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Transcript of Federal Planning Bureau Economic analyses and forecasts The Belgian environment industry (1995-2005)...
Federal Planning BureauEconomic analyses and forecasts
The Belgian environment industry (1995-2005)
Lies Janssen & Guy Vandille21 May 2008
Outline
Definition Database (sources) Results
Demography Economic impact
Conclusion
Definition (1)
OECD (1999), The Environmental Goods and Services Industry: Manual for Data Collection and Analysis
Definition (1)
OECD (1999), The Environmental Goods and Services Industry: Manual for Data Collection and Analysis :
Activities which produce goods and services to Measure Prevent Limit Minimise Correct
Definition (1)
OECD (1999), The Environmental Goods and Services Industry: Manual for Data Collection and Analysis :
Activities which produce goods and services to Measure, prevent, limit, minimise or correct
Damage to Water Air soil
Problems related to Waste Noise ecosystems
Definition (1)
OECD (1999), The Environmental Goods and Services Industry: Manual for Data Collection and Analysis :
Activities which produce goods and services to Measure, prevent, limit, minimise or correct
Damage to water, air and soil Problems related to waste, noise and ecosystems
Includes cleaner technologies, products and services that Reduce environmental risk Minimise pollution Minimise resource use
Definition (1)
OECD (1999), The Environmental Goods and Services Industry: Manual for Data Collection and Analysis :
Activities which produce goods and services to Measure, prevent, limit, minimise or correct
Damage to water, air and soil Problems related to waste, noise and ecosystems
Includes cleaner technologies, products and services that Reduce environmental risk, minimise pollution and resource use
Includes Specialised producers Secondary producers Ancillary producers
Definition (2)
3 activity classification levels
Definition (2)
3 classification levels
Level 1: type of environmental activity
Level 2 : type of economic activity
Level 3 : environmental domain
Definition (2)
3 classification levels
Level 1: type of environmental activity
Pollution management Cleaner technologies and products Resource management
Level 2 : type of economic activity
Level 3 : environmental domain
Definition (2)
3 classification levels
Level 1: type of environmental activity
Pollution management Cleaner technologies and products Resource management
Level 2 : type of economic activity
Production of equipment and specific materials Provision of services Construction and installation
Level 3 : environmental domain
Database
All environmental activities need to be classified according to this classification scheme => build database of environmental activities
Database
All environmental activities need to be classified according to this classification scheme => build database of environmental activities
Database organised according to organisations that conducted environmental activity in Belgium in period 1995-2005
Database
All environmental activities need to be classified according to this classification scheme => build database of environmental activities
Database organised according to organisations that conducted environmental activity in Belgium in period 1995-2005
For each organisation: Turnover (linked to environmental activity) Employment (linked to environmental activity) NACE Environmental activity according to classificiation
Database
All environmental activities need to be classified according to this classification scheme => build database of environmental activities
Database organised according to organisations that conducted environmental activity in Belgium in period 1995-2005
For each organisation: Turnover (linked to environmental activity) Employment (linked to environmental activity) NACE Environmental activity according to classificiation
Objective = analyse Belgian environment industry Demography of environment industry
Economic importance of the environment industry
Database
All environmental activities need to be classified according to this classification scheme => build database of environmental activities
Database organised according to organisations that conducted environmental activity in Belgium in period 1995-2005
For each organisation: Turnover (linked to environmental activity) Employment (linked to environmental activity) NACE Environmental activity according to classificiation
Objective = analyse Belgian environment industry Demography of environment industry
Number and size of firms share of NACE categories Share of environmental domains
Economic importance of the environment industry
Database
All environmental activities need to be classified according to this classification scheme => build database of environmental activities
Database organised according to organisations that conducted environmental activity in Belgium in period 1995-2005
For each organisation: Turnover (linked to environmental activity) Employment (linked to environmental activity) NACE Environmental activity according to classificiation
Objective = analyse Belgian environment industry Demography of environment industry
