Fighter Airplanes 1
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Transcript of Fighter Airplanes 1
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Fighter jets have long been a staple of any successful military campaign. They are fast, effective,
expensive and highly lethal machines, capable of traveling long distances with enormous firepower
and guns. This article introduces us to the five top military jet fighters in service today, the price we
pay for them, and the future of jet fighting aviation. Only fighter jets that made it into active duty
were considered, therefore the YF-23 Black Widow, the YF-17 Cobra, and the F-20 Tigershark were
excluded. Additionally, only fighter jets were examined and therefore bombers such as the F-117
Nighthawk and the F-21 Kfir were also not included.
1. F-14 Tomcat
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Type Interceptor/multi-role Fighter aircraft
Manufacturer Grumman
Designed by Bob Kress, engineering manager[1]
Maiden flight 21 December 1970
Introduction September 1974
Retired 22 September 2006, USN
Status Active service with Iran, Limited Service in United States Navy
Primary users United States Navy, Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force
Number built 712
Unit cost US$38 million in 1998
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The Grumman F-14 Tomcat is a supersonic, twin-engine, two-seat, variable geometry wing aircraft.
The F-14 was the United States Navys primary maritime air superiority fighter, fleet defense
interceptor and tactical reconnaissance platform from 1974 to 2006. It later performed precision strike
missions once it was integrated with LANTIRN. It was developed after the collapse of the F-111B
project, and was the first of the American teen-series fighters which were designed incorporating the
experience of air combat in Vietnam against MiGs.
It entered service in 1972 with the U.S. Navy, replacing the F-4 Phantom II. It was later exported to
the Imperial Iranian Air Force in 1976. It was retired from the U.S. Navy fleet on 22 September 2006,
having been replaced by the F/A-18E/F Super Hornet. As of 2007, it remains in service only with the
Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force.
Use
The F-14 has visual and all-weather attack capability to deliver Phoenix and Sparrow missiles as well
as the M-61 gun and Sidewinder missiles for close in air-to-air combat. The F-14 also has the LANTIRN
targeting system that allows delivery of various laser-guided bombs for precision strikes in air-to-
ground combat missions. The F-14, equipped with Tactical Air Reconnaissance Pod System (TARPS) is
the Navys only manned tactical reconnaissance platform.
Achievements
The F-14 Tomcat has the ability to fire the AIM-54 Phoenix the longest ranged AAM in the world.
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2. F-15 Eagle
Type Air superiority fighter
Manufacturer McDonnell Douglas/Boeing IDS
Maiden flight 27 July 1972
Introduction 9 January 1976
Status Active: 567
Primary users United States Air Force, Israeli Air Force, Japan Air Self-Defense Force, Royal Saudi Air
Force
Unit cost US$27.9 million (F-15A/B) US$29.9 million (F-15C/D) in 1998
Variants F-15E Strike Eagle, F-15S/MTD
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The McDonnell Douglas (now Boeing) F-15 Eagle is an all-weather tactical fighter designed to gain and
maintain air superiority in aerial combat. It was developed for the U.S. Air Force, and first flew in July
1972. The F-15E Strike Eagle derivative is an all-weather strike fighter that entered service in 1989.
The Eagles air superiority is achieved through a mixture of unprecedented maneuverability and
acceleration, range, weapons and avionics. It can penetrate enemy defense and outperform and
outfight any current enemy aircraft. The F-15 has electronic systems and weaponry to detect, acquire,
track and attack enemy aircraft while operating in friendly or enemy-controlled airspace. The weapons
and flight control systems are designed so one person can safely and effectively perform air-to-air
combat.
The F-15s superior maneuverability and acceleration are achieved through high engine thrust-to-
weight ratio and low wing loading. Low wing-loading (the ratio of aircraft weight to its wing area) is a
vital factor in maneuverability and, combined with the high thrust-to-weight ratio, enables the aircraft
to turn tightly without losing airspeed.
Achievements
* The F-15 Eagle has a perfect combat record of 101 victories and zero defeats.
* During the Balkan conflict, the F-15E was the only fighter able to attack ground targets around the
clock, in all weather conditions.
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3. F-16 Falcon
Manufacturer General Dynamics/Lockheed Martin
Maiden flight 1974-02-02
Introduction 1978-08-17
Status Active: 724
Reserve: 69
Primary users United States Air Force and 24 other users
Number built >4,000
Unit cost US$14.6 million (F-16A/B) US$18.8 million (F-16C/D) in 1998
Variants General Dynamics F-16XL Mitsubishi F-2
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The F-16 Fighting Falcon is an American multirole jet fighter aircraft developed by General Dynamics
and Lockheed Martin for the United States Air Force. Designed as a lightweight fighter, it evolved into
a successful multirole aircraft. The Falcons versatility is a paramount reason it was a success on the
export market, serving 24 countries. The F-16 is the largest Western fighter program with over 4,000
aircraft built since production started in 1976. Though no longer produced for the US Air Force, it still
sees limited duty and is also produced for export.
