Notes: Female Reproductive System (pg 8)

Notes: Female Reproductive System (pg 8)

• Functions: Produce eggs, transport eggs to location where they can be fertilized by sperm, nourish the developing offspring during pregnancy, give birth, produce female hormones

Ovaries• Produce eggs (oocytes)

Ovaries• Produce eggs (oocytes)• Almond-shaped. One on each side of uterus

Ovaries• Produce eggs (oocytes)• Almond-shaped. One on each side of uterus• Females are born with all the eggs they will

ever have (around 700,000).

Ovaries• Produce eggs (oocytes)• Almond-shaped. One on each side of uterus• Females are born with all the eggs they will

ever have (around 700,000). • Before birth, oocytes begin first meiotic

division then stay suspended in this state until puberty

Ovaries• Produce eggs (oocytes)• Almond-shaped. One on each side of uterus• Females are born with all the eggs they will

ever have (around 700,000). • Before birth, oocytes begin first meiotic

division then stay suspended in this state until puberty

• Follicle stimulating hormone causes several oocytes to start to grow each month. Usually only one will become mature

Ovaries• Produce eggs (oocytes)• Almond-shaped. One on each side of uterus• Females are born with all the eggs they will ever

have (around 700,000). • Before birth, oocytes begin first meiotic division

then stay suspended in this state until puberty• Follicle stimulating hormone causes several

oocytes to start to grow each month. Usually only one will become mature

• Luteinizing hormone causes mature oocyte to rupture the ovary wall and be released (ovulation)

Uterine (fallopian) tubes

• Extend from ovaries to uterus. About 4 cm long

Uterine (fallopian) tubes

• Extend from ovaries to uterus. About 4 cm long• Not directly connected to ovaries. Have

fingerlike extensions called fimbrae that pull the oocyte into the tube

Uterine (fallopian) tubes

• Extend from ovaries to uterus. About 4 cm long• Not directly connected to ovaries. Have

fingerlike extensions called fimbrae that pull the oocyte into the tube

• Lined with cilia that move the oocyte along. Takes 7 days to reach uterus

Uterine (fallopian) tubes

• Extend from ovaries to uterus. About 4 cm long• Not directly connected to ovaries. Have

fingerlike extensions called fimbrae that pull the oocyte into the tube

• Lined with cilia that move the oocyte along. Takes 7 days to reach uterus

• Oocyte is only fertile for 48 hours, so fertilization always takes place in the uterine tube

Output (pg 9)

• Label diagram of female reproductive system

Uterus (pg 8)

• Muscular organ about the size and shape of a pear

Uterus (pg 8)

• Muscular organ about the size and shape of a pear

• Regions: Fundus, body, cervix

Uterus (pg 8)

• Muscular organ about the size and shape of a pear

• Regions: Fundus, body, cervix• Receives the fertilized egg and provides an

appropriate environment for the developing offspring

Uterus (pg 8)

• Muscular organ about the size and shape of a pear

• Regions: Fundus, body, cervix• Receives the fertilized egg and provides an

appropriate environment for the developing offspring

• The fertilized egg burrows into the endometrium and implants

Output (pg 9)

• Label uterus diagram

Vagina (pg 8)

• Fibromuscular tube about 10 cm long

Vagina (pg 8)

• Fibromuscular tube about 10 cm long• Functions: provides a passageway for

menstrual flow to reach the outside, receives the penis and semen during intercourse, serves as birth canal

External Genitalia• Collectively called the vulva

External Genitalia• Collectively called the vulva• Mons pubis: pad of fat that covers the

symphysis pubis

External Genitalia• Collectively called the vulva• Mons pubis: pad of fat that covers the

smphysis pubis• Labia majora: two large, fat-filled folds of skin

External Genitalia• Collectively called the vulva• Mons pubis: pad of fat that covers the

smphysis pubis• Labia majora: two large, fat-filled folds of skin• Labia minora: smaller, delicate folds of skin

inside the labia majora

External Genitalia• Collectively called the vulva• Mons pubis: pad of fat that covers the

symphysis pubis• Labia majora: two large, fat-filled folds of skin• Labia minora: smaller, delicate folds of skin

inside the labia majora• Clitoris: Mass of erectile tissue. Homologous

to male penis. Many nerve endings. Swells with blood when aroused. Covered by a hood (prepuce)

External Genitalia• Collectively called the vulva• Mons pubis: pad of fat that covers the

symphysis pubis• Labia majora: two large, fat-filled folds of skin• Labia minora: smaller, delicate folds of skin

inside the labia majora• Clitoris: Mass of erectile tissue. Homologous

to male penis. Many nerve endings. Swells with blood when aroused. Covered by a hood (prepuce)

• Opening of urethra is just behind the clitoris

External Genitalia• Collectively called the vulva• Mons pubis: pad of fat that covers the symphysis

pubis• Labia majora: two large, fat-filled folds of skin• Labia minora: smaller, delicate folds of skin inside

the labia majora• Clitoris: Mass of erectile tissue. Homologous to

male penis. Many nerve endings. Swells with blood when aroused. Covered by a hood (prepuce)

• Opening of urethra is just behind the clitoris• 2 pairs of glands secrete mucus

Output (pg 9)

• Label diagram of external genitalia