Number and size of firms share of NACE categories Share of environmental domains
Economic importance of the environment industry Share in output Share in employment
Database: sources environmental activity
National sector accounts : NACE 37 and 90
Database: sources environmental activity
National sector accounts : NACE 37 and 90 Regional government administrations and agencies publish lists of
companies engaged in environmental activities
Database: sources environmental activity
National sector accounts : NACE 37 and 90 Regional government administrations and agencies publish lists of
companies engaged in environmental activities Umbrella organisations and sectoral employer federations
Coberec : Belgian recycling federation FEBEM/FEGE : Federation of enterprises active in environmental
management Agoria : Federation for the Technology industry (list of members
performing environmental activities) FEBELAUTO : car recycling firms VVS : processors of building and dismantling debris
Database: sources environmental activity
National sector accounts : NACE 37 and 90 Regional government administrations and agencies publish lists of
companies engaged in environmental activities Umbrella organisations and sectoral employer federations
Coberec : Belgian recycling federation FEBEM/FEGE : Federation of enterprises active in environmental
management Agoria : Federation for the Technology industry (list of members
performing environmental activities) FEBELAUTO : car recycling firms VVS : processors of building and dismantling debris
For every firm activities were checked on basis of the Crossroad Bank of Enterprises of the FPS for Economic Affairs and the Central Enterprises Database of Flanders => assigned to environmental category
Database : sources economic data
For every firm economic data were collected on:
Database : sources economic data
For every firm economic data were collected on:
NACE
Turnover
Employment in fulltime equivalents (used to categorize firms by size)
Database : sources economic data
For every firm economic data were collected on:
NACE : classification of enterprises of National Accounts
Turnover
Employment in fulltime equivalents (used to categorize firms by size)
Database : sources economic data
For every firm economic data were collected on:
NACE : classification of enterprises of National Accounts
Turnover : Specialised producers: Central Balance Sheet Office or tax registers
Employment in fulltime equivalents (used to categorize firms by size)
Database : sources economic data
For every firm economic data were collected on:
NACE : classification of enterprises of National Accounts
Turnover : Specialised producers: Central Balance Sheet Office or tax registers Secondary producers: in detailed production data of the Structural
Business Survey production of environmental goods and services was identified => for each NACE determine average share of environmental goods and services in total production => apply this share to total turnover of individual secondary producers not in the SBS
Employment in fulltime equivalents (used to categorize firms by size)
Database : sources economic data
For every firm economic data were collected on:
NACE : classification of enterprises of National Accounts
Turnover : Specialised producers: Central Balance Sheet Office or tax registers Secondary producers: in detailed production data of the Structural
Business Survey production of environmental goods and services was identified => for each NACE determine average share of environmental goods and services in total production => apply this share to total turnover of individual secondary producers not in the SBS
Employment in fulltime equivalents (used to categorize firms by size)
Specialised producers: Central Balance Sheet Office Secondary producers: share of environmental employment in total =
share of environmental production in total
Results : demography of Belgian environment industry (1)
Number of firms Size of firms Share of NACE categories Share of environmental domains
Results : demography of Belgian environment industry (1)
Number of firms Size of firms Share of NACE categories Share of environmental domains
Number of firms : 2437 identified over period 1995-2005
Results : demography of Belgian environment industry (1)
Number of firms Size of firms Share of NACE categories Share of environmental domains
Number of firms : 2437 identified over period 1995-2005, of which
1820 specialized producers 617 secondary producers
Results : demography of Belgian environment industry (1)
Number of firms Size of firms Share of NACE categories Share of environmental domains
Number of firms : 2437 identified over period 1995-2005, of which
1820 specialized producers 617 secondary producers
1995: 1585 -- 2005: 2340
Results : demography of Belgian environment industry (1)
Number of firms Size of firms Share of NACE categories Share of environmental domains
Number of firms : 2437 identified over period 1995-2005, of which
1820 specialized producers 617 secondary producers
1995: 1585 -- 2005: 2340
average annual growth: 4% (higher than growth rate of total number of VAT contributors) => share of environmental firms in total increased from 0.27% to 0.33%.
