parts of an English Metaphor

John is a beanpole.

Topic

Illustration


John

beanpole

their shape


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Parts of a Bible Metaphor

Jesus said to them,

I am the bread of life. John 6:35 (NET)

Topic

Illustration


Jesus

bread


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Bible Metaphor Research

Find the Relevant Point of Similarity Think about what you know about the image.

What is it like?

What does it do?


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Read the paragraph the comparison is in.

Are there any similarities between the topicand the image?

Are there any similarities relevant forunderstanding this text?


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Read the paragraph the comparison is in.

Read Translators Notes and othercommentaries.

Tell the point of similarity or explain why aparticular image was used.


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Topic

Illustration


Jesus

bread

gives life

Jesus said to them,

I am the bread of life. John 6:35 (NET)


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The Amorite inhabitants of that area confrontedyou and chased you like a swarm of bees, strikingyou down from Seir as far as Hormah. Deut 1:44

Topic

Illustration


The Amorites

swarm of bees


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Find the Relevant Point of Similarity Think about what you know about the

image.

What is it like? What does it do?


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image.

Read the paragraph the comparison is in. Are there any similarities between the topic

and the image?

Are there any similarities relevant for

understanding this text?


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image.

Read the paragraph the comparison is in. Read Translators Notes and other

commentaries. Tell the point of similarity or explain why a

particular image was used.


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The Amorite inhabitants of that area confrontedyou and chased you like a swarm of bees, strikingyou down from Seir as far as Hormah. Deut 1:44

Topic

Illustration


The Amorites

swarm of bees

move fastviciouspersistent

many together


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SAME IMAGEDIFFERENT MEANINGS

Figures of Speech

Comparisons Similes and Metaphors


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Same Image, Different Meanings

The Bible uses the same image tocommunicate different meanings.

Three Parts of Comparison process

Five examples


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Example One:

All of us had wandered off like sheep; each of ushad strayed off on his own path. Isaiah 53.6a

TopicIllustrationPoint of Similarity

Just as sheep wander away fromtheir shepherd, we have wanderedaway from God by not obeying him.

All of us

Wandered offSheep


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Example Two: I will certainly assemble those Israelites who remain. Iwill bring them together like sheep in a fold, like a flockin the middle of a pasture; they will be so numerous that

they will make a lot of noise. Micah 2:12 (NET)


Just as a sheepfold can be full ofvery many sheep, the land of Israelwould someday be full of very manyIsraelites.

The people of Israel

Many gatheredtogether

Sheep in a fold


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Example Three:

He was treated harshly and afflicted, but he did noteven open his mouth. Like a lamb led to the slaughteringblock, like a sheep silent before her shearers, he did not

even open his mouth. Isaiah 53:7 (NET)


Just as sheep do not try to stoptheir harsh treatment, so theMessiah would be silent and wouldnot try to stop those who treated

him harshly.

The Messiah

Silent in sufferingSheep led to slaughter


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Example Four:

Drag these wicked men away like sheep to beslaughtered! Appoint a time when they will bekilled! Jeremiah 12:3 (NIV)


Just as just as people set asidesheep to be killed, Jeremiahwanted God to kill wicked people.

Wicked men

Set apart to bekilled

Sheep


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Example Five:

I am sending you out like sheep surrounded by wolves, sobe wise as serpents and innocent as doves.Beware ofpeople, because they will hand you over to councils and

flog you in their synagogues. Matt. 10:16 & 17


Just as just sheep are vulnerableto vicious wolves that can attackand kill them, so Jesus' discipleswould be vulnerable.

Jesus 12 disciples

VulnerableSheep

Figures Of Speech-Comparisons

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