Female Reproductive Tract. Broad Ligament suspends the female reproductive tract in the pelvic...
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Female Reproductive Tract
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Broad Ligament
• suspends the female reproductive tract in the pelvic cavity
• has three portions
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Ovary• release ova- egg• 50,000 - 150,000 potential eggs
present at birth• release hormones• progesterone• estrogen
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Oviduct
• (fallopian tube)
• connect ovary to uterine horns
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Oviduct
• three portions
• infundibulum
• ampulla
• isthmus
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Oviduct
• ova remains in oviduct for 3-6 days
• 1/8 inch in diameter
• 20 cm. Long in a cow
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Uterus• passageway for sperm cells from
cervix to oviduct
• produce histotroph - nourishes developing embryo until placenta forms
• expel fetus at parturition
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Parturition
• birth
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Uterus
• site of pregnancy
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Cervix• located between uterus and vagina
• forms a barrier between the internal and external environment
• thick walled, many ringed organ
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Vagina
• point where urinary and reproductive tracts join
• receptacle for semen
• passageway for fetus
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Vulva
• outer opening of reproductive tract
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Clitoris
• sensory organ
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Hormones
• estrogen
• progesterone
• FSH
• LH
• HCG
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Estrogen
• produced by the follicle in non pregnant female and placenta in late pregnancy
• induce estrus - heat
• responsible for female contour
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Estrogen
• develop duct system of mammary gland
• causes edema - retention of water
• increases muscle development
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Progesterone
• hormone that keeps female out of heat
• relaxes uterus
• secretion of histotroph
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FSH
• follicle stimulating hormone
• development of follicles on ovary
• ova are released from follicle
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FSH
• indirectly responsible for estrogen production
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LH
• Lutenizing hormone
• causes ovulation
• ova is released from the follicle
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HCG
• Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
• produced by the placenta of pregnant women early in pregnancy
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HCG
• used on cows that are cystic - won’t ovulate
• causes ovulation
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Ovulation
• release of ova from ovary
• follicle develops - blister on ovary
• follicle bursts - egg is released
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Ovulation
• a hole is left where the ova was
• forms a C.L. (Corpus Luteum) - yellow body
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C.L.
• produces progesterone
• if female becomes pregnant a new follicle does not burst and estrogen production is reduced
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Gestation• length of time from conception till
birth
• cows - 281 days
• pigs - 114 days (3 mos, 3 weeks, 3 days)
• horses - 336 days
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Gestation
• sheep - 148 days
• goats - 151 days