Results : demography of Belgian environment industry (2)
Size of firms (1995-2005 average)
Specialised producers
Secondary producers
All firms
Results : demography of Belgian environment industry (2)
Size of firms (1995-2005 average)
Specialised producers Small firms (0-9 employees) : Medium-sized firms (10-99 employees): Large firms (100+ employees):
Secondary producers Small firms (0-9 employees) : Medium-sized firms (10-99 employees): Large firms (100+ employees):
All firms Small firms (0-9 employees) : Medium-sized firms (10-99 employees): Large firms (100+ employees):
Results : demography of Belgian environment industry (2)
Size of firms (1995-2005 average)
Specialised producers Small firms (0-9 employees) : 65 % Medium-sized firms (10-99 employees): Large firms (100+ employees):
Secondary producers Small firms (0-9 employees) : 46 % Medium-sized firms (10-99 employees): Large firms (100+ employees):
All firms Small firms (0-9 employees) : 60 % Medium-sized firms (10-99 employees): Large firms (100+ employees):
Results : demography of Belgian environment industry (2)
Size of firms (1995-2005 average)
Specialised producers Small firms (0-9 employees) : 65 % Medium-sized firms (10-99 employees): Large firms (100+ employees): 8 %
Secondary producers Small firms (0-9 employees) : 46 % Medium-sized firms (10-99 employees): Large firms (100+ employees): 18 %
All firms Small firms (0-9 employees) : 60 % Medium-sized firms (10-99 employees): Large firms (100+ employees): 10 %
Results : demography of Belgian environment industry (2)
Size of firms (1995-2005 average)
Specialised producers Small firms (0-9 employees) : 65 % Medium-sized firms (10-99 employees): 27 % Large firms (100+ employees): 8 %
Secondary producers Small firms (0-9 employees) : 46 % Medium-sized firms (10-99 employees): 36 % Large firms (100+ employees): 18 %
All firms Small firms (0-9 employees) : 60 % Medium-sized firms (10-99 employees): 30 % Large firms (100+ employees): 10 %
Results : demography of Belgian environment industry (3)
Share by NACE (1995-2005 average)
Results : demography of Belgian environment industry (3)
Share by NACE (1995-2005 average)
Specialised producers
Results : demography of Belgian environment industry (3)
Share by NACE (1995-2005 average)
Specialised producers NACE 90 (sewage and refuse disposal, sanitation and similar activities):
25% (avg annual growth:7.6%)
Results : demography of Belgian environment industry (3)
Share by NACE (1995-2005 average)
Specialised producers NACE 90 (sewage and refuse disposal, sanitation and similar activities):
25% (avg annual growth:7.6%) NACE 74 (other business activities, among which environmental study
bureaus): 23% (a.a.g.:6.9%)
Results : demography of Belgian environment industry (3)
Share by NACE (1995-2005 average)
Specialised producers NACE 90 (sewage and refuse disposal, sanitation and similar activities):
25% (avg annual growth:7.6%) NACE 74 (other business activities, among which environmental study
bureaus): 23% (a.a.g.:6.9%) NACE 37 (recycling): 19% (a.a.g.:3.4%)
Results : demography of Belgian environment industry (3)
Share by NACE (1995-2005 average)
Specialised producers NACE 90 (sewage and refuse disposal, sanitation and similar activities):
25% (avg annual growth:7.6%) NACE 74 (other business activities, among which environmental study
bureaus): 23% (a.a.g.:6.9%) NACE 37 (recycling): 19% (a.a.g.:3.4%) NACE 50-51 (mainly 51.57 sellers of second hand goods): 8% NACE 45 (mainly builders of waste treatment plants): 8%
Results : demography of Belgian environment industry (3)
Share by NACE (1995-2005 average)
Specialised producers NACE 90 (sewage and refuse disposal, sanitation and similar activities):
25% (avg annual growth:7.6%) NACE 74 (other business activities, among which environmental study
bureaus): 23% (a.a.g.:6.9%) NACE 37 (recycling): 19% (a.a.g.:3.4%) NACE 50-51 (mainly 51.57 sellers of second hand goods): 8% NACE 45 (mainly builders of waste treatment plants): 8%
Other 16% of primary producers spread over many different NACE categories => limiting study of environment industry to NACE categories considered in general as environmental categories (NACE 37 and 90) would lead to serious underestimate of environmental activities in the economy
Results : demography of Belgian environment industry (4)
Secondary producers
Results : demography of Belgian environment industry (4)
Secondary producers NACE 50-51 (wholesale and retail trade): 16% NACE 28-36 (among others fabricated metal products and machinery):
