FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGAN.ppt

7/28/2019 FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGAN.ppt

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FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGAN


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The internal genital organs comprises a pair of ovaries, a pair of

uterine tube or fallopian tube, single uterus and vagina.

Ovaries

Ovaries are female gonads. Oocytes are formed in them.

Ovary lies in ovarian fossa on lateral pelvic wall.

Boundaries of ovarian fossa

Anteriorlyobliterated umbilical artery

Posteriorlyureter and internal iliac artery

Position

In nulliparous long axis is vertical

In multiparous long axis is horizontal.


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Before ovulation the surface is smooth and colour is greyish pink.

After ovulation the surface is uneven and colour is grey.

Upper pole and lower pole.

Anterior border (mesovarin ) and posterior border (free).

Medial and lateral surface.

It is entirely covered by peritoneum, except along mesovarianborder.

Arterial supplyovarian or gonadal artery

Venous drainage inferior vena cava on rt side and into renal veinon left side.

Lymphatic drainage

lateral aortic and preaortic group of lymphnodes.

Nerve supply- sympathetic T10, T11and parasympathetic from s1,s2,s3.


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Microanatomy of ovary- cortex is lined by germinal or cuboidal

epithelium derived from peritoneum. Cortex consists of ovarian

folliclesmedulla is made up of vascular

connective tissue , nerves and vessels.


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Uterine tubes - is a duct which convey oocyte from ovary to

uterus.

Situation

in the upper free margin of broad ligament of uterus.It is 10 cm long and its lateral end opens into peritoneal cavity

through abdominal ostium.

Infundibulum bearing fimbriae, ampulla, isthmus and intramural

part.Isthmus and ampulla are directed posterolaterally in horizontal

plane.

Blood supply by uterine and ovarian artery. Venous drainage into

uterine vein and pampiniform plexus of the ovary.Lymphatic drainage into lateral aortic, preaortic and superficial

group of lymph node.


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Microanatomy of ft- it has

three layers

Serous layerMucous muscular layer

Mucous membrane is lined by

ciliated columnar epithelium

and mucous membrane isthrown into folds.


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Uterusit is a thick walled hollow organ situated in pelvis bet

bladder and rectum.

Shape is pyriform, length 7.5 cm, breath 5 cm , thickness 2.5 cm

and weight is 30 to 40 gm.Uterus has fundus, body and cervix. Body forms upper 2/3

portion and cervix form lower 1/3 portion.

Body has anterior and posterior surface, two lateral border.

Anterior surface - urinary bladder

Posterior surfaceilium and sigmoid colon.

Lateral borderattached to broad ligament.

Cervixit is 2.5 cm long. It has internal os and external os. The

canal has anterior and posterior wall.

lower part of cervix project into the anterior wall of

vagina which divide it into supravaginal and vaginal part .

Supravaginal part is relaterd anteriorly to bladder and

posteriorly to rectouterine pouch.


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In vaginal part of cervix there is there is space between wall of

vagina and cervix which is called as fornices.

Normal position and angulations of uterus

Axis of uterus forms 125 degree with axis of cervix called as

antifexsion.

Axis of cevix forms 90 degree with axis of vagina which is called asantiversion.

Arterial supply of uterus-by uterine artery which is branch of

internal iliac artery and partly by uterine artery.

Venous drainage- into internal iliac vein.Lymphatic drainageform upper portion into aortic node from lower

portion into external iliac node and internal iliac group of lymph

node.


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Microanatomy of uterusit consist of three layer endometrium,

myometrium and serous coat.

Endometrium - is lined by simple columnar epithelium after

menstruation , before menstruation epithelium is ciliated

columnar. Endometrium has three phases proliferative, secretory

or progestational and menstrual phase.

Myometrium - is made of outer and inner longitudinal coat and

middle circular coat.

Serous layer is derived from peritonium.


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Support of uterus -Primary support

a) Muscular support

pelvic diaphragm

perineal body

urogenital diaphragm

b) Fibromuscular support

uterine axis

pubocervical ligament

uterosacral ligament

transverse cervical ligament

round ligament of uterus


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Secondary support

These are peritoneal fold like broad ligament of uterus, uterovesical

fold , rectouterine fold.


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FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGAN.ppt

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