When the Author of a poem writes something, but doesn’t mean it

literally.

When human like qualities are given to an animal or object.

When the author makes sensory feelings or pictures appear in your mind using words

In a poem, you can often see the images the author writes about

The spring flowers, vibrant, electrified with the newness of spring

Similes

compare two things using like or as. The river is peaceful,

like a new baby sleeping.

The river is as peaceful as

a sleeping baby.

Simile

A comparison NOT using like or as.

“It is the East, and Juliet is the sun!”

“Oh bright angel, speak again!”

Romeo, “Romeo and Juliet”, William Shakespeare

SimileMetaphor Your eyes are like sunshine. You are my sunshine. He eats like a pig. He is a pig.You are like a rock. You are a rock.You are as happy as a clown. You are a clown.He is as stubborn as a mule. He is a mule.The world is like a stage. The world is a stage.The noise is like music to my ears.

The noise is music to my ears.Her heart is like gold. Her heart is gold.Your thoughts are like a storm. Your thoughts are a storm.

Sonnet: a poem of fourteen lines in iambic pentameter.

The New Colossus

Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame, (a) With conquering limbs astride from land to land; (b) Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand (b) A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame (a) Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name (a) Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand (b) Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command (b) The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame. (a)

"Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp!" cries she (c) With silent lips. "Give me your tired, your poor, (d)Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, (c) The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. (d) Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me, (c) I lift my lamp beside the golden door!" (d)

-Emma Lazarus, 1883

IronyWhen something that wasn’t expected happens, or when the opposite of what is expected happens.

"Water, water, everywhere,And all the boards did shrink; Water, water, everywhere, Nor any drop to drink.“-Coleridge ”Rhyme Of The Ancient Mariner”

Moodis

Toneis

Sound Devices

Playing with words….

Rhythm, Rhyme, Repetition, Alliteration, Assonance, Onomatopoeia

Assonance When the same vowel sound in words is

used repeatedly in a piece of writing“How now, brown cow.”

"Do you like blue?"

That is the way we will pray today, okay?

Alliteration When the same beginning sound is used

in words that are adjacent in a poem, usually a consonant.

Dandy Dancing Dog

Lovely Lady

Onomatopoeia A word that

imitates the sound it represents

RhymeExternal Rhyme:

Word endings that sound alike at the end of lines

I love school It is cool

Internal Rhyme: Word endings that sound alike within a

line I went on a trip in a ship far far

away.

Rhyme SchemeThe pattern of end rhyme in

a poem. The pattern is charted by assigning a letter of the alphabet, beginning with the letter a, to each line. Lines that rhyme are given the same letter.

Up in the sky aI see a cloud bI like to fly aI listen closely cI do not hear a sound b

Repetition is when a word or phrase is repeated just once or in one specific area of the poem.

Repetition

The Tide Rises, the Tide Falls1807–1882 Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

The tide rises, the tide falls, The twilight darkens, the curlew calls; Along the sea-sands damp and brown The traveller hastens toward the town,       And the tide rises, the tide falls.

Darkness settles on roofs and walls, But the sea, the sea in the darkness calls; The little waves, with their soft, white hands, Efface the footprints in the sands,

       And the tide rises, the tide falls.

The morning breaks; the steeds in their stalls

Stamp and neigh, as the hostler calls; The day returns, but nevermore Returns the traveller to the shore,

        And the tide rises, the tide falls.

If a child lives with criticism He learns to condemn.

If a child lives with hostility He learns to fight.

If a child lives with ridicule He learns to be shy.

If a child lives with tolerance He learns to be patient.

If a child lives with encouragement

He learns confidence.

Parallel Structure is using the same sentence structure for more than one line of poetry. The lines use the same pattern of nouns, verb, and adjectives, but express a different idea.

If a child lives with praise He learns to appreciate.

If a child lives with fairness He learns justice.

If a child lives with security He learns faith.

If a child lives with approval He learns to like himself.

If a child lives with acceptance and friendship He learns to find love in the

world.

Refrain is when a poem repeats entire lines or more several times throughout.Like the chorus of a song.

The beat pattern or flow of sound created by the arrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of poetry.