12% NACE 74 (other business activities): 11% NACE 45 (construction): 10%
Results : demography of Belgian environment industry (5)
Share by environmental domain (1995-2005 average)
Specialised producers
Secondary producers
Results : demography of Belgian environment industry (5)
Share by environmental domain (1995-2005 average)
Specialised producers Solid waste: 45% (of which 92% services)
Secondary producers Solid waste: 39% (of which 81% services)
Results : demography of Belgian environment industry (5)
Share by environmental domain (1995-2005 average)
Specialised producers Solid waste: 45% (of which 92% services) Wastewater management and water supply: 18% (70% services)
Secondary producers Solid waste: 39% (of which 81% services) Wastewater management and water supply: 20% (52% services)
Results : demography of Belgian environment industry (5)
Share by environmental domain (1995-2005 average)
Specialised producers Solid waste: 45% (of which 92% services) Wastewater management and water supply: 18% (70% services) R&D, monitoring, engineering and analysis: 15% (92% services)
Secondary producers Solid waste: 39% (of which 81% services) Wastewater management and water supply: 20% (52% services) R&D, monitoring, engineering and analysis: 17% (86% services)
Results : demography of Belgian environment industry (5)
Share by environmental domain (1995-2005 average)
Specialised producers Solid waste: 45% (of which 92% services) Wastewater management and water supply: 18% (70% services) R&D, monitoring, engineering and analysis: 15% (92% services) Air pollution control and noise and vibration abatement only 2
environmental domains for which production, construction and installation of equipment was almost as important as services
Secondary producers Solid waste: 39% (of which 81% services) Wastewater management and water supply: 20% (52% services) R&D, monitoring, engineering and analysis: 17% (86% services) For air pollution control and noise and vibration abatement the share of
production, construction and installation activities exceeded the share of services considerably
Results: economic impact of the Belgian environment industry (1)
Number of firms involved in environmental activities has clearly increased => has environmental industry become more important to Belgian economy ?
Results: economic impact of the Belgian environment industry (1)
Number of firms involved in environmental activities has clearly increased => has environmental industry become more important to Belgian economy ?
Production
Specialised producers
Secondary producers
Results: economic impact of the Belgian environment industry (1)
Number of firms involved in environmental activities has clearly increased => has environmental industry become more important to Belgian economy ?
Production
Specialised producers 1995: 6.5 billion euros - 2005: 9.6 billion euros
Secondary producers 1995: 3.2 billion euros - 2005: 6.6 billion euros
Results: economic impact of the Belgian environment industry (1)
Number of firms involved in environmental activities has clearly increased => has environmental industry become more important to Belgian economy ?
Production
Specialised producers 1995: 6.5 billion euros - 2005: 9.6 billion euros average yearly nominal output growth 4% < growth rate of total output =>
share in total output dropped from 1.57 to 1.50 %
Secondary producers 1995: 3.2 billion euros - 2005: 6.6 billion euros average yearly nominal output growth 7.5% > growth rate of total output =>
share in total output increased from 0.77 to 1.02 %
Results: economic impact of the Belgian environment industry (1)
Number of firms involved in environmental activities has clearly increased => has environmental industry become more important to Belgian economy ?
Production
Specialised producers 1995: 6.5 billion euros - 2005: 9.6 billion euros average yearly nominal output growth 4% < growth rate of total output =>
share in total output dropped from 1.57 to 1.50 %
Secondary producers 1995: 3.2 billion euros - 2005: 6.6 billion euros average yearly nominal output growth 7.5% > growth rate of total output =>
share in total output increased from 0.77 to 1.02 % Share in total environmental output 1995: 33% 2005: 40%
Results: economic impact of the Belgian environment industry (1)
Number of firms involved in environmental activities has clearly increased => has environmental industry become more important to Belgian economy ?
