Female Reproduction Anatomy/Physiology Nick Nelson Blue Mt. CC Animal Science Instructor ANS 217.
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Transcript of Female Reproduction Anatomy/Physiology Nick Nelson Blue Mt. CC Animal Science Instructor ANS 217.
![Page 1: Female Reproduction Anatomy/Physiology Nick Nelson Blue Mt. CC Animal Science Instructor ANS 217.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d035503460f949d6be7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Female Reproduction Female Reproduction Anatomy/PhysiologyAnatomy/Physiology
Nick NelsonNick NelsonBlue Mt. CCBlue Mt. CC
Animal Science InstructorAnimal Science InstructorANS 217ANS 217
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Female AnatomyFemale Anatomy
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Reproduction Anatomy FunctionsReproduction Anatomy Functions
• Vulva: – Protection from dirt/manure– Indicator of Estrus or Parturition
• Vagina: – Tough striated muscle– Site of natural insemination for bull– Folds causing major obstruction for Semen
• Os:– Opening to the cervix– Dilates during Parturition
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Reproduction Anatomy FunctionsReproduction Anatomy Functions
• Cervix:– Major obstacle for sperm cells – Rough rings– Holds the fetus in uterus; in pigs a gelatin plug prevents other
males from breeding
• Uterus:– Site of Artificial Insemination deposition– Area where the fetus grows and develops– Very soft and easy to tear
• Uterine Horns:– Part of the uterine body– Fetus will spend some time developing in one of the horns
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Reproduction Anatomy FunctionsReproduction Anatomy Functions
• Oviduct (Fallopian Tube):– Site of Fertilization- Released egg meets eligible
sperm cell
• Ovary:– Produces the Eggs– Right ovary produces slightly more than left– 2 Follicular Stages
• Graffian Follicle- New follicle, full of hormones ready to produce eggs
• Corpus Luteum Follicle- Yellow Body; eggs have ruptured, produces Progesterone and maintains the pregnancy
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Estrous Cycle/Follicle DevelopmentEstrous Cycle/Follicle Development
1 FSH 2 Estrogen 3 LH 4 Progesterone
Standing Heat
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Ovary During Estrous CycleOvary During Estrous CycleGraffian Follicle
Old CL Ovulation
Pgf2α lyses CL
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Female HormonesFemale Hormones
• Estrogen (E2):– Produced by the Follicle– Tells the cow she is in heat (Estrus)– Prompts the Uterus to contract to help sperm travel– Causes glands to produce mucus and increase blood flow
• Progesterone (P4):– Produced by the ovary and Corpus Luteum– Maintains pregnancy
• Prostaglandin (Pgf2α):– Produced by the pituitary– Lyses the CL and stops progesterone; occurs about day
16 if cow is not bred– Common synchronization hormone
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Female HormonesFemale Hormones
• Gonadatrophin Releasing Hormone (GnRH)– Tells ovary to start a new follicle
• Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH):– Produced by the pituitary– Starts the growth of the new egg
• Luteinizing Hormone (LH):– Produced by the pituitary– Causes the follicle to undergo changes which
lead to egg release
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Process of A.I.Process of A.I.
• Reach into rectum with gloved hand
• Sweep down below the pelvic rim to find cervix
• Cervix feels like a chicken neck
• Lift and stretch out the Repro tract
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Process of A.I.Process of A.I.
• Insert the pipette at a 45о upward angle to miss the bladder
• Push the pipette forward to the cervix opening (Os)
• Squeeze the cervix to funnel the pipette into cervix
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Process of A.I.Process of A.I.
• Be aggressive with your gloved hand in working the cervix over the pipette
• Place thumb of gloved hand over the back of the cervix to stop the pipette from going to far into the uterus which will cause lacerations
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Process of A.I.Process of A.I.
• Slowly depress plunger on the pipette to deposit semen
• Slowly retract pipette from the cow
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Researching SemenResearching Semen
• Find 5 different bulls’ semen available you think would be the best to buy
• Record the following:– Name of the bull and breed– Location (where is the bull)– Price– Characteristics of the bull– Other important information– List the websites (must use at least two)!