Fiber Optic Sensors for Smart Structure and Structural Health Monitoring

8/14/2019 Fiber Optic Sensors for Smart Structure and Structural Health Monitoring

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Prof. O.B.Prof. O.B. VitrikVitrik,,

Fiber Optic Sensors forFiber Optic Sensors for

Smart Structure andSmart Structure andStructural HealthStructural Health

MonitoringMonitoringFar Eastern State Technical University,Far Eastern State Technical University,

Vladivostok, RussiaVladivostok, Russia

Institute Automatic and Processing Control,Institute Automatic and Processing Control,Far Eastern Branch of Russian AcademyFar Eastern Branch of Russian Academyof Sciences,of Sciences,


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Contents:Smart structure principles

Fiber optic sensors for smart structure and

structural health monitoring

Principles for fiber optic sensors

Principles for fiber optic sensing systemsAmplitude and phase fiber optic sensors for

the monitoring systems

Tomography fiber optic systems for

structural monitoring.


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Smart structureSmart structure

External

problem Smart

Structure

Appro-

priatesolution


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Smart structureSmart structure

Nervous

system

Brain

(Computer)


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Key features of fiber optic sensor forKey features of fiber optic sensor for

smart structure applications:smart structure applications:High flexibilityHigh flexibility

Low mass and low diameter. It is possible to insert the opticalLow mass and low diameter. It is possible to insert the optical

fiber in many materialsfiber in many materials

Hi sensitivity to number of physical and chemical quantities.Hi sensitivity to number of physical and chemical quantities.

Immunity to electromagnetic interferenceImmunity to electromagnetic interference

Immunity to corruptionImmunity to corruption

Wide range of sensor gauge lengthsWide range of sensor gauge lengths

Ability to distant monitoringAbility to distant monitoring

The Ability to Multiplex Many Fiber Optic SensorsThe Ability to Multiplex Many Fiber Optic Sensors

Possibility to Create Fiber Optic Sensor NetworkPossibility to Create Fiber Optic Sensor Network

The Ability to 1The Ability to 1--D, 2D, 2--D and 3D and 3--D areas monitoringD areas monitoring

Possible Low Cost, High Performance DevicesPossible Low Cost, High Performance Devices


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Fiber Optic SensorFiber Optic Sensors ms measuringeasuring

quantitiesquantities

position,position,

deformations,deformations,inclinations,inclinations,

strains,strains,

forces,forces,

pressures,pressures,

accelerationsaccelerations,,

vibrations,vibrations,

temperatures,temperatures,humidity,humidity,

air temperature,air temperature, wind speed andwind speed anddirection,direction,

water levels andwater levels andflow,flow,


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FiberFiber--optics sensors.optics sensors.

Intrinsic and extrinsic fiberIntrinsic and extrinsic fiber--opticsoptics

sensors.sensors.Fiber grating sensors.Fiber grating sensors.

InterferometricInterferometric fiberfiber--optics sensorsoptics sensorsFiberFiber--optics sensors based on lightoptics sensors based on light

amplitude changing.amplitude changing.

Nonlinear and other fiberNonlinear and other fiber -- opticsoptics

sensors.sensors.


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Extrinsic fiberExtrinsic fiber--opticsoptics

sensor.sensor.

Intrinsic fiberIntrinsic fiber--optics sensors.optics sensors.

Li ht source

Processing system

Measurin value

Extrinsic light

parameters

modulator

Li ht source Processing systemMeasuring value


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Fiber grating sensors.Fiber grating sensors.Measuring value

ref= 2nef


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InterferometricInterferometric fiberfiber--opticsoptics

sensors.sensors.

external

effect l

+


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Amplitude fiberAmplitude fiber--opticsoptics

sensors.sensors.

external

effect


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Nonlinear sensors based onNonlinear sensors based on

MandelshtamMandelshtam--BrillouinBrillouinscattering.scattering.


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Advantages and disadvantages ofAdvantages and disadvantages of

Different Fiber Optic Sensors.Different Fiber Optic Sensors.AADVANTAGESDVANTAGESSensor low cost;Sensor low cost;Sensing of transverse &Sensing of transverse &longitudinal strain, strainlongitudinal strain, straingradients, temperature, pressuregradients, temperature, pressureand corrosionand corrosion

Extremely flexibleExtremely flexible

geometrygeometryHigh sensitivity,High sensitivity,Wide area distributionWide area distribution

Low cost;Low cost;

Simplicity,Simplicity,Easy installation,Easy installation,Possibility of coverage of widePossibility of coverage of wideareaarea

Possibility of distributed sensorPossibility of distributed sensorfabrication.fabrication.