Production
Specialised producers 1995: 6.5 billion euros - 2005: 9.6 billion euros average yearly nominal output growth 4% < growth rate of total output =>
share in total output dropped from 1.57 to 1.50 %
Secondary producers 1995: 3.2 billion euros - 2005: 6.6 billion euros average yearly nominal output growth 7.5% > growth rate of total output =>
share in total output increased from 0.77 to 1.02 % Share in total environmental output 1995: 33% 2005: 40% Share in total number of environmental firms: 29% 27% => average
output increased by 41% ( fall of 4% for specialised)
Results: economic impact of the Belgian environment industry (2)
Specialised and secondary producers together
Results: economic impact of the Belgian environment industry (2)
Specialised and secondary producers together Share in total output
1995 : 2.34 % 1999 : 2.20 % 2004 : 2.77 % 2005 : 2.52 %
Results: economic impact of the Belgian environment industry (2)
Specialised and secondary producers together Share in total output
1995 : 2.34 % 1999 : 2.20 % 2004 : 2.77 % 2005 : 2.52 %
Ancillary producers
Results: economic impact of the Belgian environment industry (2)
Specialised and secondary producers together Share in total output
1995 : 2.34 % 1999 : 2.20 % 2004 : 2.77 % 2005 : 2.52 %
Ancillary producers Data from EPEA on wage cost (intermediate consumption not taken into
account in order to exclude double-counting)
Results: economic impact of the Belgian environment industry (2)
Specialised and secondary producers together Share in total output
1995 : 2.34 % 1999 : 2.20 % 2004 : 2.77 % 2005 : 2.52 %
Ancillary producers Data from EPEA on wage cost (intermediate consumption not taken into
account in order to exclude double-counting) Only 1.23 % of environmental output by specialised and secondary producers
on average in the period 1997-2002
Results: economic impact of the Belgian environment industry (3)
Employment (fulltime equivalents)
Results: economic impact of the Belgian environment industry (3)
Employment (fulltime equivalents)
Specialised producers
Results: economic impact of the Belgian environment industry (3)
Employment (fulltime equivalents)
Specialised producers
Number of employees 1995: 39108
Share in total employment 1995: 1.02 %
Results: economic impact of the Belgian environment industry (3)
Employment (fulltime equivalents)
Specialised producers
Number of employees 1995: 39108 2005: 47371
Share in total employment 1995: 1.02 % 2005: 1.12 %
Results: economic impact of the Belgian environment industry (4)
Secondary producers
Results: economic impact of the Belgian environment industry (4)
Secondary producers Number of employees
1995: 23772
Share in total employment 1995: 0.61 %
Results: economic impact of the Belgian environment industry (4)
Secondary producers Number of employees
1995: 23772 2005: 27176
Share in total employment 1995: 0.61 % 2005: 0.65 %
Results: economic impact of the Belgian environment industry (4)
Secondary producers Number of employees
1995: 23772 2005: 27176
Share in total employment 1995: 0.61 % 2005: 0.65 %
Share in environmental employment decreased from 38% in 1995 to 36% in 2005 ( share in environmental output)
Results: economic impact of the Belgian environment industry (4)
Secondary producers Number of employees
1995: 23772 2005: 27176
Share in total employment 1995: 0.61 % 2005: 0.65 %
Share in environmental employment decreased from 38% in 1995 to 36% in 2005 ( share in environmental output)
Specialised and secondary producers together
Results: economic impact of the Belgian environment industry (4)
Secondary producers Number of employees
1995: 23772 2005: 27176
Share in total employment 1995: 0.61 % 2005: 0.65 %
Share in environmental employment decreased from 38% in 1995 to 36% in 2005 ( share in environmental output)
Specialised and secondary producers together Number of employees
1995: 62880
Share in total employment 1995: 1.63 %
Results: economic impact of the Belgian environment industry (4)
Secondary producers Number of employees
1995: 23772 2005: 27176
Share in total employment 1995: 0.61 % 2005: 0.65 %
Share in environmental employment decreased from 38% in 1995 to 36% in 2005 ( share in environmental output)
Specialised and secondary producers together Number of employees
1995: 62880 2005: 74547
Share in total employment 1995: 1.63 % 2005: 1.77 %
Conclusions
Study of the environment industry is labour-intensive
Conclusions
Study of the environment industry is labour-intensive firm level data need to be analysed in detail
Conclusions
Study of the environment industry is labour-intensive firm level data need to be analysed in detail numerous sources need to be consulted and combined
Conclusions
Study of the environment industry is labour-intensive firm level data need to be analysed in detail numerous sources need to be consulted and combined
Results are instructive
Conclusions
Study of the environment industry is labour-intensive firm level data need to be analysed in detail numerous sources need to be consulted and combined
Results are instructive Environmental production in many NACE categories (also specialised
producers)
Conclusions
Study of the environment industry is labour-intensive firm level data need to be analysed in detail numerous sources need to be consulted and combined
Results are instructive Environmental production in many NACE categories (also specialised
producers) Could be used as input to complete EPEA (production of environmental
services)
Conclusions
Study of the environment industry is labour-intensive firm level data need to be analysed in detail numerous sources need to be consulted and combined
Results are instructive Environmental production in many NACE categories (also specialised
producers) Could be used as input to complete EPEA (production of environmental
services) Can lead to detection of misclassification of enterprises in National
Accounts enterprise register (secondary producers belonging to NACE 90 => double counting problem)