Fields in Finland

Fields in Finland

Fields in Finland

• A field is a large area that has been modified for cultivation of commercial plants.

• 7,2% (2,5 million hectares) of Finland’s land area is covered by fields

• 88% of fields is used for agricultural production.• Finland has much fewer fields than many other

European countries and so it has lower production amounts

• Nice to know: there has been farming in Finland for 7 3000 years

Map of fields in FinlandFields in Finland are mostly in the area marked by red color.

Finnish fields

Osthrobothnia

Is an area in western Finland• You can find fields almost anywhere in

Finland but most likely you find them in this area, because the ground there is good for cultivation

• The ground is fertile because it has been the bottom of the sea

Map of OsthrobothniaOsthrobothnia is the area marked by red color. Compare it’s location to the location of Finland’s fields.

The fields are marked by black color. Osthrobothnia is fully covered by fields.

A typical view of Ostrobothnia

Use of fields in Finland

• Fields in Finland are mostly used for growing different types of grains

• Fields can also be used for grazing– Grazing is a type of feeding. It is grazing when an

animal, for example a cow, eats grass in field.• Finland produces much less grain than many

European countries• The most commonly cultivated grain plants in

Finland are barley, oat, wheat and rye

Barley• 30% of all cultivated area in

Finland is used to grow barley

Oat• 20% of all cultivated area in

Finland is used to grow oat

Finnish grains

Wheat

• 6% of all cultivated area in Finland is used to grow wheat

Rye• Only 1% of all cultivated

area in Finland is used to grow rye

More Finnish grains

Barley porridge

Oat porridge

Wheat flour packet

Rye bread

Finnish grain products

Livestock production• Raising livestock (usually) means growing animals to

produce food• In Finland, raising livestock is more popular in the

eastern parts of the country than in any other region• Most common livestock animals in Finland are sheep,

cow, pig, chicken and in Lapland reindeer

A cow A reindeer

Fields and bioenergy

• Bioenergy is clean and environmentally friendly energy that is produced from biomass

• The biomass can be from field plants, wood or bio-based waste

• Field biomass can be oily plants or parts of grains

• Field bio energy has been a target for rising interest during the last few years

Field mustardField mustard is one of the most important biomass plants in Finland

Modern agriculture

• Modern agriculture is much based on technology, machines and chemicals

• The most common machines are automatic watering systems and computer-controlled feeding and milking systems

• Chemicals are commonly used to improve the health of plants and to kill pests and weeds

A tractor

Organic farming

• Organic (natural) farming is farming where the work is adapted to nature’s conditions

• In organic farming chemicals are replaced by natural materials like cattle manure and crushed minerals

• Plants are protected by farming in periods and by mechanical and biological protection (barriers and traps against pests and by farming pest-damaging plants)

• Organic farming pollutes environment much less than normal farming

European and Finnish organic production mark

Field as an ecological system

• There are about 500 different plants in fields• Lots of weeds have spread to fields with cattle

manure• Most of them are global• Small consumers in field are molds, bacteria and

pests. Some of them have spread to fields with humans or cattle

• In Finland, there are over 1000 crop damaging species. Some of them manage in Finland even in winter.

Agricultural support• In Finland, there are different types of agricultural

supports. An example: for producing milk or raising cattle

• These types of support are usually leveled so that northern parts of Finland get more agricultural support than southern parts

• Not all types of support are leveled geographically. An example: in plant growing, the amount of agricultural support is almost the same everywhere in Finland

• Finland gets 1,8 million euros as agricultural support from EU

In Englishgenerally

cultivationcultivatehectare

agricultural productiongrain

grazingbarley

oatwheat

ryeweed

small consumermoldpest

GlossaryIn Finnish

yleisestiviljelyviljellä

hehtaarimaataloustuotanto

viljalaidunnus

ohrakauravehnä

ruisrikkakasvi

pienkuluttajahomesienituhoeläin

agricultural supportfertile

Osthrobothniafield mustard

livestock productionbio-based

automatic watering systemcomputer-controlled

feeding and milking systemorganic farming

periodbarrierleveled

maataloustukiviljava

Pohjanmaarypsi

karjatalousbiopohjainen

automaattinen kastelujärjestelmätietokoneohjattu

ruokinta- ja lypsyjärjestelmäluomutuotanto

jakso, vuoroeste, valli

porrastettu

Sources• http://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelto• http://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suomi• http://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilja• http://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maataloustuki• http://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poro http://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luomuviljely http://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biologinen_torjunta• http://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biopolttoaine• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hectare• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cereal• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grazing

• http://maps.google.fi/maps?hl=fi&tab=wl• http://translate.google.fi• http://juhakala.blogspot.fi/2012/01/katri-ylander-valvojat-2009.ht

ml• www.mmm.fi• http://www.helsinki.fi/kansatiede/histmaatalous/peltoviljely/peltok

asvit.htm• http://www.pirkka.fi/ruoka/reseptit/122484-ohrapuuro-liedella• http://www.myllynparas.fi/portal/suomi/kuluttajat/reseptit/puurot

/peruspuurot/kaurapuuro_isoista_kaurahiutaleista/#.UPhLYB09qDU• http://www.hs.fi/ruoka/artikkeli/Ruisleip%C3%A4+pois+muovipussi

sta/1135269709911• http://fromfinland.fi/fi/sunnuntai-vehna-jauho.html

http://ruokatieto.fi/ruokakasvatushttp://www.motiva.fi/toimialueet/uusiutuva_energia/bioenergiahttps://ilmasto-opas.fi/fi/ilmastonmuutos/hillinta/-/artikkeli/c14a79cd-d384-41f4-a422-32338ecb35ca/bioenergia.htmlhttp://www.cartinafinland.fi/fi/picture/12238/Ruis.html http://www.oulu.fi/northnature/finnish/Suomi/ekopelto.htmlhttp://www.katteluksentila.fi/maatalous.htmlhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tractors_in_Potato_Field.jpghttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pohjanmaa_in_Finland.svg?uselang=fi

Thank you for your time and watching this presentation!Jasu Nousiainen and Juho Kuoppamäki from Erkko-lukio, Finland