In an air combat role, the F-16s maneuverability and combat radius (distance it can fly to enter air
combat, stay, fight and return) exceed that of all potential threat fighter aircraft. It can locate targets
in all weather conditions and detect low flying aircraft in radar ground clutter. In an air-to-surface
role, the F-16 can fly more than 500 miles (860 kilometers), deliver its weapons with superior
accuracy, defend itself against enemy aircraft, and return to its starting point. An all-weather
capability allows it to accurately deliver ordnance during non-visual bombing conditions.
In designing the F-16, advanced aerospace science and proven reliable systems from other aircraft
such as the F-15 and F-111 were selected. These were combined to simplify the airplane and reduce
its size, purchase price, maintenance costs and weight. The light weight of the fuselage is achieved
without reducing its strength. With a full load of internal fuel, the F-16 can withstand up to nine Gs
nine times the force of gravity which exceeds the capability of other current fighter aircraft.
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Achievements
* The F-16 flew more sorties in Operation Desert Storm than any other aircraft.
* The F-16 is the most numerous fighter in the West.
4. F-18 Hornet
Type Multirole fighter, strike fighter
Manufacturer Boeing Integrated Defense Systems
Designed by McDonnell Douglas
Maiden flight 1995-11-29
Introduction 1999
Primary user United States Navy
Produced 1995-present
Number built 300
Unit cost US$57 million (F/A-18E)
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US$59 million (F/A-18F)
Developed from F/A-18 Hornet
Variants EA-18 Growler
The Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet is a carrier-based fighter/attack aircraft that entered service in
1999 with the United States Navy. The fighter has recently been ordered by the Royal Australian Air
Force. The F/A-18E/F Super Hornet is a larger and more advanced development of the F/A-18C/D
Hornet.
Use
The F/A-18 Hornet is an all-weather aircraft and is used as an attack aircraft, as well as a fighter.
While in fighter mode, the F/A-18 Hornets are used mainly as fighter escorts and fleet air defense.
While in attack mode, it is used for force projection, interdiction and close and deep air support.
Achievements
The F/A-18 Hornet broke all records for tactical aircraft in availability, reliability, and maintainability
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during Operation Desert Storm
5. F-22 Raptor
Type Stealth air superiority fighter
Manufacturers Lockheed Martin Aeronautics
Boeing Integrated Defense Systems
Maiden flight YF-22: 29 September 1990
F-22: 7 September 1997
Introduction 15 December 2005
Status Active: 91[1]
Planned: 183
Primary user United States Air Force
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Unit cost US$137.7 million as of 2007[3]
Variants X-44 MANTA, FB-22
The F-22 Raptor is a fifth generation fighter aircraft which utilizes fourth generation Stealth
technology. It was originally envisioned as an air superiority fighter for use against the Soviet Air
Force, but is equipped for ground attack, electronic warfare and signals intelligence roles as well.
Faced with a protracted development period, the prototype aircraft was designated YF-22 and, as F/A-
22 during the three years before formally entering United States Air Force service in December 2005
as the F-22A. Lockheed Martin Aeronautics is the prime contractor and is responsible for the majority
of the airframe, weapon systems and final assembly of the F-22. Along with Lockheed Martin, partner
Boeing Integrated Defense Systems provides the wings, aft fuselage, avionics integration, and all of
the pilot and maintenance training systems.
Achievements
* The F-22 has the ability to cruise at supersonic speeds.
* The Raptor will be the leading American air-to-air fighter of the new century.
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The Future of Jet Fighting
- F-35 Lightning
Manufacturers Lockheed Martin Aeronautics
Northrop Grumman
BAE Systems
Maiden flight 15 December 2006
Introduction 2011 (scheduled)
Status Under development/pre-production
Primary users United States Air Force
United States Navy
United States Marine Corps
Royal Air Force / Royal Navy
Produced 2003-present
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Unit cost F-35A: US$48 million, F-35B: US$62 million, F-35C: US$63 million
Developed from Lockheed Martin X-35
The F-35 Lightning II is a single-seat, single-engine, stealth-capable military strike fighter, a multi-
role aircraft that can perform close air support, tactical bombing, and air-to-air combat. The F-35 is
descended from the X-35 of the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) program. Its development is being
principally funded by the United States with the United Kingdom and other partner governments
providing additional funding. It is being designed and built by an aerospace industry team led by
Lockheed Martin with Northrop Grumman and BAE Systems as major partners. Demonstrator aircraft
flew in 2000; a production model first took flight on 15 December 2006. The F-35 is scheduled to be
released for service in 2011 and will set a new standard in fighter jet aviation.
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