DDISADVANTAGESISADVANTAGES

Expensive signal processing andExpensive signal processing and

interrogation technologyinterrogation technologyProblem of temperature andProblem of temperature andstrain signal divisionstrain signal division

Problem ofProblem ofmultisensingmultisensingsignal division;signal division;Sensitivity stabilization problemSensitivity stabilization problemTTuning controluning control problemproblem

InIn many cases low sensitivitymany cases low sensitivityand presence of mobileand presence of mobilemechanical elements, highmechanical elements, highrequirements to stability of lightrequirements to stability of lightsource intensitysource intensity

LLow sensitivity, high costow sensitivity, high cost

Grating

Interferometer

Amplitude

Nonlinear


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2005/12/12005/12/1

3

2

1

M ( x , y, t)

M (t)

M(L,t)

MM(L,t)

L

1 2 3

N N-1 . i

1 2 3 i N L

M(L,t)M

M(L,t)

Fiber optic measuring systems:Fiber optic measuring systems:


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Fiber optic measuring systems:Fiber optic measuring systems:

M(x,y,t)

X

Y

X

Y

M(x,y,t)

X

Y

X

Y


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Integral sensitivity fiber optic sensorIntegral sensitivity fiber optic sensor

S(L)

d)L(S

L


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Tomography system principleTomography system principle


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Amplitude tilt sensorsAmplitude tilt sensors


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Amplitude bending sensorsAmplitude bending sensors


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Amplitude sensors OTDRAmplitude sensors OTDRinterrogationinterrogation


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Amplitude accelerometerAmplitude accelerometer


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Amplitude accelerometerAmplitude accelerometer


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The threshold FOSThe threshold FOS for pipelinefor pipeline

health monitoringhealth monitoring


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Photo of a place of break of a welded seam ofPhoto of a place of break of a welded seam ofpipeline together with worked threshold FOSpipeline together with worked threshold FOS


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External pressure sensingExternal pressure sensing


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Traditional Phase FiberTraditional Phase Fiber--opticsoptics

sensors based on Machsensors based on Mach --ZenderZender scheme.scheme.External effect

Laser Detector

Measuring value

)cos(2 1)0(

012121 lknIIIII +++=


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Double mode interferenceDouble mode interference

patternpattern


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Waveguide processing of DMIWaveguide processing of DMI

signalsignalLP

11

LP01

LP01


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Integral sensitivity long strainIntegral sensitivity long strain

sensorsensor


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Strain and Cracking control inStrain and Cracking control in

concrete beamsconcrete beams

2 hF F

4

3

1

6

5


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Strain control in concrete beamsStrain control in concrete beams,

2

0 600 1200 1800 F,

1 2


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Cracking control in concreteCracking control in concrete

beamsbeams

FibFib ti b dti b d


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FiberFiber--optics sensors based onoptics sensors based on

singlesingle-- fiber multimodefiber multimodeinterferometer scheme.interferometer scheme.

CorrCalcDistributed

Optical fielddetector

Linearizator


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SFMI hydrophoneSFMI hydrophone

4

5

1

2

3


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SFMI hydrophoneSFMI hydrophone

Laser

1

2

3

4

B b di it i bB b di it i b


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Beam bending monitoring byBeam bending monitoring by

SFMISFMI


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Tomography scanningTomography scanning

processprocess


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Tomography scanningTomography scanningprocessprocess


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FibFib ti t k f t hti t k f t h


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FiberFiber optic network of tomographyoptic network of tomography

typetype

Software for Scalar fieldSoftware for Scalar field


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Software for Scalar fieldmonitoring by OF tomographymonitoring by OF tomography

systemsystem

Acceleration field monitoring byAcceleration field monitoring by


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OF tomography systemOF tomography system



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Vector field monitoring by OFVector field monitoring by OF


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h(x,y,)=


tomography systemtomography system

eyxAr

r

),(



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tomography systemtomography system

h(x,y,)=d( )/dLe)y,x(Ar

r

)],([),( yxAdivRpg

r

=


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Vector field monitoring by OFVector field monitoring by OFtomography systemtomography system

h(x,y,)= ( )2

e)y,x(A

r

r

)],([),( 2 yxARpg =

Software for Vector field monitoringSoftware for Vector field monitoring


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Software for Vector field monitoringSoftware for Vector field monitoring

by OF tomography systemby OF tomography system

V t fi ld f l it di l hiftV t fi ld f l it di l hift


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Vector field of longitudinal shiftsVector field of longitudinal shiftsmonitoring by OF tomography systemmonitoring by OF tomography system

V t fi ld f l it di l hiftV t fi ld f l it di l hift


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V t fi ld f l it di l hiftVector field of longit dinal shifts


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Vector field of transversal shiftsVector field of transversal shifts


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ec o e d o a s e sa s s

gradients monitoring by OFgradients monitoring by OFtomography systemtomography system

Vector field of transversal shiftsVector field of transversal shifts


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Vector field of transversal shifts

gradients monitoring by OFgradients monitoring by OFtomography systemtomography system

Laboratory model for smartLaboratory model for smart


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Laboratory model for smartLaboratory model for smartskinskin


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Problem under solutionProblem under solution

--Stabilization of sensitivity,Stabilization of sensitivity,

--Improving of FO sensors andImproving of FO sensors andsensing systemsensing system adaptivityadaptivity-- Improving of technology for FOImproving of technology for FOsensors and sensing systemsensors and sensing systemfabricationfabrication

-- Development of new principlesDevelopment of new principlesfor FO sensors and sensingfor FO sensors and sensingsystem based on nanotechnologysystem based on nanotechnology

Fiber Optic Sensors for Smart Structure and Structural Health Monitoring

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